双侧侧脑室外引流并脑脊液置换术治疗原发性脑室出血23例

我科自1995年1月至2005年1月共收治原发性脑室出血23例，经双侧侧脑室外引流并脑脊液置换术冶疗取得较好效果，现报道如下。     

血液透析滤过治疗高钠血症的临床分析

目的　探讨血液透析滤过 (HDF)治疗高钠血症的临床效果。方法　对 16例高钠血症患者行HDF治疗 ,动态观察血清钠以调整置换液成分。结果　 16例患者经 2～ 8h连续性静脉 -静脉血液滤过后血钠开始下降 ,6～ 2 8h可降至正常。结论　血液滤过透析治疗高钠血症效果确切 ,安全性好     

Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on biological characteristics of osteoblasts

Objective: To elucidate the effects of exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) on biological characteristics of rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro. Methods: The osteoblasts isolated from a Sprague-Dawley rat and cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of bFGF ( 5-50 ng/ml) respectively. At 24 hours after treatment, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen was measured with immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined and the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF-β1 )was detected to observe the effects of bFGF on growth and differentiation of osteoblasts. Resu/ts: bFGF ( 5-50 ng/ml ) could obviously promote the growth of osteoblasts. The intracellular expression of TGF-β1 mRNA increased significantly, but the intracellular ALP content decreased. Conclusions: bFGF can obviously stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts and promote the synthesis of TGF-β1, but cannot promote the differentiation of osteoblasts.     

Abmessung und Analyse der Bezugsflche von Acetabulum-Prothese-Transplantationin unterschiedlichen Krperlagen

Bei der Permutationsoperation des Pfannenge-lenks ist die Genauigkeit des Transplantation-swinkels der H櫣ftpfannen-Prothese ein wichtigerFaktor bez櫣glich der Auswirkung der Operation.Schlechte Positionierung der H櫣ftpfannenprothesekann zu Komplikationen wie Luxation nach Opera-tion,starke Verschleiss der Prothese,Lockerungder Prothese usw.f櫣hren[1,2].Bei der Transplan-tation der H櫣ftpfannenprothese wird meistens dieFlache zwischen Ant.Sup.Iliac spine auf beidenSeiten und Pubic t…     

不同冷冻剂型和稀释保护剂对Beagle犬精液冷冻的影响

目的通过对Beagle犬精液冷冻技术的研究,比较颗粒法以及冻管法(0．5 ml)对冷冻精子复苏率的影响,并比较几种冷冻稀释保护液对犬精液冷冻的影响。方法 5只1岁左右可正常采精的雄性Beagle犬,手握法采集精液,以不同稀释冷冻保护液处理后,分别采用颗粒及冻管法冷冻,检测冻精前的精液量、精子密度、畸形率、解冻后活率、复苏率和顶体完整率。结果采用颗粒法和冻管法的平均冻后活率相应为0．38和0．41,复苏率51．9％和53．9％,顶体完整率36．4％和37．6％, 采用冻管法的效果稍优于颗粒法,但差异不显著。应用冷冻保护剂Ⅲ,冻后活率、复苏率和顶体完整率均优于采用稀释冷冻保护剂Ⅰ和Ⅱ,但只有顶体完整率(40．7％和41．3％)与其它两种保护剂相比达到差异显著的水平。结论采用文献中报道的稀释保护液配方均可获得较好的稀释保护效果。     

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Osteosarcomas

The ultrasonographic appearances of osteosarcomas and the roles of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and surgical staging of osteosarcomas were investigated. A comparative study was performed on 45 cases of osteosarcomas by ultrasonography and radiography. Bony changes, periosteal reaction and soft tissue mass were evaluated for each lesion. The results showed that ultrasonography revealed a solid mass around bone in 42 patients, bone destruction in 24 patients and periosteal reaction in 16 patients. Plain radiographs showed bony changes in 44 patients and no bony change in remaining one patient, shadowing of soft tissue swelling in 30 patients, and pulmonary metastases in 3 patients. Surgical biopsy and pathological examination confirmed osteosarcoma in all 45 patients. Soft tissue mass was confirmed in 42 patients surgically. The diagnostic accuracy of soft tissue masses by ultrasonography and radiography was 100 % (42/42) and 71.4 % (30/42), respectively. The positive rate of ultrasonography and radiography in displaying bony changes was 53.3 % (24/45) and 97.8 % (44/45), respectively. In conclusion, in the detection of soft tissue mass of osteosarcoma, ultrasonography is superior to radiography, and in displaying bony changes of osteosarcomas, radiography is superior to ultrasonography. So it may come to a conclusion that plain radiography combined with ultrasonography can completely display the bony and soft tissue lesion of osteosarcomas.     

CT引导下I125粒子组织间植入治疗难治性肝癌

目的评估CT引导下125I粒子组织间植入治疗难治性肝癌的安全性和疗效。方法 40例经临床或病理确诊局部未控难治性肝癌患者,其中原发性肝癌27例(门静脉癌栓2例),转移性肝癌13例,在CT导向下行125I粒子组织间植入术。术前采用治疗计划系统(TPS)计算布源,125I粒子活度为0.6~0.8 m Ci,外周匹配剂量(MPD)100~140 Gy。粒子植入手术均在局麻下进行,采用经皮肝穿刺,利用单针或多针技术,平行于肿瘤/癌栓长轴方向,间隔0.5~1 cm逐一植入。采用m RECIST评估近期疗效。KaplanMeier法分析中位肿瘤进展时间(m TTP)和中位总生存时间(m OS)。结果手术操作成功率100%。肿瘤直径1.5~12.0 cm(平均4.0 cm),共植入125I粒子1 748枚(平均每例植入44枚)。近期有效率37.5%(CR 8例,PR 7例),SD 37.5%(15例),疾病控制率(DCR)75%。m TTP 7.0个月(95%CI:4.524~9.476个月),m OS10个月(95%CI:6.901~13.099个月),手术相关不良反应包括,包膜下少量出血2例(5%),粒子肝内游走2例(5%),肝区疼痛不适1例(2.5%),均无需特殊处理;1例(2.5%)术后3 h出现寒战高热,给予对症解热处理。结论 CT引导下125I粒子永久性组织间植入补救治疗难治性肝癌不仅安全,且有效,值得临床进一步推广。     

扩髓髓内钉与锁定接骨板治疗股骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的观察股骨扩髓髓内钉（RIN）和锁定接骨板（LCP）治疗股骨干骨折患者的临床疗效。方法对50例股骨干骨折患者分别采用RIN内固定（25例）和LCP内固定（25例）治疗。对比两组患者手术时间、术中失血量、切口长度、住院时间、术后8周骨痂面积、功能评价情况。结果50例均获得随访,时间RIN组11～28个月、LCP组10～32个月。术中出血量、住院时间及Flynn功能评价两组差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。RIN组手术时间较LCP组长、切口长度较LCP组短、术后第8周骨痂面积比LCP组大,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论RIN与LCP两种内固定方式均能取得良好的治疗效果,但RIN组术后骨痂形成较多,骨折愈合情况更为理想。     

布鲁氏菌心内膜炎合并急性肾损伤一例

布鲁氏菌病是一种由布鲁氏菌属引起的世界性人畜共患疾病。人类主要通过食用未经高温消毒的乳制品、吸入受感染的雾化颗粒以及与受感染的动物密切接触而感染布鲁氏菌。地中海盆地、中东、印度、墨西哥以及中、南美洲是流行地区,我国报告的病例主要集中在北方,包括新疆维吾尔自治区、内蒙古自治区、山西省和黑龙江省等[1]。     

不同肝素钠抗凝治疗方案在肝衰竭患者血浆置换中的比较研究

目的探讨肝衰竭患者血浆置换中安全有效的肝素钠抗凝治疗方案。方法选取2018年1月—8月河南省人民医院感染性疾病科收治的肝衰竭行血浆置换患者114例为研究对象。根据不同抗凝治疗方案分为肝素钠全量组(A组),仅采用首次剂量肝素钠组(B组),以及不采用首次剂量、采用术中持续匀速泵入肝素钠组(C组)。比较3组患者血浆置换治疗前后的白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)、肌酐、尿素、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、白蛋白(Alb)、前白蛋白(PA)、D-二聚体、二氧化碳结合力(CO2CP)、血红蛋白(Hb)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)及纤维蛋白原(FBG),以及血滤器及管道凝血情况。结果 3组患者WBC、PLT、肌酐、尿素、AST、ALT、TBIL、Alb、PA、D-二聚体、CO2CP治疗前后的差值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组患者的Hb、PT、APTT及FBG治疗前后的差值比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);3组患者血滤器凝血发生情况为:A组1级1例,发生率为2.5%;B组1级1例,2级1...