中国精神分裂症患者不同家庭干预措施效果比较的meta分析

目的对中国精神分裂症患者采取家庭干预的研究文献进行综合回顾和系统评价, 比较不同条件下家庭干预效果的差异。方法在中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库四大中文数据库及OVID Medline、Science Direct、Web of Science、EBSCO四大英文数据库中, 检索各数据库建库至2015年1月为止使用社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)、简明精神病(科)量表(BPRS)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)研究中国精神分裂症患者家庭干预效果的文献, 以标准化加权均数差( SMD)作为效应量, 采用meta分析比较不同干预时间、不同干预类型、对不同病程和不同严重程度的精神分裂症患者的家庭干预效果差异。 结果共纳入57篇符合标准的文献。SDSS、PANSS分析结果显示:① 干预时间越长干预效果越好( P < 0.0001、 P=0.0025);② 单独家庭干预比多个家庭合并单独家庭干预的效果更明显( P < 0.0001、 P=0.0131);③ 干预对于病情较重患者效果较好( P < 0.0001、 P=0.0280)。SDSS量表还显示家庭干预对于病程短的患者效果更好( P < 0.0001)。 结论家庭干预更适合病程较短的精神分裂症患者, 干预应实施较长时间; 单独家庭干预更有利于患者阴性症状的改善和社会功能的康复, 且对于病情较轻患者的阴性症状改善效果更好。     

软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的治疗

目的：综述运动系统软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的各种治疗方法的研究进展。资料来源：应用计算机检索Medline1980—01／2006—04与运动系统软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的治疗相关文章，检索词“Soft tissue injury，pain．chronic，comprehensive therapy”，并限定文章语言种类为“English”；同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1994—01／2006-04期间的相关文章，检索词“软组织损伤、慢性疼痛、治疗方法”，并限定语言种类为中文。同时手工查阅相关书籍。资料选择：对资料进行初审，所选文献内容符合：①软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛药物治疗的研究。②软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛微创治疗的研究。③软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛运动疗法的研究。④软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛心理治疗的研究。⑤软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛其他疗法的研究。排除重复性研究的文献。资料提炼：共收集到40篇关于软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛治疗方法的文献，均为全文，23篇符合纳入标准，排除17篇重复性研究。同时录入书籍3本。资料综合：软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛的产生是生理、心理及社会因素复杂结合的结果，个体表现差异较大，目前尚无特效治疗方法，常用的治疗方法有：药物治疗、微创治疗、运动疗法、心理治疗、物理疗法及其他疗法。结论：对于软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛的治疗必须以整体的观点对其进行合理的评估和个体化治疗，才能收到良好的效果。     

谷氨酸对腺苷A2A受体调节一氧化氮合酶活力的影响

目的探讨谷氨酸是否能够影响腺苷A2A受体对一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活力的调节。方法用1000ng／ml脂多糖（LPS）刺激小胶质细胞，分别加入100nmol／L A2A受体激动剂CGS21680以及不同浓度的谷氨酸（0，1，0，25，0，5mmol／L）干预，观察NOS活力变化。结果LPS诱导NOS活力增高，激活A2A受体可以产生抑制作用；0，25及0．5mmoL／L谷氨酸和A2A受体激动剂同时存在时，NOS活力进一步增高。结论高浓度谷氨酸可逆转腺苷A2A受体激动剂抑制升高NOS活力的作用。     

后牙两段式可摘局部义齿的设计与制作

目的:改进常规可摘局部义齿设计的不足,增进固位、稳定。方法:采用两段式义齿结构、两个就位方向和插销锁连接固定。结果:义齿的固位、稳定效果明显提高。结论:插销式分段义齿是对常规可摘局部义齿的一种补充,对主基牙过度倾斜、固位要求高的患者,能够明显改善修复效果。     

Association between human IgM autoantibodies and kappa chain allotypes

The relationship between the immunoglobulin kappa light chain allotypes and autoantibodies was studied in a series of seven human monoclonal kappa-bearing IgM antibodies with Rheumatoid Factor (RF) activity, two IgM anti-low density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, and one IgM anti-intermediate filament (IF) antibody. Residues at amino acid positions 153 and 191 related to the Km allotypes in human kappa chains were determined by an HPLC tryptic fingerprint and corroborated by amino acid sequence analysis. All the autoantibodies shared similar variable regions derived from the V kappa IIIb gene(s). The seven RF and the anti-IF were associated with the Km(3) constant region allotype whereas the two anti-LDL were associated with the Km(1,2) allotype. Thus, monoclonal autoantibodies showed the same Km allotypic distribution as the normal population. However, although the number of samples is small, it seems likely that a preferential association may exist between particular V kappa genes and Km alleles in the generation of autoantibodies with different specificities.     

Severe odontogenic infections

Background : Severe odontogenic infections are serious potentially lethal conditions. Following the death of a patient in the authors' institution this study was initiated to determine the risk factors, management and outcome of a consecutive series of patients.
Methods : All patients admitted to the Royal Adelaide Hospital under the care of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit with odontogenic infections in calendar year 2003 were investigated. Detailed information relative to their pre-presentation history, surgical and anaesthetic management and outcome was obtained and analysed.
Results : Forty-eight patients, 32M, 16F, average age 34.5, range 19 to 88 years were treated. All presented with pain and swelling, with 21 (44 per cent) having trismus. Forty-four (92 per cent) were as a result of dental neglect and four (8 per cent) were regular dental patients having endodontic treatment which failed. Of those known to have been treated prior to presentation, most had been on antibiotics. Most patients had aggressive surgical treatment with extraction, surgical drainage, high dose intravenous antibiotics and rehydration. The hospital stay was 3.3 (range 1–16) days. Patients requiring prolonged intubation and high dependency or intensive care (40 per cent) had longer hospitalization. No patient died and all fully recovered.
Conclusion : Severe odontogenic infections are a serious risk to the patient's health and life. Management is primarily surgical with skilled anaesthetic airway management. Antibiotics are required in high intravenous doses as an adjunct and not as a primary treatment.     

Red ear syndrome and auricular erythromelalgia: the same condition?

Several cases of relapsing attacks during which the ear becomes red and patients experience a burning sensation have been reported in the literature. This combination of symptoms has been described as ‘red ear syndrome’ (RES). We report on a 7‐year‐old boy who had episodes of reddening, swelling and a burning sensation in one ear with local hyperthermia persisting for 3 years. The differential diagnosis included RES and erythromelalgia, as isolated auricular variants of erythromelalgia have been described and the symptoms are difficult to distinguish from RES. In this report, we discuss the similarities and differences between RES and erythromelalgia.     

64排螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与DSA的对照研究

目的:通过和冠脉造影对比,评价64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉狭窄中的临床应用价值。方法:28例患者同时行64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像和有创性冠脉造影检查,依据AHA17段分段法,评价所有有效节段,并将两者进行对比。结果:冠脉造影显示阴性病例占7.1%(2例),单只病变占21.4%(6例),多支病变占71.4%(20例)。按节段分析,CT检出冠脉狭窄的敏感度,特异度,阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为91.1%,94.6%,90.0和95.3%。结论:64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像和传统的冠脉造影检查对检出正常冠脉节段以及狭窄节段具有很好的一致性。     

鼻咽癌CT灌注成像及其生物学相关性研究

目的研究鼻咽癌CT灌注值与肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）、肿瘤分期的关系，探讨多层螺旋CT灌注成像对鼻咽癌的临床应用价值。方法49例鼻咽部CT灌注检查中，鼻咽癌组30例，鼻咽癌放疗后组14例，正常鼻咽部5例，测量鼻咽癌和鼻咽黏膜位置的血流量（BF）、最大强化指数（PEI）、峰值到达时间（TTP）及血容量（BV）作为灌注指标，其中16例鼻咽癌活检组织行免疫组织化学CD34单抗染色后，Weidner方法计数MVD。各组灌注值比较行方差分析，CT灌注值、肿瘤分期与MVD之间行Spearman等级相关分析。结果49例中1例鼻咽癌灌注检查失败。鼻咽癌组（29例）肿瘤CT灌注值BF为（48．6±16．9）ml·100g^-1·min^-1，PEI为（32．3±7．9）HU，TTP为（17．5±4．9）s，BV为（12．8±4．4）ml·100g^-1；正常对照组（5例）BF、PEI、TTP、BV值分别为（15．9±5．9）ml·100g^-1·min^-1、（12.6±1．3）HU、（22．6±6．9）s、（3．5±0．5）ml·100g^-1；鼻咽癌放疗后组（14例）BF、PEI、TTP、BV值分别为（25．2±7．0）ml·100g^-1·min^-1、（19．8±5．9）HU、（22．6±4．3）s、（6．1±2．4）ml·100g^-1，三组各灌注值差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）；相关分析显示，鼻咽癌组（29例）中TNM分期（其中Ⅰ期3例，Ⅱ期9例，Ⅲ期10例，Ⅳ期7例）与PEI和BV存在相关性（r值分别为0．48和0．50），与BF和TTP无明显相关性（r值分别为0．23和0．22）；16例鼻咽癌MVD为（30．8±12．6）个／高倍镜视野，与其BF（51．4±17．0）ml·100g^-1·min^-1、PEI（33．2±9．6）HU和TTP（16．3±4．1）8存在相关性（r值分别为0．85、0．60和0．78），与BV（13．2±5．6）ml·100g^-1弱相关（r=0．48）。结论鼻咽癌有着特征的CT灌注表现，多层螺旋CT灌注成像的灌注值可以反映鼻咽癌微血管密度特征，PEI和BV值与鼻咽癌的TNM分期存在一定的相关性。