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排序方式: 共有255条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
Linus Okeke Odunayo Ikuerowo Ifeanyi Chiekwe Blessing Etukakpan Olayiwola Shittu Olubunmi Olapade-Olaopa 《International journal of urology》2007,14(8):729-732
OBJECTIVE: Varicocele is the most common treatable cause of male infertility and is associated with progressive decline in testicular function. Varicocelectomy, a commonly performed operation, is indicated in infertile males with varicoceles who have oligospermia, asthenospermia, teratospermia or a combination of these factors. It is not clear if varicocelectomy is indicated if the patients have normal sperm density associated with asthenospermia or teratospermia. METHODS: We reviewed 167 patients with varicocele-associated male infertility over a 7-year period (December 1999-November 2005). Pre- and post-varicocelectomy seminal fluid analyses, assessed using the World Health Organization criteria, were obtained at intervals of 4-6 months. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to evaluate for statistical significance and P < or = 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients and their spouses were 35 and 28 years, respectively. The mean duration of infertility was 3.2 years (range, 1.5-7.5). Oligospermia, teratospermia, asthenospermia, oligospermia, asthenospermia and teratospermia (OAT) syndrome and azoospermia were found preoperatively in 106 (63.5%), 58 (34.7%), 154 (92%), 118 (71%) and 15 (9%) patients, respectively. Overall, significant improvements in semen volume (P < 0.001), sperm density (P < 0.001), sperm motility (P < 0.001) and sperm vitality (P < 0.001) were obtained after varicocelectomy. There was, however, no significant improvement in sperm morphology after varicocelectomy (P = 0.220). When patients with preoperative oligospermia (sperm density, <20 million/mL) were considered separately, varicocelectomy led to significant improvement in all the semen parameters except the sperm morphology (P = 0.183). Conversely, when varicocele patients with a sperm density of > or =20 million/mL (normospermia) associated with asthenospermia and/or teratospermia were considered separately, they did not show significant improvement in any of the semen parameters after varicocelectomy (P > 0.05). In addition, azoospermic patients did not show significant improvement in any of the semen parameters (P > 0.05) CONCLUSION: No significant improvement in semen parameters may be obtained in patients with clinical varicocele and preoperative normospermia. It is possible that only patients with preoperative oligospermia may benefit from varicocelectomy. Larger multi-institutional studies are needed to determine more definitively if asthenospermia or teratospermia in normospermic subfertile males with clinical varicoceles are in fact indications for varicocelectomy. 相似文献
2.
Ryoji Tsuboi Charles N Okeke Akemi Inoue Masashi Yamazaki Masataro Hiruma Hideoki Ogawa 《Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi》2002,43(2):91-93
The diagnosis and choice of treatment for dermatophytoses are usually based on the result of microscopic observation of hyphal elements and culture. However, false negative cultures have sometimes been encountered and appropriate timing of discontinuation of treatment has not been formulated. In this study, we attempted the identification and viability assessment of dermatophytes based on the quantitative measurement of dermatophyte actin (ACT) mRNA. An internal fragment of the ACT, 725 to 762 bp, was isolated by PCR from the genomic DNA of dermatophytes and sequenced. ACT intron-based primers were dermatophyte species-specific and primer pairs crossing the intron were dermatophyte genus-specific. The LightCycler (LC) instrument, employing the two-step RT-PCR/fluorescent hybridization system, was used to quantify the actin mRNA (ACT) of dermatophytes. A 669 bp ACT cDNA fragment was used as a quantification standard. Several mg of samples were collected from skin scales or nail plates before and after the treatment using oral terbinafine. The results indicated that quantification of ACT mRNA correlated with the results of culture and KOH examination and that copy numbers of dermatophyte ACT mRNA per mg sample decreased with progression of the therapy. This method comprises a sensitive (1 fg), specific, rapid (< 4 h) and quantitative assessment of the viability and identification of dermatophytes in skin tissue. 相似文献
3.
G T Cole J M Xue C N Okeke E J Tarcha V Basrur R A Schaller R A Herr J J Yu C Y Hung 《Medical mycology》2004,42(3):189-216
Coccidioides is a fungal pathogen of humans which can cause a life-threatening respiratory disease in immunocompetent individuals. Recurrent epidemics of coccidioidal infections in Southwestern United States has raised the specter of awareness of this soil-borne microbe, particularly among residents of Arizona and Southern California, and has galvanized research efforts to develop a human vaccine against coccidioidomycosis. In this review, we discuss the rationale for such a vaccine, examine the features of host innate and acquired immune response to Coccidioides infection, describe strategies used to identify and evaluate vaccine candidates, and provide an update on progress toward development of a vaccine against this endemic pathogen. 相似文献
4.
Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha Ganiyu Oboh Felix Abayomi Dada Sunday Idowu Oyeleye Bathlomew Maduka Okeke 《Andrologia》2021,53(7):e14074
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid, found in several plants. Diabetes induces erectile dysfunction (ED) via reduction in some hormones and enzymes implicated in sexual function. This study aimed to investigate the role of berberine on crucial biomolecules linked to penile function in diabetic rats. Sixty-three (63) adult male rats were used and distributed into nine groups (each = 7). Group I–IV normal rats administered with citrate buffer (pH 4.5), sildenafil citrate (SD, 5.0 mg/kg), 50 and 100 mg/kg of berberine, respectively, via oral gavage. Rats in groups V–IX were diabetic rat with ED treated with buffer, SD, 50 and 100 mg/kg of berberine, and acarbose (25 mg/kg ACA) respectively. The result revealed that histological architecture in penile tissues were altered in diabetic groups treated with berberine, sildenafil citrate and acarbose when compared to the diabetic control group. Treatment with berberine, increased testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in diabetic rat with ED. Also, reduced prolactin level and acetylcholinesterase, angiotensin-1 converting enzyme, adenosine deaminase and arginase activities were observed in berberine treated diabetic rat with ED. Molecular docking analysis revealed that berberine had strong binding affinities for these enzymes. Thus, berberine could represent a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes-induced ED. 相似文献
5.
BackgroundStress is an extremely adaptive phenomenon in human beings and cortisol is a known stress hormone. Examination has been described as a naturalistic stressor capable of affecting human health.ObjectivesTo estimate the relationship between serum cortisol, adrenaline, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile during examination stress.MethodsTwo hundred and eight (208) apparently-healthy undergraduate students (aged, 24 ± 6 years) were involved in the study. Exactly 5 mls of venous blood was collected from each subject 1–3 hours before a major examination. A second assessment was done on the same students 3–4 weeks before any examination (control samples). Cortisol and adrenaline were assayed using ELISA techniques, FBG was assayed using enzymatic method while lipid parameters were assayed using standard enzymatic-spectrophotometric methods.ResultsThere was statistically significant increase in serum cortisol, adrenaline, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in students under examination stress compared to the non examination period (p=0.001, 0.013, 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0001, respectively). FBG showed no significant increase. There was also significant positive correlation (r=0.297, p=0.032) between serum cortisol and TC/HDL ratio (cardiac risk factor) before examination stress but not during the stress period.ConclusionsSignificant positive correlation was observed between cortisol and TC/HDL ratio before examination stress. 相似文献
6.
Preeti Manavalan Deng B. Madut Julian T. Hertz Nathan M. Thielman Nwora Lance Okeke Blandina T. Mmbaga Melissa H. Watt 《Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)》2020,22(8):1518-1522
Failure to address hypertension among people living with HIV (PLWH) may undermine the significant progress made toward reducing mortality among this high‐risk population in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Here, the authors report hypertension prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment among patients enrolled in HIV care in Tanzania. Patients attending an HIV clinic were consecutively screened for hypertension. Hypertension was defined as follows: a single blood pressure measurement ≥160 mm Hg systolic or ≥100 mm Hg diastolic, two measurements at separate visits ≥140 mm Hg systolic or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic, or self‐reported hypertension diagnosis. The authors screened 555 patients, and 19.6% met hypertension criteria. Among a subset of 91 hypertensive participants, 44 (48.4%) reported previous blood pressure measurements, 32 (35.2%) were aware of diagnosis, 10 (11.0%) reported current antihypertensive use, and none had controlled blood pressure. Addressing barriers along the hypertension treatment cascade must be a top priority to improve cardiovascular outcomes among PLWH in SSA. 相似文献
7.
8.
Bronach Healy Tian Yu Daniele C. da Silva Alves Cynthia Okeke Carmel B. Breslin 《Materials》2021,14(7)
Supramolecular chemistry, although focused mainly on noncovalent intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, which are considerably weaker than covalent interactions, can be employed to fabricate sensors with a remarkable affinity for a target analyte. In this review the development of cyclodextrin-based electrochemical sensors is described and discussed. Following a short introduction to the general properties of cyclodextrins and their ability to form inclusion complexes, the cyclodextrin-based sensors are introduced. This includes the combination of cyclodextrins with reduced graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers, enzymes and aptamers, and electropolymerized cyclodextrin films. The applications of these materials as chiral recognition agents and biosensors and in the electrochemical detection of environmental contaminants, biomolecules and amino acids, drugs and flavonoids are reviewed and compared. Based on the papers reviewed, it is clear that cyclodextrins are promising molecular recognition agents in the creation of electrochemical sensors, chiral sensors, and biosensors. Moreover, they have been combined with a host of materials to enhance the detection of the target analytes. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including the development of more robust methods for the integration of cyclodextrins into the sensing unit. 相似文献
9.
Background
The introduction of inactivated polio vaccines (IPV) is imminent. In view of the Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013–2018, parental acceptance of IPV will be important for achieving universal coverage. In view of the imminent introduction of IPV, it is only reasonable to assess the awareness and acceptance of IPV, so that necessary socio-anthropological measures would be put in place. This study is aimed at determining the level of awareness and acceptance of IPV by parents.Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 408 parents that brought their children for immunization. Structured-questionnaire was to collect data on the parent's demographic characteristics, awareness and acceptance of IPV. The independent factors that may affect parental acceptability of IPV were evaluated using linear regression analysis.Results
About 53% of the parents had no knowledge of vaccine content and 84.1% had not heard of IPV, and 40.2% were willing to accept IPV. However, with post-intervention (IPV) health education, the level of acceptance of IPV increased to 95.6% and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). 35.3% expressed fear for IPV, and 61.8% cited fear for pain (61.8%). In the rating scale of 1 to 5, doctors (4.7), Nurses (4.0) and staff of the Ministry of Health (4.0) were rated high as reliable media to inform them about a new vaccine. The logistic regression revealed only educational level of mothers (p-value = 0.048) was the only significant factor associated with acceptability of IPV.Conclusion
The parents’ knowledge on vaccine was poor, as well as IPV acceptability (pre health education). But the acceptability was improved with provision of extra information. Although most still preferred OPV, and with improvement in pain management, acceptability of IPV can be improved further. Clear policies and strategies should be immediately developed and implementation of pre-introduction awareness/sensitization on IPV should be commenced. 相似文献10.