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排序方式: 共有699条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Eija Heikkinen MNSc RN Merja Nikkonen PhD RN & Helena Aavarinne PhD RN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1998,27(5):1069-1075
The definition of envy is commonly based on psychoanalytical views of organizational culture. The purpose of this paper is to describe envy in a nursing community. The population study consisted of random sample of 120 subjects drawn from among the employees of one central hospital in Finland. The study material consisted of data collected by questionnaires (response rate 65%). The data were processed by various statistical methods. Open-ended questions were analysed by inductive content analysis. The results of this study indicated that the employee's view of his/her official position in the nursing community, his/her relationships with his/her fellow workers and the management as well as relationships with other nursing communities are all related to envy. The employee's view of his/her official position intensified his/her feelings of envy, if he/she had other negative feelings, anxiety, dissatisfaction with him/herself, and negative feelings towards fellow workers. The major object of envy was fellow workers' salaries. Envy towards other nursing communities was generated by alleged differences in the amount of labour, or by the charge nurse's greater interest in other sections. Employees coped with envy by hiding these feelings and being modest. Women coped with envy by being silent, while men denied the value of the object of envy. 相似文献
2.
Elisa Kantola-Sorsa Eija Gaily Mirva Isoaho Marit Korkman 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2007,13(4):642-652
The study investigated the nature of the effects of maternal epilepsy on cognitive performance of the offspring. One hundred fifty-four children of mothers with epilepsy aged 5 to 11 years (study group), along with 130 control children, comparable with respect to IQ, socio-economic status, age, and gender underwent a neuropsychological assessment using subtests from the NEPSY: A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, tapping attentional, auditory-verbal, visuomotor, fine motor, and memory abilities. The study group scored significantly lower than the controls on measures of attention, memory, and fine-motor function. Deficits were more marked in but not limited to the subset of the study group exposed to maternal medication in utero. Group differences on auditory attention were found only in younger children. Valproate-exposed children obtained lower scores on sentence repetition, as well as on the more demanding part of a test of auditory attention, than other children in the study group, suggesting weaknesses in working memory in the former subgroup. Confounding by maternal epilepsy type and polytherapy complicate interpretation of this finding. Differences between subsets of children not exposed to anti-epileptic drugs in utero and controls suggest that both drug exposure and genetic factors may contribute to cognitive deficits associated with maternal epilepsy. 相似文献
3.
Eija Kattainen Pirkko Meril?inen Veikko Jokela 《European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing》2004,3(2):149-163
The purpose of this study was to describe coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) patients' need for nursing informational support in health-related (HRQoL) items before and after coronary artery procedures. As well we present the adequacy of informational support from patients' viewpoint. The study sample (N=625) consisted of consecutive male (N=439) and female (N=176) patients with CAD who were treated with elective CABG or PTCA. The data were collected by structured interview before coronary artery procedures and by mailed questionnaires 6 and 12 months afterwards in 1999-2001. Patients in both groups reported needing the most information about recovery and psychosocial functioning before and after the treatments. Single HRQoL items identified that the expectations of women and men differed during the follow-up period. Women in the PTCA group needed more informational support than men before procedures, while men needed more support afterwards. Our results suggest that the content of informational support is different for male and female patients before and after the coronary artery procedures. The effects of nursing interventions and instruments for measuring change in patients' outcome resulting from nursing interventions should be developed further. 相似文献
4.
Marianne Gripenberg Marjatta Leirisalo Eija Johansson Gustaf Gripenberg 《Journal of clinical immunology》1985,5(5):314-320
In this retrospective study 103 serum samples from 16 females with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), obtained during a mean follow-up time of 2 years, were investigated for the presence of anti-denatured [single-stranded (ss)] DNA antibodies of the IgG, IgM, and IgA classes. The anti-ssDNA antibodies were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were expressed in three ways: as units derived from a single serum dilution and as two parameters,E andA, calculated from the dose-response curve,E being an estimate of the effective amount of antibodies andA a function of the reaction constant between the antigen and the antibody. The simultaneous occurrence of anti-ssDNA antibodies of all three immunoglobulin classes was seen most often in the patients with the shortest duration of the disease. Clinically active disease was found to correlate with high reaction constants of the IgA anti-ssDNA antibodies. There was also an association between the IgA anti-ssDNA antibody levels and the presence of nephritis. Great fluctuations in the amounts of effective antibodies of the IgG class were seen in seven patients, in six of whom changes in the disease activity also were seen. Changes in the disease activity were unaccompanied by fluctuations in the IgG anti-ssDNA levels in four patients; two of these patients were positive for antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens. We conclude that it is of value to express the results of the anti-ssDNA ELISA as a function of the dose-response curve when monitoring patients with SLE and that immunoglobulin class-specific determinations of anti-ssDNA antibodies may provide information about the disease activity in many patients with SLE. 相似文献
5.
Mira Karrasch Matti Laine Juha O Rinne Pekka Rapinoja Eija Sinerv? Christina M Krause 《International journal of psychophysiology》2006,59(2):168-178
We report preliminary findings on EEG oscillatory correlates of working memory in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Event-related desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) of the 1-20 Hz EEG frequencies were studied using wavelet transforms in elderly controls, MCI patients and mild probable AD patients performing an auditory-verbal Sternberg memory task. Behaviourally, the AD patients made more errors than the controls and the MCI group. Statistically significant differences during the encoding of the memory set were found between the controls and the MCI group, such that the latter group showed ERD in the approximately 10-20 Hz frequencies. The findings may reflect different, compensatory encoding strategies in MCI. During retrieval, the most obvious differences were observed between the controls and the AD group: the ERD in the approximately 7-17 Hz frequencies was absent in the AD group particularly in anterior and left temporal electrode locations. This finding might indicate that AD is associated with deficient lexical-semantic processing during the retrieval phase in working memory tasks. Future studies with larger patient groups are needed to establish the diagnostic value of ERD/ERS patterns in MCI and AD. 相似文献
6.
Radiological parameters of the bony nasopharynx and the adenotonsillar size compared with sleep apnea episodes in children 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E Laurikainen M Erkinjuntti J Alihanka H Rikalainen 《International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology》1987,12(3):303-310
The role of enlarged adenoids and tonsils in recurrent respiratory infections and upper airway obstruction has become well-established earlier. In this study we investigated the relationship between the X-ray properties of the nasopharynx and the sleep quality by using a new sleep registration method: The Static Charge Sensitive Bed (SCSB). The estimation of the bony nasopharyngeal dimensions, the measurement of adenotonsillar volume and the sleep recordings were performed as adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy in hospitalized children. A surprisingly high frequency of sleep apnea episodes was found in sleep recordings of about 8 h. No correlations could be established between the X-ray anatomical estimates and sleep apnea episodes. 相似文献
7.
Marjorie A. White Janice Grzankowski Eija Paavilainen Påivi Åstedt-Kurki Marita Paunonen-Ilmonen 《Issues in mental health nursing》2013,34(6-7):707-722
The purpose of this study was to describe family dynamics of Finnish families in which there is abuse or neglect of a child in that family. One adult from 41 families with recognized child abuse/neglect completed the Family Dynamics Measure II (FDM II) consisting of six dimensions of family life, and answered questions about problems, changes and illnesses. Nurses and social workers in community health care and social agencies identified potential subjects in their agencies and collected data. Four of the six dimensions of the FDM II reached statistical significance ( p =. 05) with child age and number of children, education, marital status, and age of respondent. They are: Flexibility vs. rigidity, Stability vs. disorganization, Clear vs. distorted communication, and Role reciprocity vs. role conflict. FDM II is useful in identifying several of the less positive family dynamics dimensions in abuse:neglect families. Conclusions for clinical management cannot be drawn at this time. 相似文献
8.
9.
Laura Vkiparta Tarja Suominen Eija Paavilainen Jari Kylm 《Scandinavian journal of caring sciences》2019,33(4):765-778
The aim of this integrative review was to describe interventions aimed at reducing seclusion and mechanical restraint use in adult psychiatric inpatient units and their possible outcomes. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Medic databases were searched for studies published between 2008 and 2017. Based on electronic and manual searches, 28 studies were included, and quality appraisal was carried out. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Interventions to proactively address seclusion were environmental interventions, staff training, treatment planning, use of information and risk assessment. Interventions to respond to seclusion risk were patient involvement, family involvement, meaningful activities, sensory modulation and interventions to manage patient agitation. Interventions to proactively address mechanical restraint were mechanical restraint regulations, a therapeutic atmosphere, staff training, treatment planning and review of mechanical restraint risks. Interventions to respond to mechanical restraint risks included patient involvement, therapeutic activities, sensory modulation and interventions to manage agitation. Outcomes related to both seclusion and mechanical restraint reduction interventions were varied, with several interventions resulting in both reduced and unchanged or increased use. Outcomes were also reported for combinations of several interventions in the form of reduction programmes for both seclusion and mechanical restraint. Much of the research focused on implementing several interventions simultaneously, making it difficult to distinguish outcomes. Further research is suggested on the effectiveness of interventions and the contexts they are implemented in. 相似文献
10.
Hereditary hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutations C282Y, H63D and S65C in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hannuksela J Leppilampi M Peuhkurinen K Kärkkäinen S Saastamoinen E Heliö T Kaartinen M Nieminen MS Nieminen P Parkkila S 《European journal of heart failure》2005,7(1):103-108
BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a common autosomal recessive disease, leads to excessive iron accumulation in some organs, including the heart. It is therefore not surprising that cardiomyopathy is one of the most severe complications of HH. The HFE gene defects have been thought to contribute to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) in some patients, even though the results of genotype analyses have so far been contradictory. Hence we set out here to evaluate the prevalence and potential role of HFE mutations in patients with IDCM. METHODS: A total of 91 IDCM patients and 102 controls were subjected to HFE mutation analyses, in which C282Y, H63D and S65C mutations were determined for each patient. We also analyzed the impact of the C282Y and H63D mutations on the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classes. RESULTS: The prevalences of heterozygosity for the C282Y, H63D and S65C mutations in the IDCM patients were 13.2%, 22.0% and 2.2%, respectively. LVEDD was significantly higher (P=0.037) in those with the C282Y mutation at the end of the follow-up period than in those with no mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed no significant deviations in C282Y, H63D and S65C mutation frequencies between the IDCM patients and controls, suggesting that these mutations do not increase the risk of IDCM. Heterozygosity for the C282Y mutation may nevertheless be a modifying factor contributing to LV dilatation and remodeling. 相似文献