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1.
Spontaneous generation of functional osteoclasts from synovial fluid mononuclear cells as a model of inflammatory osteoclastogenesis 下载免费PDF全文
Stinne R. Greisen Halldór Bjarki Einarsson Malene Hvid Ellen‐Margrethe Hauge Bent Deleuran Tue Wenzel Kragstrup 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2015,123(9):779-786
In osteoimmunology, osteoclastogenesis is understood in the context of the immune system. Today, the in vitro model for osteoclastogenesis necessitates the addition of recombinant human receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF). The peripheral joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) are characterized by an immune‐mediated inflammation that can lead to bone destruction. Here, we evaluate spontaneous in vitro osteoclastogenesis in cultures of synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) activated only in vivo. SFMCs were isolated and cultured for 21 days at 0.5–1.0 × 106 cells/mL in culture medium. SFMCs and healthy control peripheral blood monocytes were cultured with RANKL and M‐CSF as controls. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive multinucleated cells were found in the SFMC cultures after 21 days. These cells expressed the osteoclast genes calcitonin receptor, cathepsin K, and integrin β3, formed lacunae on dentin plates and secreted matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and TRAP. Adding RANKL and M‐CSF potentiated this secretion. In conclusion, we show that SFMCs from inflamed peripheral joints can spontaneously develop into functionally active osteoclasts ex vivo. Our study provides a simple in vitro model for studying inflammatory osteoclastogenesis. 相似文献
2.
Zusammenfassung Die Osteotomie des Oberkiefers in der Le-Fort-I-Ebene, die heute routinemäßig in der Down-fracture-Technik durchgeführt wird, hat die chirurgische Behandlung skelettaler Dysgnathien grundlegend verändert. Sie ermöglicht eine dreidimensionale Korrektur des Oberkiefers und damit des gesamten Gesichtsschädels. Darüber hinaus kann der Oberkieferzahnbogen, zusätzlich zu einer Verlagerung des gesamten Oberkiefers, durch eine zusätzliche sagittale und transversale Osteotomie erweitert, verschmälert und verkürzt werden. Die Planung einer Oberkieferosteotomie erfolgt anhand des klinischen Bildes, der Kiefermodelle und des Fernröntgenbildes. Dabei muß der Unterkiefer frühzeitig mit in die Planung einbezogen werden, da er durch die Autorotation im Gelenk den Verlagerungen des Oberkiefers folgt. Erst durch eine gleichzeitige Osteotomie auch des Unterkiefers ergibt sich ein weites Indikationsspektrum für die Oberkieferosteotomie. Bei einer kombinierten Ober- und Unterkieferosteotomie ist praktisch jedes gewünschte Profil im unteren Gesichtsdrittel erzielbar.
Summary The osteotomy of the maxilla using the Le Fort I technique, today routinely performed in the down-fracture-technique, has changed surgical corrections of dentofacial deformities fundamentally. It offers a three-dimensional correction of the maxilla and also of the whole facial skull. Furthermore the upper dental arch can be expanded, intruded and shortened using a sagittal or transversal osteotomy in addition to a complete transposition of the maxilla. Planning of a maxillary osteotomy is performed under consideration of the clinical situation, the casts and the lateral cephalogram. The mandible must be considered at an early state of the preoperative planning, since the mandible will follow all transpositions of the maxilla by rotating with the TMJ. Only by performing a simultaneous osteotomy of the mandible, a broad spectrum of indications for maxillary osteotomy will result and practically every desired profile of the lower third of the face can be achieved using combined maxillary and mandibular osteotomies.相似文献
3.
Bent H. Hellum Zhuohan Hu Odd Georg Nilsen 《Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology》2009,105(1):58-63
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the dose‐dependent induction potential of six commonly used trade herbal products on CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 metabolic activities in cultured human hepatocytes. S‐mephenytoin and chlorzoxazone were used as specific CYP substrates, respectively, and rifampicin was used as a positive induction control for both enzymes. The hepatocytes were exposed to herbal extracts in increasing and biological relevant concentrations for 72 hrs and CYP substrate metabolites were quantified by validated HPLC methodologies. The major findings were that St John's wort was the most potent CYP‐modulating herb, showing a dose‐dependent induction/inhibition of both CYP2C19 and CYP2E1, with induction at low dosages and inhibition at higher. Ginkgo biloba showed an induction/inhibition profile towards CYP2C19 which was similar but weaker than that observed for St John's wort. If cooperative mechanisms are involved is still an open question. Common sage induced CYP2C19 in a log‐linear dose‐dependent manner with increasing concentrations. Common valerian was a weak inducer of CYP2C19, while horse chestnut and cone flower were characterized as non‐inducers of CYP2C19. Only St John's wort showed an inductive effect towards CYP2E1. In addition to St John's wort, Gingko biloba and common sage should be considered as possible candidates for clinically relevant drug‐herb interactions with selected CYP2C19 substrates. 相似文献
4.
Thomas Teltzrow Franz-Josef Kramer Andrea Schulze Carola Baethge Peter Brachvogel 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2005,33(5):307-313
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to review complications in a series of 1264 consecutive patients who were operated in a single centre during a 20-year-period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Complications were documented, their incidences calculated and compared with data from the literature. RESULTS: In 35 patients (2.8%) infection developed requiring extraoral incision and drainage; in 27 patients (2.1%) the inferior alveolar nerve was inadvertently cut; 18 patients (1.4%) had to undergo re-operation due to bending or fracture of osteosynthesis material; 15 patients (1.2%) suffered from bleeding complications; in 12 patients (0.9%) an unfavourable split occurred. In 8 patients (0.6%) foreign bodies were left in situ; in 7 patients a partial weakness of the facial nerve occurred, which was permanent in 1 patient. Six patients (0.5%) with a significantly higher age than average (mean: 33.6 years in comparison with 23.1 years) developed non-union at the site of osteotomy, and the mandible had to be bone grafted. Two patients (0.2%) developed osteomyelitis, and in one patient airway problems led to a need for tracheostomy (0.1%). CONCLUSION: Although some of these complications of bilateral sagittal split with osteotomy carry severe limitations in health related quality of life, it remains an overall safe procedure, demanding, however, comprehensive informed consent. Good knowledge of technical reasons for these complications should help to reduce their incidence. 相似文献
5.
P. H. E. Hilkens J. Verweij Ch. J. Vecht G. Stoter M. J. van den Bent 《Annals of oncology》1997,8(2):187-190
Background: Docetaxel, a semi-synthetic taxane may cause a usuallymild sensory neuropathy. We describe the clinical characteristics of fivepatients who developed a more severe neuropathy following treatment withdocetaxel.Patients and methods: All patients were treated in phase II studieswith 100 mg/m2 docetaxel in three weekly cycles, withoutsteroid administration.Results: The clinical picture in these patients was dominated by asensory neuropathy, but in one case severe weakness was present. Anotherpatient developed Lhermitte's sign. Signs and symptoms are usually reversibleafter discontinuation of docetaxel administration, but in three patientssymptoms worsened for some time after the end of treatment before improvementoccurred.Conclusion: Severe docetaxel neuropathy may especially occurfollowing treatment with cumulative dosage over 600 mg/m2; inpatients treated with this dosage a moderate or severe neuropathy may not berare. 相似文献
6.
M Korff S W Bent M T Havig M K Schwaber R H Ossoff D L Zealear 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》1992,106(4):345-350
Suture repair of a severed peripheral nerve is cumbersome, presents a focus for infection and neuroma formation, and does not always produce adequate stump alignment. An alternative form of repair is laser nerve welding, which is attractive because it does not introduce foreign material into the anastomotic site, it forms a circumferential seal, and it can be performed in difficult-to-reach areas. Laser repair has not been widely accepted both because the effect of laser irradiation on intact nerves is not well documented, and the anastomotic strength of the weld has been inferior to suture repair. In the first part of the present study, rat sciatic nerves were exposed and irradiated with increasing intensities from a Sharplan CO2 and KTP laser to document nerve damage as recorded by decreases in the peak compound action potential. A new technique of laser repair (S-Q weld) was then developed that involved harvesting subcutaneous tissue from the adjacent dermis, wrapping it around the two opposed nerve stumps, and lasering it to the epineurium to effect a weld. The strength of the S-Q weld (6.1 grams) was considerably greater than that produced by laser welding alone. The third phase of the study compared regeneration at 2 months in severed rat sciatic nerves repaired by either microsuture or S-Q weld. Analysis of the compound action potential values indicated that the number of regenerating fibers after laser repair was greater than that after suture repair, although a significant difference could not be demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
7.
Martin Eefsen Allan Rasmussen Hans Christian Wulf Axel Brock Bent Adel Hansen 《Liver transplantation》2007,13(5):655-657
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a disease of the heme metabolism due to a deficiency of ferrochelatase, leading to accumulation of protoporphyrin (PPIX) in the erythrocyte (red blood cell [RBC]). The major clinical manifestation in EPP is photosensitivity; however, in a small number of patients liver failure is a significant complication and liver transplantation is the only treatment option. Damage to both abdominal skin and organs occurs when exposed to operating light; however, this problem can be ameliorated by the use of filters that block the transmission of light with wavelength below 470 nm. A more unusual but very serious complication postoperatively is severe motor neuropathy, with few or no known acute available precautions. An effective treatment option is needed to manage EPP crises and to prevent complications after liver transplantation. We successfully treated a patient with EPP-induced liver failure with the molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS) and Prometheus in independent sessions. Following treatment with MARS we found a 9.1% reduction of the RBC-PPIX concentration and a 5.9% reduction after treatment with the Prometheus system. Plasmapheresis made a reduction in RBC-PPIX concentration of 0.8%. Following treatment sessions with MARS and Prometheus, the clinical condition was markedly improved and orthotopic liver transplantation was performed without further complications. In conclusion, extracorporeal therapy with MARS or Prometheus seems to be efficient in reducing RBC-PPIX concentration in comparison to plasma exchange. 相似文献
8.
9.
Obstructed voiding is a well recognized complication following a suburethral sling procedure. Current methods of transvaginal
and transabdominal urethrolysis have had variable success rates in relieving the obstruction, and do not restabilize the urethra
to prevent potential postoperative stress incontinence. We report on a procedure used in 4 cases which addresses both of these
issues. All patients had persistent urinary retention beyond 8 weeks after a suburethral sling procedure. An oupatient procedure
consisting of sling incision and associated tissue interposition (vaginal wall in three cases and fascia lata in one) was
successful in relieving the obstruction. Continence status was maintained in 3 of the 4 patients. There were no major complications
of this outpatient procedure. 相似文献
10.
Kveberg L Bryceson Y Inngjerdingen M Rolstad B Maghazachi AA 《European journal of immunology》2002,32(7):1856-1864
We have examined the effect of sphingolipids on the chemotaxis of human natural killer (NK) cells. Messenger RNA for Edg-1, Edg-6 and Edg-8 but not Edg-3, are expressed in these cells. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (SPP), dihydro SPP (DHSPP) or the CC chemokine RANTES (CCL5), but not sphingosine induces the chemotaxis of these cells. Pertussis toxin inhibits the chemotaxis induced by these ligands. Permeabilization of NK cells with streptolysin O (SLO) and introduction of blocking antibodies to the heterotrimeric G proteins, showed that Galpha(i2), Galpha(s), Galpha(q/11) or Galpha(13) mediate the chemotaxis of SPP, whereas Galpha(i2), Galpha(o) or Galpha(q/11) mediate the chemotaxis of DHSPP. Galpha(i2), Galpha(o), Galpha(s), Galpha(q/11), Galpha(z) or Galpha(12 )mediates RANTES-induced NK cell chemotaxis. Further analysis showed that phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 inhibit NK cell chemotaxis induced by SPP, DHSPP or RANTES. Blocking antibody to PI3Kgamma inhibits the chemotaxis induced by the three ligands, whereas anti-PI3Kbeta was without effect. In contrast, SPP and DHSPP recruit PI3Kbeta isozyme into NK cell membranes, suggesting that although this isoform is not involved in chemotaxis, it is activated by these phospholipids. 相似文献