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1.
2.
A. G. Douglas-Jones H. Navabi J. M. Morgan B. Jasani 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1997,430(5):373-379
Immunocytochemically detectable MT and p53 have been found more commonly in comedo DCIS of the breast with high-grade cytology.
The aim of this study is to confirm these findings and to investigate the relationship between MT and p53 in a single large
series of cases of DCIS of the breast. To this end, 127 cases of DCIS were classified histologically according to architecture,
cytonuclear differentiation (grade), presence and extent of intraduct necrosis, and using the Van Nuys system. Sections were
immunostained for p53 and MT (E9) using established techniques, and the extent and intensity of staining were assessed semi-quantitively.
The results confirmed that there was generally more MT and p53 positivity in poorly differentiated (grade 3) DCIS with extensive
necrosis and that MT expression was greater in grade 2 lesions than p53 expression. However, overall there was no statistically
significant correlation between p53 and MT staining. The results indicate that MT and p53 overexpression may arise from independent
mechanisms in early breast neoplasia.
Received: 3 July 1996 / Accepted: 5 November 1996 相似文献
3.
4.
G. P. Sadler S. McGee N. S. Dallimore I. J. Monypenny A. G. Douglas-Jones Mr K. Lyons K. Horgan 《The British journal of surgery》1994,81(9):1315-1317
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays a key role in the preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of the breast but is less reliable in the diagnosis of infiltrating lobular carcinoma. The method of diagnosis was reviewed in 56 patients with lobular carcinoma who had attended screening and symptomatic clinics. In 29 patients FNAC results demonstrated malignant cells; 15 of these had palpable disease and the mean tumour size was 21 mm. In 27 patients FNAC failed to demonstrate malignant cells; 13 lesions were palpable and the mean tumour size was 23 mm. Ten patients were diagnosed by needle-core biopsy when FNAC was not diagnostic. FNAC may fail to diagnose even large lobular carcinoma and needle-core biopsy is strongly recommended in this situation. 相似文献
5.
AG Nettetal 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(11):664-666
Abstrakt 1. Nimmt ein Patient einen ihm von seinem (Zahn-)Arzt einger?umten Exklusiv-Termin nicht wahr, obwohl er auf dessen Eigenschaft
ausdrücklich hingewiesen wurde, so hat er dem (Zahn-)Arzt den Behandlungsausfall abzüglich eines angemessenen Eigenanteils
des (Zahn-)Arztes zu ersetzen.
2. Die Ersatzpflicht tritt auch dann ein, wenn der Patient den Termin nicht in der in dem Behandlungsvertrag vorgesehenen
Frist absagt. Eine hierfür seitens des (Zahn-)Arztes bestimmte Frist von zwei Tagen vor Behandlungsbeginn stellt sich für
den Patienten grunds?tzlich auch nicht als unangemessene Benachteiligung i.S. des § 307 BGB dar.
3. Ein Anspruch des Arztes entf?llt auch bei nur mündlicher Vereinbarung nicht unter dem Gesichtspunkt des § 4 Abs. 5b BMV-Z,
denn diese Vorschrift ist teleologisch dahin zu reduzieren, dass nur zahn?rztliche Honoraransprüche aus erfolgten Behandlungen
schriftlich vereinbart werden müssen. Soweit es jedoch um einen vertraglichen Anspruch wegen einer Leistungsst?rung geht,
vermag das Schriftformerfordernis des § 4 Abs. 5b BMV-Z grunds?tzlich nicht einzugreifen. (Leits?tze des Bearbeiters) 相似文献
6.
7.
Early during rat thymus ontogeny, an important proportion of thymocytes
expresses IL-2R and contains IL-2 mRNA. To investigate the role of the
IL-2-IL-2R complex in rat T cell maturation, we supplied either recombinant
rat IL-2 or blocking anti-CD25 mAb to rat fetal thymus organ cultures
(FTOC) under several experimental conditions. The IL-2 treatment initially
stimulated the growth of thymocytes and, as a result, induced T cell
differentiation, but the continuous addition of IL-2 to rat FTOC, as well
as the anti-CD25 administration, resulted in cell number decrease and
inhibition of thymocyte maturation. These results indicate that immature
rat thymocytes bear functional high- affinity IL-2R and that IL-2 promotes
T cell differentiation as a consequence of its capacity to stimulate cell
proliferation. Modifications in TCR alpha beta repertoire and increased
numbers of NKR- P1+ cells, largely NK cells, were also observed in
IL-2-treated FTOC. Furthermore, IL-2-responsiveness of different thymocyte
subsets changed throughout thymic ontogeny. Immature CD4-CD8-cells
responded to IL-2 in two stages, early in thymus development and around
birth, in correlation with the maturation of two distinct waves of thymic
cell progenitors. Mature CD8+ thymocytes maximally responded to IL-2 around
birth, supporting a role for IL-2 in the increased proliferation of mature
thymocytes observed in vivo in the perinatal period. Taken together, these
findings support a role for IL-2 in rat T cell development.
相似文献
8.
Douglas-Jones AG Logan J Morgan JM Johnson R Williams R 《Journal of clinical pathology》2002,55(8):581-586
AIMS: To determine important factors influencing recurrence after local excision of duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extent (size) in millimetres, classification (by cytonuclear grade (NHSBSP system), by extent of necrosis, and by the Van Nuys system), and excision margins of 115 cases of screen detected DCIS treated by local excision were measured. A prognostic index was calculated by the addition of the Van Nuys classification (low grade, 1; moderate grade, 2; high grade, 3), margin score (> or = 10 mm, 1; 1-9 mm, 2; < 1 mm, 3), and size score (< or = 15 mm, 1; 16-40 mm, 2; and > or = 41 mm, 3), giving a total score of 3-9. RESULTS: Classification using cytonuclear grade, extent of necrosis, or the Van Nuys system did not correlate significantly with recurrence. The excision margin (in millimetres) was associated with recurrence (p = 0.027) and if excision margin status was simplified using the scoring system (> or = 10 mm, 1; 1-9 mm, 2; < 1 mm, 3), the margin score was significantly associated with recurrence (p = 0.03). A prognostic index based on the Van Nuys score, margin status, and size was significantly associated with recurrence (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The results support the hypothesis that the margin of excision is the most important factor predicting the recurrence of DCIS after local excision. 相似文献
9.
Ghosh D; Stewart DR; Nayak NR; Lasley BL; Overstreet JW; Hendrickx AG; Sengupta J 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(5):914-920
The present study was undertaken to assess the temporal association between
the profiles of serum concentrations of oestradiol-17beta, progesterone,
chorionic gonadotrophin (CG) and relaxin in pregnancies established
naturally, and after embryo transfer, as well as in failed pregnancies in
rhesus monkeys. In naturally mated cycles (group 1) a conception rate of
75% was obtained. In group 1, the mean day of CG detection in serum was
11.5 +/- 1.9 day post-ovulation, and for relaxin, 9.0 +/- 2.5 day
post-ovulation. In group 2, embryo transfer to synchronous, non-mated
surrogate recipients was performed; seven embryo transfer cycles yielded
three pregnancies which were allowed to continue to term and normal infants
were delivered. In embryo transfer cycles the mean day of CG detection was
14.8 +/- 1.8 day post- ovulation, and for relaxin, 11.4 +/- 2.6 day
post-ovulation. A delay of about 3 days was observed in the appearance in
circulation of CG (P < 0.05) and also of relaxin (P < 0.05) between
natural mated and embryo transfer conception cycles. Significant
differences (P < 0.05 for progesterone and P < 0.03 for oestradiol)
were obtained for the areas under the curves for progesterone and
oestradiol between days 12 and 16 in conception cycles compared with failed
pregnancies. These data provide the first observation of the normal
hormonal signals associated with maternal recognition of transferred
embryos during the peri- implantation period, and suggest that the use of
such an experimental primate embryo transfer model may help to elucidate
components of maternal and embryonic signal-response mechanisms during
embryo implantation.
相似文献
10.
A rapid microagglutination test for the diagnosis of Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1) infection 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
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A rapid microagglutination test has been developed which can be performed in 30 minutes. Ninety-seven percent of 96 patients diagnosed as having Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1) infection by indirect immunofluorescence were also detected by the rapid microagglutination test. 相似文献