全文获取类型
收费全文 | 669篇 |
免费 | 28篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 18篇 |
妇产科学 | 1篇 |
基础医学 | 151篇 |
临床医学 | 32篇 |
内科学 | 203篇 |
皮肤病学 | 3篇 |
神经病学 | 32篇 |
特种医学 | 31篇 |
外科学 | 104篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 24篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 10篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 85篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 22篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 41篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 31篇 |
2004年 | 45篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 53篇 |
2001年 | 20篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有700条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Toshiaki Otsuka Tomoyuki Kawada Masao Katsumata Chikao Ibuki Yoshiki Kusama 《Hypertension research》2007,30(12):1211-1218
The second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) has been used as a non-invasive examination for arterial stiffness. The present study sought to elucidate independent determinants of the SDPTG among various cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged Japanese men. The SDPTG was obtained from the cuticle of the left-hand forefinger in 973 male workers (mean age: 44+/-6 years) during a medical checkup at a company. The SDPTG indices (b/a and d/a) were calculated from the height of the wave components. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the independent determinants of an increased b/a (highest quartile of the b/a) were age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.12 per 1-year increase, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.15), hypertension (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.03-2.65), dyslipidemia (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.09-2.09), impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.16-5.07), and a lack of regular exercise (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.29-3.08). Similarly, independent determinants of a decreased d/a (lowest quartile of the d/a) were age (OR: 1.11 per 1-year increase, 95% CI: 1.08-1.14), hypertension (OR: 3.44, 95% CI: 2.20-5.38), and alcohol intake 6 or 7 days per week (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.80-4.06). No independent association was observed between the SDPTG indices and blood leukocyte count or serum C-reactive protein levels. In conclusion, the SDPTG indices reflect arterial properties affected by several cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged Japanese men. The association between inflammation and the SDPTG should be evaluated in further studies. 相似文献
2.
Chikao Yutani Masami Imakita Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda Seiki Nagata Hiroshi Sakakibara Yasuharu Nimura 《Pathology international》1987,37(6):1041-1052
The heart of seven cases of fatal congestive heart failure with dilated left ventricle, developing in 5 patients with symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 2 patients with histologically widespread disarray of both ventricles, was morphologically investigated. These 7 cases showed myocardial widespread disarray and massive fibrosis, the mean percent area of fibrosis was 40.6% and 59.4% at upper and lower levels of left ventricles, respectively. Fibrosis was most extentsive in the lateral wall, and followed by anterior, posterior and interventricular walls. The severity of cell infiltration in left ventricle was completely matched to that of fibrosis and was most extensive in subepicardial area followed by middle and subendocardial areas of left ventricle. The intima and medial thickness of intramural small arteries in the fibrotic areas was significantly larger (p<0.05) than that of nonfibrotic areas, which suggested that the effect of intramural small artery was not essential for pathogenesis of massive fibrosis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1041 -1052, 1987. 相似文献
3.
Hiroki Sakamoto Masayuki Kitano Takeshi Nishio Yoshifumi Takeyama Chikao Yasuda Masatoshi Kudo 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(3):206-211
Endosonography‐guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS‐CPN) safely and effectively relieves pain associated with intra‐abdominal malignancies when the neurolytic is accurately injected. We applied contrast medium to evaluate the ethanol injection sites in patients who received EUS‐CPN due to abdominal pain caused by malignancies. We injected, under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), ethanol containing 10% contrast medium into the celiac plexus of patients with intra‐abdominal pain due to malignancies. Immediately after the endoscopic therapy, patients underwent computed tomography (CT) to confirm the injection site. Images of distribution of injected solutions were classified into three groups. Injected solution dispersed in unilateral and bilateral anterocrural space was defined as ‘unilateral injection’ or ‘bilateral injection’, respectively. Injected solution located out of the anterocrural space was defined as ‘inappropriate injection’. Pre‐ and postprocedure pain was assessed using a standard analog scale. Before and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after the procedure, pain scores were evaluated. From April 2003 to May 2005, 13 patients were enrolled in this study. Improvement of pain score in the ‘bilateral injection’ and ‘unilateral injection’ groups was significantly superior to the change in the ‘inappropriate injection’ group. Although EUS‐CPN was effective in eight of 13 patients (61.5%), additional EUS‐CPN to the ‘inappropriate injection group’ increased the response rate to 84.6%. Injection of ethanol to the anterocrural space by EUS‐CPN produced adequate pain relief. Immediate examination by CT for confirmation of injection sites after EUS‐CPN would increase the likelihood of induction of pain relief. 相似文献
4.
Tsunao Imamura Rie Takeshita Rikako Koyama Chikao Okuda Kazuo Takeuchi Masamichi Matsuda Masashi Hashimoto Goro Watanabe Hitoshi Yoshida Michio Imawari 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(4):303-307
Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers. Because pancreatic carcinoma is still very difficult to diagnose in its early stage, many of these patients will be considered unsuitable for surgery. If a cytological diagnosis is obtained at initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), suitable treatment will be initiated without delay. Methods: To increase the number of exfoliated cells from the pancreatic duct, we devised a new technique, pancreatic duct lavage fluid (PDLF), following bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The present paper reports the effectiveness of cytological examination using PDLF in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. We examined 18 pancreatic carcinoma cases. After the endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), PDLF was collected from a double‐lumen catheter inserted into the main pancreatic duct. Saline injected from the lumen for the injection, and PDLF was aspirated from the other lumen for the guidewire at the same time. The cytological examination was performed using PDLF. Results: Exfoliated cells were more frequently found in PDLF from all patients. In 15 cases (83%), cytological examination of PDLF revealed positive cytological results as the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion: Cytological examination using PDLF has a high sensitivity for detection of pancreatic carcinoma. The new examination, PDLF, is simple, safe and effective, so we expect PDLF to become widely popular. 相似文献
5.
Endogenous bone-marrow-derived stem cells contribute only a small proportion of regenerated myocardium in the acute infarction model. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Shinya Fukuhara Shinji Tomita Takeshi Nakatani Chikao Yutani Soichiro Kitamura 《The Journal of heart and lung transplantation》2005,24(1):67-72
BACKGROUND: Our recent study showed that granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) promoted bone-marrow cells (BMC) to migrate into the infarcted heart and that they differentiated into cardiomyocytes. However, we still do not know to what degree bone-marrow-derived cardiomyocytes contribute to myocardial regeneration after injury. In this study, we verified the proportional contribution of cells from bone marrow (BM) and from non-bone marrow (n-BM) in regenerating neomyocardium after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Eight C57BL/6 mice were irradiated (900 cGy), and green fluorescent protein (GFP) mouse-derived BMCs (GFP-BMC, 1 x 10(6) cells) were injected. Four weeks later, the left descending coronary artery was ligated. Recombinant human G-CSF (200 microg/kg/day, 8 days) was injected. At 4 weeks after ligation, hearts were fixed for histology. We calculated the proportions of cardiomyocytes derived from BM and n-BM after taking the chimeric rate into consideration. RESULTS: The chimeric rate was 54.6% +/- 5.9%. At the infarcted border area, the total cell number was 1000.3 +/- 56.5/mm(2), and mobilized BM-derived GFP-BMC was 103.3 +/- 13.1/mm(2). After compensation with the chimeric rate, we found BM-derived troponin I-positive cells at 23.9 +/- 4.1/mm(2), nestin-positive cells at 12.9 +/- 2.6/mm(2), and Ki67-positive cells at 18.3 +/- 2.6/mm(2), respectively. We found significant differences in the contribution of troponin I-(6.7% +/- 1.7% vs 93.3% +/- 1.7%), nestin- (2.4 +/- 0.5 vs 97.6 +/- 0.5), and Ki67-positive (3.9 +/- 1.0 vs 96.1 +/- 1.0) cells derived from BM and n-BM. CONCLUSIONS: Bone marrow was one of the origins of regenerated cardiomyocytes; however, the contribution of cells from BM was very small compared with those of n-BM origin in the infarction model. 相似文献
6.
Rat cartilage tissue was found to produce two types of proteoglycan monomers distinguished by density gradient centrifugation under dissociative condition and with different molecular size (PG I and PG II) as observed in cultured rabbit costal chondrocyte and human cartilaginous tissues. The incorporation of 35S-sulfate and distribution of the molecular size of proteoglycan (PG) were studied to determine the differentiated phenotypes of chondrocyte in adjuvant induced arthritis of rats. The cartilaginous tissue from the acute inflammatory phase shows a low incorporation of 35S-sulfate into PGs but produce the same hydrodynamic size as that of the control. After that acute phase the incorporation recovered suggesting of a repair phase. But in the chronic phase both the incorporation and the produced hydrodynamic size of PGs were severely alternated. With our method this paper shows the drastic alternation about the cartilaginous properties of rat chondrocytes under these circumstances. 相似文献
7.
Chikao G. Hori Shields Warren W. Bradford Patterson Rosanna N. Chute 《The American journal of pathology》1971,65(2):279-292
Sources of protracted gamma radiation adjacent to bone were found to induceosteogenic sarcoma in half of the exposed males. Osteogenic sarcomas appeared in 3 males remote from the radioactive sources and may not have been radiation induced. Some tumors were small enough so that the site of origin could be determined accurately: some arose from endosteum, others from periosteum. Although portions of the skeleton in the female rats incidentally received doses of over 20,000 rads, no osteogenic sarcomas developed in them. Parauterine sources induced adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in 14 of 32 rats (44%). The incidence of carcinoma of the ovary (12%) was lower than expected. Carcinomas of the breast were frequent, but often distant from the source. Increased total dose, which was usually related to length of time of exposure, produced an increased incidence of cancer and a shortening of the latent period. However, extremely high doses (over a million rads to bone and hundreds of thousands to the uterus) at times failed to induce cancers. 相似文献
8.
In the gastric mucosa of Japanese patients, ciliated cells were found in association with intestinal metaplasia. The cells occurred frequently in the pyloric mucosa of nearly half of the cases examined but rarely in the cardiac mucosa of total 12 cases, but never adjacent to the chief cells of gastric glands. The ciliated cells were always found in the basal part of cardiac and pyloric glands, but never in the surface or in the foveolar epithelium. Furthermore, ciliated cells containing a few small mucus granules and simultaneously possessing numerous cilia and basal bodies were noted. Ciliated cells in the gastric mucosa have been found mainly in elderly Japanese patients, but were also observed exceptionally in one Chinese, two Swedes and one American. These ciliated cells are not present in the normal human gastric and intestinal mucosa, and therefore a new term, "ciliated metaplasia", is proposed for their occurrence. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 98–106, 1990. 相似文献
9.
Satoru Takahashi Tomoyuki Shirai Kumiko Ogawa Katsumi Imaida Chikao Yamazaki Akira Ito Kazuo Masuko Nobuyuki Ito 《Pathology international》1993,43(11):674-682
Step-sections of 96 whole kidneys from 50 chronic hemodialysis patients were subjected to a histopathological and quantitative investigation with regard to the development of renal neoplastic lesions. The range of hemodialysis duration was from 1 to 222 months. A total of 349 renal cell adenomas were found in 41 cases (82%). They were commonly multiple and present bilaterally. Renal cell carcinomas were evident in four cases (8%), with hemodialysis durations of 54, 57, 112 and 222 months. The incidence of adenomas increased in a hemodialysis duration-dependent manner, indicating a high risk of renal cell tumor development in chronic hemodialysis patients. Furthermore, acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) was also observed in 12 cases (24.0%), where the mean hemodialysis period was 143.4 ± 48.0 months. This value was significantly longer than that of non-ACDK cases (P < 0.001). There was, however, no clear relationship between the appearance of ACDK and renal cell tumors. The present results underline the necessity for attention to possible neoplasia of the kidney in patients on long-term hemodialysis. 相似文献
10.
Tohru Abe Chikao Morimoto Takashi Toguchi Masaya Kiyotaki Mitsuo Homma 《Inflammation》1980,4(2):169-180
The effect of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) granule lysates obtained from joint fluid of RA an the in vitro DNA synthesis of PHA-stimulated autologous lymphocytes from joint fluid was studied. Lymphocytes were cultured for 3 days with or without PMN lysates in 2 ml of RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS). The lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M). The DNA synthesis was measured by counting the [3H]thymidine incorporation. Lymphocytes from RA joint fluid stimulated with PHA-M showed 19,466±987 cpm (mean±SE per 106 cells in the absence of PMN lysates. Upon addition PMN lysates to the PHA-stimulated lymphocytes, the maximum in vitro DNA synthesis increased to 44,877±1338 cpm. The enhancing effect of PMN lysates was abolished by plasma inhibitors or by passage through a column of protease inhibitor (Trasylol). It was concluded, therefore, that the enhancing effect of PMN lysates on PHA-stimulated lymphocytes may be associated with lysosomal proteases. Based on experiments using separated T and B lymphocytes, the enhancing effect of PMN lysates was considered to result from the activation of T lymphocytes. The results obtained in the present study suggest an important role for lysosomal proteases in the perpetuation of rheumatoid synovitis. 相似文献