全文获取类型
收费全文 | 518篇 |
免费 | 45篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 6篇 |
妇产科学 | 8篇 |
基础医学 | 82篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 38篇 |
内科学 | 136篇 |
皮肤病学 | 10篇 |
神经病学 | 21篇 |
特种医学 | 22篇 |
外科学 | 111篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 28篇 |
眼科学 | 6篇 |
药学 | 29篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 40篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 24篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 34篇 |
2012年 | 41篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 19篇 |
2008年 | 29篇 |
2007年 | 33篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有566条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
R. Pontoriero J. Lindhe S. Nyman T. Karring E. Rosenberg F. Sanavi 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1989,16(3):170-174
The present investigation was designed to evaluate the regenerative potential of the periodontal tissues in degree III furcation defects at mandibular molars using a treatment procedure based on the principle of guided tissue regeneration. The patient sample included 21 patients, 26-65 years of age, who presented periodontal lesions in the right and left molar regions including "through and through" furcation defects. After an initial examination, each patient was subjected to a series of full-mouth scaling and root planing. 2-3 months later, they were recalled for a baseline examination. The furcation-involved molars were randomly assigned in each patient to either a test or a control treatment procedure. The test procedure included the elevation of muco-periosteal flaps at the buccal and lingual aspects of the molars. Granulation tissue was removed and the exposed root surfaces were debrided and planed. The width and the height of the entrance openings to the furcation defects were assessed. A teflon membrane was adjusted to cover the entrances to the defects (buccal and lingual) and was retained in the manner described by Pontoriero et al. (1988). The flaps were repositioned on the outer surface of the membrane and secured by sutures which were removed after 10 days. Following surgery, the patients were instructed to rinse the mouth twice daily for 4 weeks with chlorhexidine gluconate. The membranes were removed after a healing period of 1-2 months. A surgical procedure identical to the test procedure was performed in the control tooth regions with the exception of the placement of membranes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
2.
Induction of nonspecific tolerance to endotoxins reduces the alveolar bone resorption in ligature-treated rats.
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Infection and immunity》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Previous experimental data from various laboratories indicate that endotoxin of gram-negative oral microorganisms might be one of the most important bacterial products involved in bone resorption during periodontitis. Immunologically nonspecific tolerance to endotoxins in rats was induced by repeated application of Serratia marcescens trichloroacetic acid-extracted endotoxin. Silk ligature was placed on the second maxillary molar of the endotoxin-tolerant rats as well as of control rats in which tolerance to endotoxin had not been induced. The animals were sacrificed 8 days later. The rats showed no specific immune response to the tolerance-inducing endotoxin as measured by passive hemagglutination and by the lymphoblast assays, but we found that bone resorption was significantly reduced in the endotoxin-tolerant rats as compared with ligature-treated animals in which tolerance to endotoxin had not been induced. 相似文献
3.
Shayan Taheri Farshid Davoodi Abbas Raisi Amir Zakian Asghar Rajabzadeh Mohammad Hassan Hablolvarid Abdolrahman khezri Hassan Ahmadvand 《Andrologia》2021,53(6):e14049
Testicular torsion/detorsion is one of the important emergencies that requires fast surgical intervention. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza hydroalcoholic extract combined with verapamil on testicular ischaemia/reperfusion damage in Wistar albino rats. All animals were distributed in 3 groups (n = 8), including the sham-operated group, torsion/detorsion (TD) group and torsion/detorsion + pretreatment with 200 mg/kg Salvia miltiorrhiza extract combined with 0.3 mg/kg verapamil (SMV) group. Oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, GPx, CAT and TAC) both in plasma and testicular tissue, sperm parameters (motility, vitality, concentration and morphology) and histopathological parameters (MSTD, GECT, Johnson's score, Cosentino's score and testicular cell thickness) were assessed in all groups. Ischaemia/reperfusion significantly increased MDA and decreased GPx, CAT and TAC levels (p < .05). Pretreatment with SMV significantly increased GPx, CAT and TAC levels (p < .05). SMV group increased progressive sperm motility and vitality and reduced non-progressive motility of spermatozoon (p < .05). Testicular torsion significantly decreased all histopathological parameters compared to the sham group (p < .05). SMV pretreatment remarkably increased MSTD, GECT and Cosentino's score in comparison with the TD group (p < .05). A combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza with verapamil could reduce damages triggered by testicular torsion detorsion and improve sperm functionality parameters and oxidative stress defence systems. 相似文献
4.
Josef A. Stolberg‐Stolberg Bridgette D. Furman N. William Garrigues Jaewoo Lee David S. Pisetsky Nancy A. Stearns Louis E. DeFrate Farshid Guilak Steven A. Olson 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2013,31(8):1283-1292
Post‐traumatic arthritis (PTA) frequently develops after intra‐articular fracture of weight bearing joints. Loss of cartilage viability and post‐injury inflammation have both been implicated as possible contributing factors to PTA progression. To further investigate chondrocyte response to impact and fracture, we developed a blunt impact model applying 70%, 80%, or 90% surface‐to‐surface compressive strain with or without induction of an articular fracture in a cartilage explant model. Following mechanical loading, chondrocyte viability, and apoptosis were assessed. Culture media were evaluated for the release of double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) and immunostimulatory activity via nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) activity in Toll‐like receptor (TLR) ‐expressing Ramos‐Blue reporter cells. High compressive strains, with or without articular fracture, resulted in significantly reduced chondrocyte viability. Blunt impact at 70% strain induced a loss in viability over time through a combination of apoptosis and necrosis, whereas blunt impact above 80% strain caused predominantly necrosis. In the fracture model, a high level of primarily necrotic chondrocyte death occurred along the fracture edges. At sites away from the fracture, viability was not significantly different than controls. Interestingly, both dsDNA release and NF‐κB activity in Ramos‐Blue cells increased with blunt impact, but was only significantly increased in the media from fractured cores. This study indicates that the mechanism of trauma determines the type of chondrocyte death and the potential for post‐injury inflammation. (c) 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1283–1292, 2013 相似文献
5.
Farshid Amirabdollahian Salvatore Livatino Behrad Vahedi Radhika Gudipati Patrick Sheen Shan Gawrie-Mohan Nikhil Vasdev 《Journal of robotic surgery》2018,12(1):11-25
With the successful uptake and inclusion of robotic systems in minimally invasive surgery and with the increasing application of robotic surgery (RS) in numerous surgical specialities worldwide, there is now a need to develop and enhance the technology further. One such improvement is the implementation and amalgamation of haptic feedback technology into RS which will permit the operating surgeon on the console to receive haptic information on the type of tissue being operated on. The main advantage of using this is to allow the operating surgeon to feel and control the amount of force applied to different tissues during surgery thus minimising the risk of tissue damage due to both the direct and indirect effects of excessive tissue force or tension being applied during RS. We performed a two-rater systematic review to identify the latest developments and potential avenues of improving technology in the application and implementation of haptic feedback technology to the operating surgeon on the console during RS. This review provides a summary of technological enhancements in RS, considering different stages of work, from proof of concept to cadaver tissue testing, surgery in animals, and finally real implementation in surgical practice. We identify that at the time of this review, while there is a unanimous agreement regarding need for haptic and tactile feedback, there are no solutions or products available that address this need. There is a scope and need for new developments in haptic augmentation for robot-mediated surgery with the aim of improving patient care and robotic surgical technology further. 相似文献
6.
Brian O. Diekman Nicolas Christoforou Vincent P. Willard Haosi Sun Johannah Sanchez-Adams Kam W. Leong Farshid Guilak 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(47):19172-19177
The development of regenerative therapies for cartilage injury has been greatly aided by recent advances in stem cell biology. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to provide an abundant cell source for tissue engineering, as well as generating patient-matched in vitro models to study genetic and environmental factors in cartilage repair and osteoarthritis. However, both cell therapy and modeling approaches require a purified and uniformly differentiated cell population to predictably recapitulate the physiological characteristics of cartilage. Here, iPSCs derived from adult mouse fibroblasts were chondrogenically differentiated and purified by type II collagen (Col2)-driven green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression. Col2 and aggrecan gene expression levels were significantly up-regulated in GFP+ cells compared with GFP− cells and decreased with monolayer expansion. An in vitro cartilage defect model was used to demonstrate integrative repair by GFP+ cells seeded in agarose, supporting their potential use in cartilage therapies. In chondrogenic pellet culture, cells synthesized cartilage-specific matrix as indicated by high levels of glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen and low levels of type I and type X collagen. The feasibility of cell expansion after initial differentiation was illustrated by homogenous matrix deposition in pellets from twice-passaged GFP+ cells. Finally, atomic force microscopy analysis showed increased microscale elastic moduli associated with collagen alignment at the periphery of pellets, mimicking zonal variation in native cartilage. This study demonstrates the potential use of iPSCs for cartilage defect repair and for creating tissue models of cartilage that can be matched to specific genetic backgrounds. 相似文献
7.
Supranormal differential renal function in unilateral hydronephrotic kidney: Insights from functional MR urography
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
8.
Jila Yavarian Farshid Rezaei Azadeh Shadab Mahmood Soroush Mohammad Mehdi Gooya Talat Mokhtari Azad 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(2):362-364
During January 2013–August 2014, a total of 1,800 patients in Iran who had respiratory illness were tested for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. A cluster of 5 cases occurred in Kerman Province during May–July 2014, but virus transmission routes for some infections were unclear. 相似文献
9.
Journal of Digital Imaging - Accurate information of the lung shape analysis and its anatomical variations is very noticeable in medical imaging. The normal variations of the lung shape can be... 相似文献