全文获取类型
收费全文 | 756篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 29篇 |
妇产科学 | 37篇 |
基础医学 | 80篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 28篇 |
内科学 | 177篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2篇 |
神经病学 | 121篇 |
特种医学 | 71篇 |
外科学 | 112篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
预防医学 | 24篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 35篇 |
肿瘤学 | 70篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 35篇 |
2012年 | 48篇 |
2011年 | 53篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 44篇 |
2006年 | 59篇 |
2005年 | 31篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有799条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Seok L Ong Gianpiero Gravante Cristina A Pollard M'Balu A Webb Severine Illouz Ashley R Dennison 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2009,11(8):613-621
Pain control is one of the most challenging aspects in the management of chronic pancreatitis. Total pancreatectomy can successfully relieve the intractable abdominal pain in these patients but will inevitably result in insulin-dependent diabetes. Islet autotransplantation aims to preserve, as far as possible, the insulin secretory function of the islet cell mass thereby reducing (or even removing) the requirement for exogenous insulin administration after a total pancreactomy. Despite the relatively small number of centres able to perform these procedures, there are important technical variations in the details of their approaches. The aim of this review is to provide details of the current surgical practice for total pancreatectomy combined with islet autotransplantation, and outline the potential advantages and disadvantages of the variations adopted in each centre. 相似文献
2.
Identifying candidate causal variants responsible for altered activity of the ABCB1 multidrug resistance gene 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
Soranzo N Cavalleri GL Weale ME Wood NW Depondt C Marguerie R Sisodiya SM Goldstein DB 《Genome research》2004,14(7):1333-1344
The difficulty of fine localizing the polymorphisms responsible for genotype-phenotype correlations is emerging as an important constraint in the implementation and interpretation of genetic association studies, and calls for the definition of protocols for the follow-up of associated variants. One recent example is the 3435C>T polymorphism in the multidrug transporter gene ABCB1, associated with protein expression and activity, and with several clinical conditions. Available data suggest that 3435C>T may not directly cause altered transport activity, but may be associated with one or more causal variants in the poorly characterized stretch of linkage disequilibrium (LD) surrounding it. Here we describe a strategy for the follow-up of reported associations, including a Bayesian formalization of the associated interval concept previously described by Goldstein. We focus on the region of high LD around 3435C>T to compile an exhaustive list of variants by (1) using a relatively coarse set of marker typings to assess the pattern of LD, and (2) resequencing derived and ancestral chromosomes at 3435C>T through the associated interval. We identified three intronic sites that are strongly associated with the 3435C>T polymorphism. One of them is associated with multidrug resistance in patients with epilepsy (chi2 = 3.78, P = 0.052), and sits within a stretch of significant evolutionary conservation. We argue that these variants represent additional candidates for influencing multidrug resistance due to P-glycoprotein activity, with the IVS 26+80 T>C being the best candidate among the three intronic sites. Finally, we describe a set of six haplotype tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms that represent common ABCB1 variation surrounding 3435C>T in Europeans. 相似文献
3.
A MicroRNA signature associated with prognosis and progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
4.
Anti-HIV effects of chloroquine: inhibition of viral particle glycosylation and synergism with protease inhibitors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Savarino A Lucia MB Rastrelli E Rutella S Golotta C Morra E Tamburrini E Perno CF Boelaert JR Sperber K Cauda R 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2004,35(3):223-232
OBJECTIVE: We tested the effects of chloroquine (CQ) on glycosylation of HIV particles and in combination with protease inhibitors (PIs) on HIV replication and on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)/multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1). DESIGN: CD4 cell lines were infected with laboratory strains and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected with primary isolates for evaluation of the anti-HIV effects. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated for of P-gp and MRP1 functions. METHODS: HIV replication was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HIV glycosylation was measured by metabolic labeling of viral particles with [H] glucosamine. Synergism was tested using isobolograms. P-gp and MRP1 functions were assayed using rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and carboxyfluorescein (CF) efflux assays, respectively. RESULTS: CQ alone inhibited HIV replication and glycosylation in a dose-dependent manner. In combination with indinavir (IDV), ritonavir, or saquinavir (SQV), CQ had a synergistic effect at concentrations found in plasma of subjects receiving malaria prophylaxis. CQ decreased the 50% effective concentration of IDV in primary isolates from Africa and restored the response to IDV or SQV in 3 PI-resistant isolates. CQ increased the block of Rh123 and CF efflux activity exerted by PIs. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effects of CQ on HIV glycosylation are associated with synergistic effects in combination with PIs. The CQ/PI combination exerts combined inhibitory effects on P-gp and MRP1 function. 相似文献
5.
Enrico M Trecarichi Mario Tumbarello de Gaetano Katleen Donati Enrica Tamburrini Roberto Cauda Christina Brahe Francesco D Tiziano 《AIDS research and therapy》2006,3(1):22-4
Despite multiple sexual exposure to HIV-1 virus, some individuals remain HIV-1 seronegative (exposed seronegative, ESN). The
mechanisms underlying this resistance remain still unclear, although a multifactorial pathogenesis can be hypothesised. Although
several genetic factors have been related to HIV-1 resistance, the homozigosity for a mutation in CCR5 gene (the 32 bp deletion, i.e. CCR5-Delta32 allele) is presently considered the most relevant one. In the present study we
analysed the genotype at CCR5 locus of 30 Italian ESN individuals (case group) who referred multiple unprotected heterosexual intercourse with HIV-1 seropositive
partner(s), for at least two years. One hundred and twenty HIV-1 infected patients and 120 individuals representative of the
general population were included as control groups. Twenty percent of ESN individuals had heterozygous CCR5-Delta 32 genotype,
compared to 7.5% of HIV-1 seropositive and 10% of individuals from the general population, respectively. None of the analysed
individuals had CCR5-Delta 32 homozygous genotype. Sequence analysis of the entire open reading frame of CCR5 was performed in all ESN subjects and no polymorphisms or mutations were identified. Moreover, we determined the distribution
of C77G variant in CD45 gene, which has been previously related to HIV-1 infection susceptibility. The frequency of the C77G
variant showed no significant difference between ESN subjects and the two control groups. 相似文献
6.
The authors, reporting the present value and importance of the interventional biliary radiology in the therapy of the obstructive inoperable jaundice, describe the features of a "long" endoprosthesis and its advantages in comparison with the common endoprosthesis. 相似文献
7.
Concezio Di Rocco Paolo Frassanito Gianpiero Tamburrini 《Child's nervous system》2013,29(12):2189-2194
The shell technique, used in the Pediatric Neurosurgical Department at the Catholic University, Rome, since the 1990s for the correction of trigonocephaly, is associated to a significant reduction in surgical time and intraoperative blood loss as compared to other procedures, while allowing an adequate remodelling of the bifrontal bone by means of multiple radial osteotomies. The technique does not necessitate the creation of a supraorbital bar, as the supraorbital ridges are modified in situ, further reducing the operative blood loss. In spite of reduced surgical time and manipulation, this procedure ensures aesthetic and functional results comparable to more extensive and complex cranial vault reshaping procedures. The main limitation of this technique is related to the surgical timing, as better results are obtained between 3 and 9 months of age, when the skull bone is still ductile to work with, thus allowing it to be remodelled by greenstick fractures. Moreover, in this age group, the cranial defects that result from the enlargement of the frontal bone flap by means of radial cuts and from the anterior displacement of its lateral portions may benefit from the more effective bone regeneration which characterizes younger children as compared to their older counterparts. A small number of cases showing either persistent hypotelorism or temporal depression have been observed in the post-operative period, although these residual deformities probably depend on a more extensive involvement of the cranial base in the synostotic process in these patients than on the procedure itself. 相似文献
8.
Davide Porrelli Andrea Travan Gianluca Turco Matteo Crosera Massimiliano Borgogna Ivan Donati Sergio Paoletti Gianpiero Adami Eleonora Marsich 《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》2018,12(2):e747-e759
Injectable bone fillers represent an attractive strategy for the treatment of bone defects. These injectable materials should be biocompatible, capable of supporting cell growth and possibly able to exert antibacterial effects. In this work, nanocomposite microbeads based on alginate, chitlac, hydroxyapatite and silver nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. The dried microbeads displayed a rapid swelling in contact with simulated body fluid and maintained their integrity for more than 30 days. The evaluation of silver leakage from the microbeads showed that the antibacterial metal is slowly released in saline solution, with less than 6% of silver released after 1 week. Antibacterial tests proved that the microbeads displayed bactericidal effects toward Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and were also able to damage pre‐formed bacterial biofilms. On the other hand, the microbeads did not exert any cytotoxic effect towards osteoblast‐like cells. After characterization of the microbeads bioactivity, a possible means to embed them in a fluid medium was explored in order to obtain an injectable paste. Upon suspension of the particles in alginate solution or alginate/hyaluronic acid mixtures, a homogenous and time‐stable paste was obtained. Mechanical tests enabled to quantify the extrusion forces from surgical syringes, pointing out the proper injectability of the material. This novel antibacterial bone filler appears as a promising material for the treatment of bone defects, in particular when possible infections could compromise the bone‐healing process. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Carmen Barba Massimo Cossu Renzo Guerrini Giancarlo Di Gennaro Flavio Villani Luca De Palma Laura Grisotto Alessandro Consales Domenica Battaglia Nelia Zamponi Piergiorgio dOrio Martina Revay Michele Rizzi Sara Casciato Vincenzo Esposito Pier Paolo Quarato Roberta Di Giacomo Giuseppe Didato Chiara Pastori Giusy Carfi Pavia Simona Pellacani Giulia Matta Mattia Pacetti Gianpiero Tamburrini Elisabetta Cesaroni Gabriella Colicchio Giampaolo Vatti Sofia Asioli Massimo Caulo Carlo Efisio Marras Laura Tassi 《Epilepsia》2021,62(1):128-142
10.