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1.
2.
Paul Steinbok Ken Poskitt D. Douglas Cochrane O. Olof Flodmark 《Child's nervous system》1991,7(1):16-20
Enhanced and non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) brain scans were performed within 72 h of surgery on 21 children in whom brain tumors had been resected totally or subtotally, and scans were repeated at varying intervals thereafter. Biopsies of the resection margins were performed in 12 patients at the end of the surgical procedure. The immediate CT scan showed enhancement in the resection margin in 13 of the 21 patients and in 9 of the 13, the enhancement disappeared on follow-up scans. There was discordance between the results of immediate CT scan examination and the biopsies of the resection margins in 7 of the 12 cases. The advantages and disadvantages of an immediate postoperative scan versus a more delayed CT scan are discussed. 相似文献
3.
D D Cochrane K J Poskitt M G Norman 《The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques》1991,18(2):181-195
Cerebral dysgenesis encompasses varied disorders of brain development. Based on the understanding of these conditions provided by histopathologists, embryologists, radiologists and developmental pediatricians, surgeons are able to appropriately assist in the care of these patients. The surgeon can offer assessment of the ventriculomegaly that commonly accompanies cerebral dysgenesis in addition to providing methods to control hydrocephalus, to reconstruct cranial and facial malformations and to remove dysfunctional tissue. For most patients, surgical intervention is only one of the many factors that determine developmental prognosis. Based on the foundation built by other specialists, this review discusses cerebral dysgenesis from the perspective of historical and current surgical interventions. 相似文献
4.
PADGEM (GMP140) is a component of Weibel-Palade bodies of human endothelial cells 总被引:65,自引:10,他引:55
PADGEM protein (PADGEM), also known as GMP140, is a platelet alpha- granule membrane protein that is translocated to the external membrane after platelet activation. Although the biosynthesis of this protein was originally thought to be confined to megakaryocytes, the synthesis of PADGEM in endothelial cells was recently demonstrated (McEver et al: Blood 70:1974a, 1987). We now describe the subcellular localization of this protein in endothelial cells. Immunofluorescence staining of permeabilized human umbilical vein endothelial cells with KC4, a well characterized monoclonal antibody to PADGEM, showed positively stained elongated structures similar in distribution and shape to Weibel-Palade bodies. Their identity as Weibel-Palade bodies was confirmed by double label immunofluorescence using KC4 and a polyclonal antiserum to von Willebrand factor (vWf), a protein known to be specifically stored in these organelles. All Weibel-Palade bodies were found to contain PADGEM. In contrast to strong perinuclear staining produced with anti- vWf antibodies, no significant perinuclear staining was obtained with KC4, indicating that relatively little PADGEM is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus. In endothelial cells treated with secretagogues that stimulate vWf release the elongated structures positive for PADGEM disappeared, further identifying these structures as Weibel-Palade bodies. This observation extends the parallels between Weibel-Palade bodies and alpha-granules and suggests a possible functional association between vWf and PADGEM. 相似文献
5.
Acute severe asthma: oxygen and high dose beta agonist during transfer for all? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
G M Cochrane 《Thorax》1995,50(1):1-2
6.
Aims and Objectives The significance of beaten copper appearance (BCA) on skull radiographs in children following surgery for isolated sagittal
craniosynostosis has not been studied. This study was designed to look for any correlation between BCA and symptoms suggestive
of intracranial hypertension in this group of patients.
Materials and Methods Forty-eight consecutive children, who were operated for isolated sagittal synostosis from1987 to 2000 and had postoperative
skull radiographs, were included. Patients were divided into: (a) BCA group (n = 20), consisting of children who had beaten copper appearance on skull radiographs at last follow up, and (b) Non-BCA group
(n = 28), consisting of children who did not have this finding. Records were reviewed to look for symptoms suggestive of intracranial
hypertension, such as headache, head banging, and irritability.
Results Median age at surgery was 4.8 months for BCA group and 4 months for the non-BCA group. Follow up ranged from 4 to 156 months
with a mean of 36.2 months. Total of 28.6% (n = 6) of the children with follow up radiographs done at ≤18 months of age had BCA. The incidence of BCA increased to 83.3%
in children with skull radiographs performed after 48 months of age. In 18 (90%) children, the BCA was ‘diffuse’ with 5 (25%)
children having the maximum possible score of 8. In the BCA group, 45% (n = 9) had symptoms compared to 10.7% (n = 3) in the control group (p = 0.0068).
Conclusions This study suggests a significant number of children with BCA on radiographs develop symptoms suggestive of raised ICP following
surgical treatment in infancy and prolonged follow up may be warranted in this group of patients. 相似文献
7.
Raymond Cochrane Sukhwant Singh Bal 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》1987,22(4):181-191
Summary Data are presented on rates of admission for schizophrenia for the native born and the four largest foreign born populations living in England in 1981 (Irish, Indian, Pakistani and Caribbean born). These data show that, in general, the foreign born have higher rates of admission for schizophrenia, and a higher proportion of all diagnoses accounted for by this disorder than do the native born. The exception is Pakistani born women who have conspicuously low rates. Five hypotheses are examined to account for these differences. The apparently high rates of schizophrenia found for the Indian born of both sexes, and Pakistani born men can be accounted for to a large extent by the demographic differences that exist between them and the native born. The Irish born residents of England have rates comparable with the Irish in Ireland who also show much higher rates than do the native English. There is no completely satisfactory account for the very high rates found for Caribbean born men and women but a combination of adverse post migration experiences and tendency to misdiagnose schizophrenia in this group is offered as a tentative explanation for at least some of the excess. The low rates of admission for schizophrenia of Pakistani women is attributed to a tendency on their part to opt out of the formal mental health system after an initial encounter, possibly to return to their native land. 相似文献
8.
The changes in P-P intervals and atrioventricular nodal (AVN) conduction during the Valsalva maneuver were studied in 17 patients. In spite of a significant decrease in the sinus P-P interval during phase II of the maneuver (733 +/- 143 to 520 +/- 86 msec, p less than 0.005) and prolongation during phase IV (884 +/- 171 msec, p less than 0.01), there was no change in the AH interval (control: 78 +/- 15: phase II: 76 +/- 15: phase IV: 72 +/- 14 msec, N.S.). In six patients consecutive P-P intervals during phase II were recorded in solid-state memory and were used to trigger pacing of the high right atrium at rest. This showed a significant increase in the AH interval (75 +/- 10 to 123 +/- 45 msec, p less than 0.05). Valsalva maneuver during constant rate atrial pacing resulted in a significant decrease in the AH interval during phase II (115 +/- 36 to 80 +/- 15 msec, p less than 0.001). During phase IV there was prolongation of the AH interval (156 +/- 58 msec) but in 11 patients (61%) a variable degree of Wenckebach periodicity appeared. Thus autonomic tone modulates the changes in AVN conduction induced during physiologic heart rate variation, resulting in maintenance of adequate 1:1 AVN conduction. 相似文献
9.
10.
Advanced primary breast cancer: assessment at mammography of response to induction chemotherapy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The response to induction chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor in patients with nonmetastatic, locally advanced breast carcinomas. Assessment at mammography of the response of 60 breast cancers in 59 women was performed between 1974 and 1986. Responses were excellent in 13 tumors, moderate in 34, and poor in 13 (excellent moderate = 78%). Assessment of response of discrete masses in a fatty breast was easiest; assessment of response of tumor areas that were poorly defined-such as a focal area of architectural distortion or mass in dense breast parenchyma-was more difficult. Of 17 patients with excellent pathologic responses-that is, minimal or no residual tumor-15 (88%) had complete responses (no residual tumor) as determined with mammography, physical examination, or both. Mammography provides information complementary to physical examination and is essential in the accurate assessment of the response to chemotherapy of locally advanced breast cancer. 相似文献