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排序方式: 共有319条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
Gianluca Gambarini Lucila Piasecki Gabriele Miccoli Gianfranco Gaimari Roberto Di Giorgio Dario Di Nardo Adham A Azim Luca Testarelli 《Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc》2019,45(2):154-162
This study evaluated the effect of new motions of the motor TriAuto ZX2 on the cyclic fatigue of endodontic instruments. Vortex Blue 35.06 instruments were divided into four groups (n = 10) and tested for fatigue in a curved artificial canal (90° and 2 mm radius) using the following motions: continuous rotation (CR), Optimum Torque Reverse (OTR) set at 180° and the Optimum Glide Path (OGP), which was tested at 90° and 240°. The time to fracture (TTF) and the lengths of the fractured fragments were recorded. The mean TTF was significantly different among the groups (anova , P < 0.05): OGP 90° (213.39 ± 27.45), OTR 180° (121.24 ± 17.03), OGP 240° (45.24 ± 5.61) and CR (8.43 ± 1.27). Weibull analysis confirmed the shortest life expectancy for CR and the longest survival for OGP at 90°. The resistance to fatigue was affected by motions and pre‐set angles. The proprietary movements that are currently available for endodontic instruments were classified according to their kinematics. 相似文献
3.
Jér?me Dumortier Marie-Claude Gagnieu Janine Salandre Olivier Guillaud Philipe Guillem Mustapha Adham Olivier Boillot 《Liver transplantation》2006,12(9):1342-1346
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are one of the main adverse events in patients treated by mycophenolic acid (MPA). The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of conversion from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) in liver transplant patients presenting GI side-effects Since January 2003, stable liver transplant patients receiving MMF and presenting GI disorders, without evidence of other origin than MMF were enrolled. Conversion was performed without a washout period at an equimolar daily dosage. Thirty-six patients were included after a median delay of 45 months after liver transplantation (LT) (16 women and 20 men, median age of 47 years). Diarrhoea was the main clinical symptom (n = 28, 77.7%). At the time of inclusion, patients were treated with MMF since 18 months (range 3-28) and GI disorders were known for 9 months (range 3-12). After a median follow-up of 12 months after conversion, GI disorders were resolved in 20 patients (55%), improved in 6 patients (17%) and not modified or worsened in 10 patients (28%). Our results strongly suggest that conversion from MMF to EC-MPS in liver transplant patients can improve gastrointestinal disorders in a majority of the patients, and therefore might be considered as the best therapeutic option. 相似文献
4.
M K Song W Y Shin N F Adham N V Costea 《The American journal of clinical nutrition》1989,49(4):701-707
The effects of different amounts of dietary zinc on the Zn absorption rate and on Zn, calcium and magnesium concentrations in tissues of MOPC 104E tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were determined. The Zn absorption rate was inversely related to the amounts of Zn in their diets and was lower than that of nontumor-bearing control mice fed a laboratory mice chow. Zn concentrations of tumor-bearing mice were also low compared with control mice but tumor Zn concentrations, regardless of the concentrations of Zn in the diets, were higher than those of normal tissues of the host other than the pancreas. Ca concentrations in tumor and tissues of tumor-bearing mice were higher than in control animals but Mg concentrations in tissues of tumor-bearing mice appeared to be similar to those of control mice. Results suggest that tumor-bearing mice have a lower intestinal Zn absorption capacity and a higher Zn uptake rate causing other tissues to become hypozincemic and hypercalcemic. 相似文献
5.
Schwarz G Santamaria-Araujo JA Wolf S Lee HJ Adham IM Gröne HJ Schwegler H Sass JO Otte T Hänzelmann P Mendel RR Engel W Reiss J 《Human molecular genetics》2004,13(12):1249-1255
Substitution therapies for orphan genetic diseases, including enzyme replacement methods, are frequently hampered by the limited availability of the required therapeutic substance. We describe the isolation of a pterin intermediate from bacteria that was successfully used for the therapy of a hitherto incurable and lethal disease. Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) deficiency is a pleiotropic genetic disorder characterized by the loss of the molybdenum-dependent enzymes sulphite oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase and aldehyde oxidase due to mutations in Moco biosynthesis genes. An intermediate of this pathway-'precursor Z'-is more stable than the cofactor itself and has an identical structure in all phyla. Thus, it was overproduced in the bacterium Escherichia coli, purified and used to inject precursor Z-deficient knockout mice that display a phenotype which resembles that of the human deficiency state. Precursor Z-substituted mice reach adulthood and fertility. Biochemical analyses further suggest that the described treatment can lead to the alleviation of most symptoms associated with human Moco deficiency. 相似文献
6.
Nika Adham Laurence A. Borden Lee E. Schechter Eric L. Gustafson Tamara L. Cochran Pierrre J.-J. Vaysse Richard L. Weinshank Theresa A. Branchek 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1993,348(6):566-575
We recently described the cloning of a fifth member of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1 (serotonin1) receptor class that inhibits adenylyl cyclase, namely the human 5-HT1F receptor (Adham et al. 1993 a). In the present study we have examined in greater detail the functional coupling of the 5-HT1F receptor in two different cell lines, NIH-3T3 and LM(tk–) fibroblasts (receptor densities of 1.7 and 4.4 pmol/mg protein, respectively). The maximal inhibitory response elicited by 5-HT was significantly greater in NIH-3T3 as compared to LM(tk–) cells, whereas the EC50 values were comparable.To investigate the relationship between receptor occupancy and inhibition of cAMP accumulation mediated by 5-HT1F receptors in NIH-3T3 cells (and hence the degree of receptor reserve), we used the irreversible receptor antagonist N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ). The half-maximal response required only about 10% receptor occupancy, consistent with a receptor reserve of 90% (88±2.1%, n = 4) for 5-HT-induced inhibition of FSCA. Despite the presence of such a high degree of receptor reserve, a range of intrinsic activities was displayed by structurally diverse classes of compounds. For example, sumatriptan and lysergol were as efficacious as 5-HT itself and thus acted as full agonists, whereas metergoline and 1-NP behaved as partial agonists and as shown previously (Adham et al. 1993a), methiothepin was a silent antagonist (Kb = 438 nM).We have also investigated activation of additional signal transduction pathways by the 5-HT1F receptor and found that the responses differ in the two cell lines with respect to stimulation of phospholipase C. For example, in NIH-3T3 cells no elevation of inositol phosphates (IP) of [Ca2+]i was observed even at very high agonist concentrations (100 M). In contrast, in LM(tk–) cells concentrations of 5-HT as low as 10 nM induced stimulation of IP and a rapid increase of [Ca2+]i. The 5-HT1F receptor failed to alter arachidonic acid release in either cell line.The maximal increase in IP accumulation in LM(tk–) cells was modest, averaging about 100% above basal. The increases of IP and [Ca2+]i required 5-HT concentrations less than one order of magnitude greater than those inhibiting FSCA (EC50 = 17, 55 and 8 nM, respectively), and both responses were blocked by 100 M methiothepin. All three responses (cAMP, IP, and [Ca2+]i) were sensitive to pertussis toxin pre-treatment, suggesting the involvement of Gi/Go protein(s) in these signal transduction pathways. [Ca2+]i was also elevated by sumatriptan, which may provide a mechanism by which this drug causes constriction of the vasculature. In conclusion, these data indicate that the human 5-HT1F receptor can couple to multiple effectors, and that this coupling is cell-type dependent.Abbreviations FSCA
forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation
- [Ca2+]
intracellular free calcium concentration
- AA
arachidonic acid
- EEDQ
N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline
- CHO
chinese hamster ovary cell
- LM(tk–)
mouse fibroblast cell
- Bmax
maximal binding site density
- Ki
apparent dissociation constant obtained from competition binding studies
- G protein
guanine nucleotide-binding protein
- HBS
HEPES-buffered saline
- IP
inositol phosphates
- IP3
inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate
- PLC
phospholipase C
- Kb
antagonist dissociation constant
- Kd
equilibrium dissociation constant
- N-1F-6
stable NIH-3T3 cells expressing the cloned 5-HT1F receptor
- L-1F-3
stable LM(tk–) cells expressing the cloned 5-HT1F receptor
- PTX
pertussis toxin
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- METH
methiothepin
- SUMA
sumatriptan
- 5-MeO-DMT
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
- 1-NP
1-(1-napthyl)piperazine
- 5-CT
5-carboxyamidotryptamine
Correspondence to: N. Adham at the above address 相似文献
7.
Trace amines: identification of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors. 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
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B Borowsky N Adham K A Jones R Raddatz R Artymyshyn K L Ogozalek M M Durkin P P Lakhlani J A Bonini S Pathirana N Boyle X Pu E Kouranova H Lichtblau F Y Ochoa T A Branchek C Gerald 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2001,98(16):8966-8971
Tyramine, beta-phenylethylamine, tryptamine, and octopamine are biogenic amines present in trace levels in mammalian nervous systems. Although some "trace amines" have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Using a degenerate PCR approach, we have identified 15 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) from human and rodent tissues. Together with the orphan receptor PNR, these receptors form a subfamily of rhodopsin GPCRs distinct from, but related to the classical biogenic amine receptors. We have demonstrated that two of these receptors bind and/or are activated by trace amines. The cloning of mammalian GPCRs for trace amines supports a role for trace amines as neurotransmitters in vertebrates. Three of the four human receptors from this family are present in the amygdala, possibly linking trace amine receptors to affective disorders. The identification of this family of receptors should rekindle the investigation of the roles of trace amines in mammalian nervous systems and may potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutics for a variety of indications. 相似文献
8.
Endodontic microsurgery on the palatal root of maxillary molars presents a clinical challenge because of the root position and approximation from the maxillary sinus floor. Attempting a buccal or a palatal approach to address the root is associated with limited accessibility and visibility as well as the risk of injury to the maxillary sinus membrane and/or the greater palatine nerves and vessels. If all the maxillary molar roots require surgical intervention, two flaps may even be needed, which can make the procedure technically more difficult and lengthier. This case report presents 2 clinical cases in which apicoectomy was needed on the palatal roots of maxillary molars. The treatment includes selective nonsurgical retreatment of the palatal root and obturation using a root repair material followed by a surgical intervention from a buccal approach to treat the buccal roots, sinus lift using piezosurgery, and root resection of the palatal root. The approach was successful in both cases without any untoward events. We monitored the radiographic changes using cone-beam computed tomographic imaging immediately after the surgery and at multiple follow-up appointments. The cone-beam computed tomographic images revealed healing of the periapical disease around all the roots up to 14 and 24 months and apical repositioning of the maxillary sinus floor. 相似文献
9.
Background
The increasing incidence of hospital-acquired infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens has led to an increase in morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated at An-Najah National University Hospital (NNUH) in Nablus city in the occupied Palestinian territory during 2015.Methods
A retrospective study was conducted of all positive bacterial cultures obtained from the microbiology laboratory of NNUH. Results of culture and sensitivity of patients' specimens were analysed. Approval was obtained from the institutional review board of An-Najah National University.Findings
Of the 4421 cultures processed, 1335 (30·2%) were positive. 621 (46·4%) bacterial isolates were Gram-positive, 565 (42·3%) were Gram-negative organisms and 151 (11·3%) were Candida species. The most frequent Gram-positive organisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) and Enterococcus species, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (50·2%, 25·0%, and 14·8%, respectively). Enterococcus coli was the most frequent Gram-negative organism followed by Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (28·3%, 21·0%, 18·4%, and 18·4%, respectively). CoNS showed high resistance to oxacillin (89%) and erythromycin (74·6%). Enterococcus spp had the highest resistance to clindamycin (93·5%), followed by tetracycline (85·7%), and erythromycin (74·6%). S aureus isolates were resistant to oxacillin (56·0%) and erythromycin (52·0%). E coli showed high resistance to ampicillin (90·1%), ceftriaxone (77·0%), fluoroquinolones (eg, ciprofloxacin; 75·0%), and erythromycin (70·2%). K pneumoniae was mostly resistant to ampicillin (100·0%), aztreonam (83·3%), and third generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, 80·9%; ceftazidime, 78·2%; and cefotaxime, 77·2%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high resistance to tigecycline (95·4%), ceftriaxone (94·1%), and cefotaxime (95·4%). A baumannii was resistant to all tested antibiotics—including amikacin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems—except tetracycline.Interpretation
The high rates of antibiotic resistance are a cause for concern. Similar studies should be carried out at all hospitals in Palestine in an effort to control the development of antibiotic resistance and the spread of these multidrug-resistant organisms.Funding
An-Najah National University. 相似文献10.
O Burnicka-Turek BA Mohamed K Shirneshan T Thanasupawat S Hombach-Klonisch T Klonisch IM Adham 《Endocrinology》2012,153(10):4655-4665
Insulin-like factor 5 (INSL5), a member of the insulin superfamily, is expressed in the colorectum and hypothalamus. To facilitate studies into the role of INSL5, we generated Insl5(-/-) mice by gene targeting. Insl5(-/-) mice were born in the expected Mendelian ratio, reached normal body weight, but displayed impaired male and female fertility that are due to marked reduction in sperm motility and irregular length of the estrous cycle. Furthermore, Insl5(-/-) mice showed impairment in glucose homeostasis with characteristic elevation of serum glucose levels at an advanced age. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests revealed that the increased blood glucose in Insl5(-/-) mice was due to glucose intolerance resulting from reduced insulin secretion. Morphometric and immunohistological analyses revealed that the Insl5(-/-) mice had markedly reduced average islets area and β-cell numbers. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry showed the expression of INSL5 in enteroendocrine cells in the colorectal epithelium and the presence of its putative receptor relaxin family peptide receptor 4 in pancreatic islet cells. These results suggest the potential role of INSL5 signaling in the regulation of insulin secretion and β-cell homeostasis. 相似文献