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The effects of beta-adrenergic blockade on cardiac transcapillary exchange were examined at rest and during sympathetic stimulation. Multiple indicator dilution experiments were carried out in closed-chest anesthetized dogs at rest and during carotid occlusion, either under basal conditions or after beta-adrenergic blockade with alprenolol. beta-Adrenergic blockade at rest had no effect on coronary flow or transcapillary exchange in comparison with the control situation, but it abolished the increase in coronary flow and in the permeability/surface area product for labeled sucrose produced by carotid occlusion. High coronary resistance values in beta-blocked animals with carotid occlusion were associated with a high degree of heterogeneity in capillary transit times, but the overall relation between coronary flow and the capillary permeability/surface area product was unchanged. The findings indicate that beta-blockade increases coronary resistance during sympathetic stimulation and, simultaneously, decreases the coronary blood flow and capillary permeability/surface area product while increasing the heterogeneity of capillary transit times. 相似文献
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Bals-Pratsch M; De Geyter C; Muller T; Frieling U; Lerchl A; Pirke KM; Hanker JP; Becker-Carus C; Nieschlag E 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(5):896-904
Preliminary data have suggested that female infertility due to corpus
luteum insufficiency may be caused by subclinical hypothyroidism
[exaggerated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) response to thyrotrophin-
releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation]. L-Thyroxine supplementation has been
recommended to achieve pregnancies in subclinical hypothyroid women. This
controlled study was carried out in order to investigate the biochemical
diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism as a possible infertility factor.
Five infertile patients (aged 25-36 years) with subclinical hypothyroidism
(n = 4, stimulated TSH >20 microU/ml) or primary hypothyroidism (n = 1)
and five healthy controls (aged 22-39 years) with normal thyroid function
(stimulated TSH <15 microU/ml), regular cycles and no history of
infertility were studied in the early follicular phase. In the pre-study
evaluation, eight of 23 volunteers (34.8%) had to be excluded because of
subclinical hypothyroidism with stimulated TSH values (TSHs) >15
microU/ml. Cycle function of patients and controls was compared by the
method of LH pulse pattern analysis. Therefore blood samples were drawn
every 10 min during a 24 h period. Sleep was recorded from midnight to 7
a.m. Repetition of the TRH tests at the end of the 24 h blood sampling
period confirmed the difference in stimulated TSH values of the two study
groups. Pulse analysis for luteinizing hormone (LH), TSH and prolactin
showed no differences between patients and controls for pulse frequency,
amplitude, height, length, area under curve (AUC) and the 24 h mean. Even
the hypothyroid patient had a normal LH pulse pattern. Additional
measurement of melatonin in pooled sera every 30 min gave the
well-documented diurnal profiles during day and night for both groups.
Patients had significantly higher melatonin values at seven time points
during the night. Peaks for LH, TSH, prolactin and cortisol were correlated
with the sleep stages wake, rapid eye movement, 1 + 2 and 3 + 4. We
concluded that corpus luteum insufficiency in female infertility cannot be
explained by subclinical hypothyroidism and thus should not be treated with
L-thyroxine for fertility reasons.
相似文献
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