Assessment of neutrophil leukocyte secretory response to fMLP in whole blood in vitro.

A simple, precise method has been developed for assessing neutrophil secretory responses (release of vitamin B12 binding protein from specific granules) to challenge of aliquots of whole blood with the bacterial chemotactic peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Dose-response studies performed on blood from normal healthy volunteers showed higher maximal secretory responses in males than females (33.3 +/- SEM 2.2 vs. 27.4 +/- 2.5, P less than .005) a left shift in dose-response curves after feeding compared to fasting (P less than .005), spontaneous up-regulation of responses in blood incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h, and marked upregulation in response to preincubation with endotoxin. This whole blood challenge method may be used to study neutrophil responses in groups of individuals or patients without the confounding effects of changes in cell responses resulting from cell isolation procedures. The method may also be used as a bioassay for neutrophil-activating factors.     

The 1989 report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study

This report of the North American Pediatric Transplant Cooperative Study summarizes data contributed by 57 participating centers on 754 children with 761 transplants from 1 January 1989 to 16 February 1989. Data collection was initiated in October 1987 and follow-up of all patients is ongoing. Transplant frequency increased with age; 24% of the patients were less than 5 years, with 7% being under 2 years. Common frequent diagnoses were: aplastic/dysplastic kidneys (18%), obstructive uropathy (16%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (12%). Preemptive transplant, i.e., transplantation without prior maintenance dialysis, was performed in 21% of the patients. Dialytic modalities pretransplant were peritoneal dialysis in 42% and hemodialysis in 25%. Bilateral nephrectomy was reported in 29%. Live-donor sources accounted for 42% of the transplants. Among cadaveric donors, 41% of the donors were under 11 years old. During the first post-transplant month, maintenance therapy was used similarly for live-donor and cadaver source transplants, with prednisone, cyclosporine, and azathioprine used in 93%, 83%, and 81%, respectively. Triple therapy with prednisone, cyclosporine, and azathioprine was used in 78%, 75%, and 75% of functioning cadaver source transplants at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months as opposed to 60%, 63%, and 54% for live-donor procedures, with single-drug therapy being uncommon. Rehospitalization during months 1–5 occurred in 62% of the patients, with treatment of rejection and infection being the main causes. Additionally, 9% were hospitalized for hypertension. During months 6–12 and 12–17, 30% and 28% of the patients with functioning grafts were rehospitalized. Times to first rejection differed significantly for cadaver and live-donor transplants. The median time to the first rejection was 36 days for cadaver transplants and 156 days for live-donor transplants. Overall, 57% of treated rejections were completely reversible although the complete reversal rate decreased to 37% for four or more rejections. One hundred and fifty-two graft failures had occurred at the time of writing, with a 1-year graft survival estimate of 0.88 for live-donor and 0.71 for cadaver source transplants. In addition to donor source, recipient age is a significant prognostic factor for graft survival. Among cadaver donors, decreasing donor age is associated with a decreasing probability of graft survival. Thirty-five deaths have occurred; 16 attributed to infection and 19 to other causes. The current 1-year survival estimate is 0.94. There have been 9 malignancies.A list of all participating centers and the names of the investigators is printed on pages 552–553     

Discovery of potent and selective inhibitors of procollagen C-proteinase for the treatment of fibrotic disorders

Introduction   Fibrosis is a component of many tissue pathologies leading to loss of normal tissue function, primarily due to excessive collagen deposition. Collagen is deposited following cleavage of the C- and N- terminal peptides from the pro-collagen molecule. The cleavage of the globular C-peptide by PCP reduces solubility of the fibrillar collagen molecule, resulting in deposition of insoluble collagen. Increased insoluble collagen deposition is a feature of all organ fibroses, with inhibition of this process, a key potential anti-fibrotic mechanism. The aim of this work was to discover potent and selective PCP inhibitors as experimental, topically applied, anti-fibrotic drugs for clinical evaluation.
Materials and methods   PCP was cloned from human osteosarcoma cells and enzymatic activity demonstrated using a PCP-specific peptide cleavage assay. Activities were confirmed by measuring cleavage of [³H]C-peptide from type-I pro-collagen. A cell-based fibroplasias model was employed to demonstrate compound efficacy using collagen deposition, liberated C-peptide and histological endpoints. The activities of PCP inhibitors in fibroblast and epithelial in vitro cell proliferation and migration assays, and selectivity vs. a panel of MMPs were also determined.
Discussion   In summary, we have identified and characterized potent and selective inhibitors of PCP for progression to clinical studies for investigation as a treatment paradigm for fibrotic disease.  

  Results     

8.

Predictors of successful labor induction with oral or vaginal misoprostol.     

J M G Crane  T Delaney  K D Butt  K A Bennett  D Hutchens  D C Young 《The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine》2004,15(5):319-323

OBJECTIVE: To identify independent predictors of successful labor induction with oral or vaginal misoprostol. METHODS: Women enrolled in four previous randomized trials involving oral or vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction were included in the present cohort study, with dosing of 25-50 microg every 4 to 6 h vaginally (n = 574) or 50 microg every 4 h orally (n = 207). Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with successful labor induction -- defined as vaginal delivery within 12 h, vaginal delivery within 24 h and spontaneous vaginal delivery. Predictors of Cesarean birth and the need for only one dose of misoprostol were also identified. Variables included in the models were maternal age, weight, height, parity, gravidity, membrane status, route of misoprostol, gestational age, birth weight, and Bishop score and its individual components. RESULTS: Maternal age, height, weight, parity, birth weight, dilatation, effacement and cervical station were associated with vaginal delivery within 24 h of induction. Maternal age, height, weight, nulliparity, birth weight and route of misoprostol were associated with Cesarean birth, with oral misoprostol being associated with a lower rate of Cesarean birth. The need for only one dose of misoprostol was predicted by maternal height, weight, parity, gestational age, Bishop score and route of misoprostol. CONCLUSION: Characteristics of the woman (height, weight, parity), the fetus (birth weight) and some of the individual components of the Bishop score, were associated with successful labor induction, with oral misoprostol being associated with a lower rate of Cesarean birth.     

9.

Surgical emphysema of the dorsum of the hand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Butt  G F Hird 《The Journal of hand surgery, European volume》1990,15(3):379-380

     

10.

Increased arterial stiffness amongst healthy South Asians in the United Kingdom in the absence of raised blood pressure     

A. Gunarathne  J.V. Patel  R. Potluri  R. Butt  B. Gammon  C. Boos  N. Panja  E.A. Hughes  G.Y.H. Lip 《Artery Research》2007,1(2):58

     

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Predictors of successful labor induction with oral or vaginal misoprostol.

OBJECTIVE: To identify independent predictors of successful labor induction with oral or vaginal misoprostol. METHODS: Women enrolled in four previous randomized trials involving oral or vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction were included in the present cohort study, with dosing of 25-50 microg every 4 to 6 h vaginally (n = 574) or 50 microg every 4 h orally (n = 207). Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with successful labor induction -- defined as vaginal delivery within 12 h, vaginal delivery within 24 h and spontaneous vaginal delivery. Predictors of Cesarean birth and the need for only one dose of misoprostol were also identified. Variables included in the models were maternal age, weight, height, parity, gravidity, membrane status, route of misoprostol, gestational age, birth weight, and Bishop score and its individual components. RESULTS: Maternal age, height, weight, parity, birth weight, dilatation, effacement and cervical station were associated with vaginal delivery within 24 h of induction. Maternal age, height, weight, nulliparity, birth weight and route of misoprostol were associated with Cesarean birth, with oral misoprostol being associated with a lower rate of Cesarean birth. The need for only one dose of misoprostol was predicted by maternal height, weight, parity, gestational age, Bishop score and route of misoprostol. CONCLUSION: Characteristics of the woman (height, weight, parity), the fetus (birth weight) and some of the individual components of the Bishop score, were associated with successful labor induction, with oral misoprostol being associated with a lower rate of Cesarean birth.