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The true risk of COVID‐19 infection in anorexia nervosa (AN) including the duration of viral RNA shedding and infectivity is still unclear. We report on a case of a patient with severe AN with a mild course of COVID‐19 and prolonged viral RNA shedding for at least 39 days after symptom onset. A careful evaluation of long‐term infectivity must include viral load, live virus isolation, and viral genome sequencing. 相似文献
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Bonnie R. Valgaeren Bart Pardon Evy Goossens Stefanie Verherstraeten Sophie Roelandt Leen Timbermont Nicky Van Der Vekens Sabrina Stuyvaert Linde Gille Laura Van Driessche Freddy Haesebrouck Richard Ducatelle Filip Van Immerseel Piet Deprez 《Toxins》2015,7(7):2586-2597
Enterotoxaemia is a disease with a high associated mortality rate, affecting beef and veal calves worldwide, caused by C. perfringens alpha toxin and perfringolysin. A longitudinal study was conducted to determine the dynamics of antibodies against these toxins in 528 calves on 4 beef and 15 veal farms. The second study aimed to determine the effect of solid feed intake on the production of antibodies against alpha toxin and perfringolysin. The control group only received milk replacer, whereas in the test group solid feed was provided. Maternal antibodies for alpha toxin were present in 45% of the veal calves and 66% of the beef calves. In beef calves a fluent transition from maternal to active immunity was observed for alpha toxin, whereas almost no veal calves developed active immunity. Perfringolysin antibodies significantly declined both in veal and beef calves. In the second study all calves were seropositive for alpha toxin throughout the experiment and solid feed intake did not alter the dynamics of alpha and perfringolysin antibodies. In conclusion, the present study showed that veal calves on a traditional milk replacer diet had significantly lower alpha toxin antibodies compared to beef calves in the risk period for enterotoxaemia, whereas no differences were noticed for perfringolysin. 相似文献
4.
Hatta M Goris MG Heerkens E Gooskens J Smits HL 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2002,66(4):416-421
Application of a dipstick assay for the detection of Salmonella typhi-specific IgM antibodies on samples collected from S. typhi or S. paratyphi culture-positive patients at the day of admission to the hospital revealed the presence of specific IgM antibodies in 43.5%, 92.9%, and 100% for samples collected 4-6 days, 6-9 days, and > 9 days after the onset of fever, respectively. The mean sensitivity for samples collected an average of 6.6 days after the onset of fever was 65.3%. Culture was positive in 65.9% of the cases with a final clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever. Testing of paired serum samples from culture negative patients with a final clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever resulted in staining of the dipstick in 4.3% of the samples collected at the day of admission to the hospital and in 76.6% of the samples collected one week later, thereby provided strong supporting evidence of typhoid fever by demonstrating seroconversion in a large proportion of the patients. The dipstick assay may thus also be useful for the serodiagnosis of culture-negative patients with clinical signs and symptoms consistent with typhoid fever. The advantages of the dipstick assay are that the result can be obtained on the same day allowing a prompt treatment, that only a small volume of serum is needed, and that no special laboratory equipment is needed to perform the assay. The stability of the reagents of the dipstick and the simplicity of the assay allows its use in places that lack laboratory facilities. 相似文献
5.
Silvia Lee Henny Saraswati Evy Yunihastuti Rino Gani Patricia Price 《Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)》2014,155(2):149-159
When severely immunodeficient HIV/HCV co-infected patients are treated with antiretroviral therapy, it is important to know whether HCV-specific antibody responses recover and whether antibody profiles predict the occurrence of HCV-associated immune restoration disease (IRD). In 50 HIV/HCV co-infected patients, we found that antibody reactivity and titres of neutralising antibodies (nAb) to JFH-1 (HCV genotype 2a virus) increased over 48 weeks of therapy. Development of HCV IRD was associated with elevated reactivity to JFH-1 before and during the first 12 weeks of therapy. Individual analyses of HCV IRD and non-HCV IRD patients revealed a lack of an association between nAb responses and HCV viral loads. These results showed that increased HCV-specific antibody levels during therapy were associated with CD4+ T-cell recovery. Whilst genotype cross-reactive antibody responses may identify co-infected patients at risk of developing HCV IRD, neutralising antibodies to JFH-1 were not involved in suppression of HCV replication during therapy. 相似文献
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Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and its varieties are important vegetable crops worldwide. They are also well‐known, rarely reported, causes of contact allergy. As lettuce allergens and extracts are not commercially available, the allergy may be underdiagnosed. The aims of this article are to present new data on lettuce contact allergy and review the literature. Lettuce is weakly allergenic, and occupational cases are mainly reported. Using aimed patch testing in Compositae‐allergic patients, two recent Danish studies showed prevalence rates of positive lettuce reactions of 11% and 22%. The majority of cases are non‐occupational, and may partly be caused by cross‐reactivity. The sesquiterpene lactone mix seems to be a poor screening agent for lettuce contact allergy, as the prevalence of positive reactions is significantly higher in non‐occupationally sensitized patients. Because of the easy degradability of lettuce allergens, it is recommended to patch test with freshly cut lettuce stem and supplement this with Compositae mix. As contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis may present as dermatitis, it is important to perform prick–to–prick tests, and possibly scratch patch tests as well. Any person who is occupationally exposed to lettuce for longer periods, especially atopics, amateur gardeners, and persons keeping lettuce‐eating pets, is potentially at risk of developing lettuce contact allergy. 相似文献
8.
Suzanne Doesborgh Mieke van de Sandt‐Koenderman Diederik Dippel Frans van Harskamp Peter Koudstaal Evy Visch‐Brink 《Aphasiology》2013,27(3):213-222
Background: Semantic and word form cues have been shown to have long‐term effects on naming in aphasia. Multicue is a computer program that offers a variety of cues for improving word finding. It stimulates the users' independence by encouraging them to discover themselves which cues are most helpful. Aims: We investigated the effects of Multicue on naming and verbal communication. Methods & Procedures: A total of 18 individuals with aphasia caused by stroke, who had completed intensive impairment‐oriented treatment, were randomised to 10–11 hours of Multicue (n = 8) or no treatment (n = 10). Outcomes & Results: Only the Multicue group improved on the Boston Naming Test. However, mean improvement did not differ significantly between the treated and untreated groups, neither for the BNT (95% CI: ?4.5 to 26.1), nor for the ANELT‐A (95% CI: ?2.4 to 9.4). Conclusions: In the chronic phase of aphasia, following impairment‐oriented treatment, Multicue may have a beneficial effect on word finding in picture naming, but not on verbal communication. The effect of Multicue may be the result either of self‐cueing or of improved access. The lack of generalisation to verbal communication is discussed. 相似文献
9.
In a study of 96 randomly selected male subjects between 40 and 60 yr of age a set of sociological variables and age were studied in relation to each of the variables systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking and serum cholesterol. Low-order correlations were found. Systolic blood pressure, however, co-varied significantly with discrepancy between social group and educational level, the “self-made man” having higher blood pressure level. Cigarette smoking co-varied with reports of conflicts with teachers during school years. 相似文献
10.
Vierstraete E Verleyen P Baggerman G D'Hertog W Van den Bergh G Arckens L De Loof A Schoofs L 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2004,101(2):470-475
Insects respond to microbial infection by the rapid and transient expression of several genes encoding antibacterial peptides. In this paper we describe a powerful technique, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, that, when combined with mass spectrometry, can be used to study the immune response of Drosophila melanogaster at the protein level. By comparatively analyzing the hemolymph proteome of 2,000 third-instar Drosophila larvae, we identified 10 differential proteins that appear in the fruit fly hemolymph very early after an immune-challenge with lipopolysaccharides. These proteins can be assigned to the immune response, because they are not induced after sterile injury. Reduction of integral variability or quantification problems related to conventional two-dimensional electrophoresis and improvement of image analysis were achieved by the use of two fluorescent dyes to label the two different protein samples. Some of the immune-induced proteins, such as thioester-containing protein 2, can be assigned to specific aspects of the immune response; others were already reported as being involved in stress response. An immune-induced protein (CG18594) is homologous to a mammalian serine protease inhibitor that mediates the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the NF-kappa B signaling pathways. In addition, a number of proteins that had not been associated with the immune response before were isolated and identified, and some of these were still present in the hemolymph 4 h after injury. Determining the function of all of these immune-induced proteins represents an exciting challenge for increasing our knowledge of insect immunity. 相似文献