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Janna Lesser Deborah Koniak-Griffin Evelyn Gonzalez-Figueroa Rong Huang William G Cumberland 《The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care》2007,18(2):18-27
Pregnant and parenting adolescents living in inner cities are at risk for acquiring HIV through unprotected sexual activity. In addition to individual risk behaviors, a lack of socioeconomic and other environmental resources create risk environments that make certain communities vulnerable to both adolescent pregnancy and HIV/AIDS. Research indicates that adolescent parents, many who have histories of childhood trauma, may use their experience of young parenthood and the concomitant feelings of parental protectiveness as a source of renewed hope for their future. The purpose of this report is to explore the relationship between history of childhood abuse and high risk behaviors in adolescent Latino mothers and fathers enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a culturally rooted, couple-focused HIV prevention program. In addition, this report describes the HIV prevention program that was designed specifically for young Latino parents wherein maternal and paternal protectiveness are viewed as intrinsic and developing critical factors that promote resiliency and motivate behavioral change. 相似文献
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Abstract Several methods have been used to predict successful weaning and extubation among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The objective of this study is to determine whether carbon dioxide recruitment threshold (PCO2 RT) can be used as adjunct to conventional weaning parameters to predict early weaning and successful extubation. Twelve COPD patients who were ready to be extubated based on conventional weaning parameters were divided into group A ( n = 7) and group B ( n = 5). Group A were those patients with better weaning parameters and hence a higher probability of successful extubation as compared to group B. Carbon dioxide apnoeic threshold (PCO2 AT) was obtained by hyperventilating the patient using an increment of two breaths per min until apnoea occurs. At this point, the PCO2 AT or the PaCO2 during said apnoeic period was recorded. A dead space of 150 cc is then added to the circuit until the patient starts to breathe as evidenced by the sensitivity trigger indicator. The PCO2 obtained at this period is termed PCO2 RT. After weaning for 30 min on a T-tube, another arterial blood gas is determined and this is called the PCO2 SB or the CO2 level after 30 min on spontaneous breathing. If the PCO2 SB-PCO2 RT difference is high with a sensitivity of 85.71% and specificity of 100% vs sensitivity of 57.14% and specificity of 60% using the conventional weaning parameters. Thus an increase in PCO2 SB at 30 min T-tube is indicative of impending respiratory pump failure and that other causes of failure to wean must be investigated. 相似文献
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Evelyn A Paysse Mohamed A W Hussein Aaron M Miller Kathryn M Brady McCreery David K Coats 《Journal of AAPOS》2007,11(4):388-392
OBJECTIVE: To compare structural and functional outcomes and efficiency of diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) when delivered in a pulsed mode versus a near-continuous mode. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of 138 patients who underwent diode laser photocoagulation for threshold ROP using either pulsed or near-continuous delivery. Laser-related complications and structural and functional outcomes were analyzed. Prospectively, time efficiency and total energy used were evaluated in nine infants with bilateral symmetric high-risk prethreshold ROP in which one eye of each infant was randomized to pulsed and the fellow eye to near-continuous delivery. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups with regards to prevalence of posterior disease (Zone 1 or posterior Zone 2) (p = 0.11), postoperative vitreous haze (p = 0.60), postoperative complications (p = 0.38), retinal detachment (p = 0.90), strabismus (p = 0.73), amblyopia (p = 0.69), or refractive error (p = 0.95). Mean time for treatment was 23 minutes using pulsed delivery versus 14 minutes per eye with near-continuous delivery (p < 0.001). The mean total power used per eye with pulsed mode delivery was 1.5 x 10(5) W versus 1.1 x 10(5) W with near-continuous delivery (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: No differences in complications, functional outcome, or structural outcome were found between using pulsed mode and near-continuous mode diode laser delivery for high-risk ROP. Near-continuous laser delivery, in our hands, was more time-efficient and used less total power. 相似文献
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Plaque composition and its relationship with acknowledged shear stress patterns in coronary arteries. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Margaret J. Tango Evelyn Safaris Margarita Romanella Atousa Aminian Marina Katerelos Christine Somerwille RIek G. Tearle Martin J. Pearse Anthony J.E d'Apice 《Xenotransplantation》1997,4(1):25-33
Abstract: Transgenic expression of the human complement regulatory molecule CD59 in mice and genetic deletion of the major xenoantigen galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal KO) each resulted in partial protection of spleen cells from lysis by human serum. These protective effects were additive when the two genetic modifications were combined. However, when the effects of these genetic modifications were examined in an ex vivo model in which mouse hearts were perfused with human plasma, it was Gal KO which was the modification which determined protection. CD59 expression alone was not protective and CD59 expression in combination with Gal knockout did not result in a significant additional increase in protection over and above that provided by Gal knockout alone. The likely explanation for this discrepancy between the in vitro and ex vivo data is that the H2-Kb promoter used to drive CD59 expression results I in substantially less expression on endothelium than on spleen cells. 相似文献
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Early Determinants of Adult Metabolic Regulation: Effects of Infant Nutrition on Adult Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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It has recently been shown that it is possible to discriminate accurately among myoelectric signals underlying different muscle
contraction types, specifically elbow flexion and extension and forearm pronation and supination. It was reported that once
a number of distinctive features had been extracted from the myoelectric signals, a neural network could be trained to distinguish
the contraction types with an impressively high accuracy. In the present paper, we show that a technique known as parallel
cascade identification can be used to construct classifiers that can also accurately, differentiate the contraction types.
The use of parallel cascades has the benefit of dispensing with the need for feature extraction, so that raw myoelectric signal
data can be used directly. In addition, very little data are required to train the parallel cascades to distinguish accurately
novel incoming myoelectric signals. Results of using parallel cascades to distinguish foream pronation, supination, and elbow
flexion are presented. 相似文献
10.
Josephine Goldmark was one of those remarkable early-twentieth-century American women who, while seeking independence and fulfillment in their own lives, devoted themselves to humanitarian causes and social reform. She was deeply involved in efforts to improve working conditions for women and children. Her work led her into the arena of nursing, especially public health nursing, where she contributed significantly to the development of the profession. 相似文献