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乳腺管状小叶癌(Tubulolobular carcinoma,TLC)最初是被作为小叶癌的管状变型。作者总结了27例TLC的组织学、免疫表型和临床特征,并与纯小管癌和经典型小叶癌进行了比较。此组患者年龄43-79岁(中位年龄60岁)。1例双侧乳腺受累,5例病变为多灶性。肿瘤直径0.5-2.5cm,色灰褐,质硬。组织学观察:TLC的肿瘤细胞形成管状和条索状两种结构模式并相互混杂,且两者比例相当(统称为管状小叶模式)。 相似文献
5.
Germline mutations of the CDKN2 gene in UK melanoma families 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Harland M; Meloni R; Gruis N; Pinney E; Brookes S; Spurr NK; Frischauf AM; Bataille V; Peters G; Cuzick J; Selby P; Bishop DT; Bishop JN 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(12):2061-2067
Germline mutations in CDKN2 on chromosome 9p21, which codes for the cyclin
D kinase inhibitor p16, and more rarely, mutations in the gene coding for
CDK4, the protein to which p16 binds, underlie susceptibility in some
melanoma families. We have sequenced all exons of CDKN2 and analysed the
CDK4 gene for mutations in 27 UK families showing evidence of
predisposition to melanoma. Five different germline mutations in CDKN2 were
found in six families. Three of the mutations (Met53Ile, Arg24Pro and
23ins24) have been reported previously. We have identified two novel CDKN2
mutations (88delG and Ala118Thr) which are likely to be associated with the
development of melanoma, because of their co-segregation with the disease
and their likely functional effect on the CDKN2 protein. In binding assays
the protein expressed from the previously described mutation, Met53Ile, did
not bind to CDK4/CDK6, confirming its role as a causal mutation in the
development of melanoma. Ala118Thr appeared to be functional in this assay.
Arg24Pro appeared to bind to CDK6, but not to CDK4. No mutations were
detected in exon 2 of CDK4, suggesting that causal mutations in this gene
are uncommon. The penetrance of these mutant CDKN2 genes is not yet
established, nor is the risk of non-melanoma cancer to gene carriers.
相似文献
6.
Marcio Covas Moschovas Seetharam Bhat Marco Sandri Travis Rogers Fikret Onol Elio Mazzone Shannon Roof Alexandre Mottrie Vipul Patel 《European urology》2021,79(3):393-404
BackgroundUse of the single-port da Vinci SP robotic platform for various urological procedures has been described by several groups. However, the comparative performance of the SP robot in relation to earlier models such as the da Vinci Xi is still unclear.ObjectiveTo compare intraoperative and short-term postoperative outcomes between the da Vinci Xi and SP robots for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) in a referral center.Design, setting, and participantsData were prospectively collected for patients undergoing RP from June 2019 to April 2020 in a single center. The da Vinci SP was used for 71 patients and the da Vinci Xi for 875 patients. After propensity score (PS) matching, two groups of 71 patients were selected for the comparative study.InterventionRP via a transperitoneal approach using the same technique steps and anatomy access with both robot consoles.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisA PS analysis was performed using the covariates age, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, Sexual Health Inventory for Men score, American Urological Association symptom score, prostate size, prostate-specific antigen levels, Gleason score, D’Amico risk group, and degree of nerve-sparing. Intraoperative performance and short-term functional (continence and potency) and oncological outcomes were compared between the groups.Results and limitationsMedian follow-up was 4.4 mo (interquartile range [IQR] 1.6–7.2) for the SP group and 3.2 mo (IQR 1.6–4.8) for the Xi group (p = 0.2). The median total operative time and median console time were both significantly higher in the SP group, with median differences of 14 min (95% confidence interval [CI] 9–19) and 5 min (95% CI 0–5), respectively. The proportion of patients with blood loss of >100 ml was significantly lower in the SP group (difference of 27%, 95% CI 12–42%). No intra- or postoperative complications were reported in either group. There were no significant differences in pain scores at 6, 12, and 18 h or in positive surgical margin rates between the groups. The SP group had a significantly higher percentage of extraprostatic extension than the Xi group (difference of 16%, 95% CI 4.6–27%). None of the patients experienced biochemical recurrence during follow-up. The difference in continence rates at 45 d between the SP and Xi groups was 11% (95% CI ?5.6% to 28%) and the difference in potency rates at 45 d was ?7.3% (95% CI ?21% to 6.2%). The short-term follow-up for comparison of functional and oncological outcomes is a limitation.ConclusionsDespite differences in trocar placement and technology between the two da Vinci consoles, the SP has satisfactory intraoperative performance compared to the Xi. SP surgery can be performed safely and effectively during the initial learning phase. However, longer-term follow-up is needed to provide further evidence on the impact of SP implementation on functional and oncological outcomes.Patient summaryWe compared intraoperative and short-term postoperative outcomes for patients who underwent radical prostatectomy using two different robots, the da Vinci Xi and the single-port da Vinci SP. We found that operative time was longer for the Single Port console. Studies with long-term follow-up are needed to compare the functional and oncological outcomes. 相似文献
7.
Zafer Tandogdu Justin Collins Greg Shaw Jennifer Rohn Bela Koves Ashwin Sachdeva Ahmed Ghazi Alexander Haese Alex Mottrie Anup Kumar Ananthakrishnan Sivaraman Ashutosh Tewari Benjamin Challacombe Bernardo Rocco Camilo Giedelman Christian Wagner Craig G. Rogers Declan G. Murphy Dmitry Pushkar Gabriel Ogaya-Pinies James Porter Kulthe Ramesh Seetharam Markus Graefen Marcelo A. Orvieto Marcio Covas Moschovas Oscar Schatloff Peter Wiklund Rafael Coelho Rair Valero Theo M. de Reijke Thomas Ahlering Travis Rogers Henk G. van der Poel Vipul Patel Walter Artibani Florian Wagenlehner Kris Maes Koon H. Rha Senthil Nathan Truls Erik Bjerklund Johansen Peter Hawkey John Kelly 《BJU international》2021,127(6):729-741
8.
Skin tumors induced in mice by initiation-promotion (2 microg DMBA-2 microg
TPA) protocols were found to be under multigenic control. Eighty- one N2
mice from the cross (BALB/cAnPt x SENCARA/Pt)F1 x SENCARA/Pt that were
either solidly resistant (no papillomas) or highly susceptible (> or = 7
papillomas/mouse) were subjected to a 'genome scan' using 89 microsatellite
markers to check for associations with susceptible and resistant
phenotypes. A locus on Chr 5 (Skts4) was found to control the
susceptibility of SENCARA/Pt mice and the resistance of BALB/cAnPt mice to
papilloma formation. In addition, higher than expected linkage scores were
seen for the markers D9Mit271, D11Mit268 and D12Mit56. Further work is
required to establish whether genes determining papilloma formation are
located in these regions of the genome. In general, no evidence was seen
for loss of heterozygosity in microsatellite markers on Chrs 5, 9 and 11 in
17 microdissected papillomas from (BALB/c x SENCARA)F1 hybrid mice.
相似文献
9.
M.T. Pinto L.D.F. Nicolete E.S. Rodrigues P.V.B. Palma M.D. Orellana S. Kashima D.T. Covas 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2013,46(8):676-680
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were first isolated from bone marrow and
then from various adult tissues including placenta, cord blood, deciduous teeth, and
amniotic fluid. MSCs are defined or characterized by their ability to adhere to
plastic, to express specific surface antigens, and to differentiate into osteogenic,
chondrogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic lineages. Although the molecular mechanisms
that control MSC proliferation and differentiation are not well understood, the
involvement of microRNAs has been reported. In the present study, we investigated the
role of miR-125b during osteoblastic differentiation in humans. We found that
miR-125b increased during osteoblastic differentiation, as well as Runx2 and ALPL
genes. To study whether the gain or loss of miR-125b function influenced osteoblastic
differentiation, we transfected MSCs with pre-miR-125b or anti-miR-125b and cultured
the transfected cells in an osteoblastic differentiation medium. After transfection,
no change was observed in osteoblastic differentiation, and Runx2, OPN, and ALPL gene
expression were not changed. These results suggest that the gain or loss of miR-125b
function does not influence levels of Runx2, OPN, and ALPL during osteoblastic
differentiation. 相似文献
10.
M I Covas A Esquerda A García-Rico N Mahy 《Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology》1992,2(3):131-135
Interest in T-lymphocyte subsets has arisen because of their involvement in the autoimmune process. Contradictory results have been published in the literature about the number of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in autoimmune diseases. In order to investigate the number and distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in autoimmune thyroid disease, the levels of total T-lymphocytes (CD3), T-helper (CD4) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8) lymphocytes were determined in 44 patients with Graves' disease (1), multinodular goiter (2) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (3). All patients had high levels of antithyroglobulin and thyroid antiperoxidase (antimicrosomal) antibodies. The T subset levels were related to the functional thyroid status, measured as serum free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin (TSH). Our data show the existence of a strong influence of functional status on CD3, CD4 and CD8 levels, as reflected in the significant correlations obtained with FT4 (negative) and TSH (positive). A significant decrease in all populations was observed in Graves' disease hyperthyroid patients. A decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio in Hashimoto's thyroiditis hypothyroid patients was observed, in contrast to an increase in the ratio in autoimmune hyperthyroid patients. This points to the CD4/CD8 ratio as a differential characteristic between the two autoimmune (hypothyroid and hyperthyroid) entities, independent of free thyroxine levels. No significant correlation was found between antithyroid antibody levels and peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets or serum levels of FT4 and TSH. 相似文献