Femoropopliteal bypass is not a generic procedure: a survey of the practice patterns of the Florida Vascular Society

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether surgeons perform femoropopliteal bypass using standard or dissimilar methods. A questionnaire was mailed to all members of the Florida Vascular Society, which consists of 83 board-certified vascular surgeons. Fifty-three responded (62%). Eighty-one questions covered aspects of the intraoperative and postoperative technical details usually involved in performing femoropopliteal bypass. Surgeons performed between 10 and 80 (mean 38) femoropopliteal bypasses per year. Only seven (13%) surgeons were aware of their patency rates. The results of this study showed that surgeons are largely unaware of their patency rates. When the variables used in this study were considered, no two surgeons performed the procedure in an identical manner. This variation in practice pattern may account for the discrepancy in reported patency rates for femoropopliteal bypass.     

Clinical Validation of a Coronary Surgery Technique That Minimizes Aortic Manipulation

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Role of Gut Microbiota on Onset and Progression of Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most problematic and economic consumer disorders worldwide, with growing prevalence and incidence. Over the last years, substantial research has highlighted the intricate relationship among gut microbiota, dysbiosis and metabolic syndromes development. Changes in the gut microbiome composition lead to an imbalanced gastrointestinal habitat which promotes abnormal production of metabolites, inflammatory status, glucose metabolism alteration and even insulin resistance (IR). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharide, aromatic amino acids and their affiliated metabolites, contribute to T2DM via different metabolic and immunologic pathways. In this narrative review, we discuss the immunopathogenic mechanism behind gut dysbiosis, T2DM development and the major known diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy), the beneficial use of pre- and pro-biotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in T2DM management and new findings and future perspectives in this field.     

China’s great wall,Israel’s Bar Lev Line,and passive infectious disease surveillance

Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society’s greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens have not always been successful. This paper highlights the importance of embracing new interdisciplinary approaches towards emerging pathogen threats. One such approach, termed One Health, is quickly being embraced by professional organizations and public health institutions across the world as a way forward. This paper briefly discusses the above problems and preliminary steps taken by Chinese academic institutions to embrace the One Health approach.