ALPPS与采用不同栓塞材料PVE对肝再生及手术切除率影响研究

目的 比较不同栓塞材料的门静脉栓塞术（PVE）与联合肝脏分隔和门静脉结扎的二步肝切除术（ALPPS）对剩余肝体积（FLR）增长速率的影响,比较各组FLR的增长速率,二期手术切除率、术中数据和术后并发症。方法 采用单中心、前瞻性、非随机对照的对比研究。2014年11月至2019年12月,海军军医大学第三附属医院共126例因FLR不足导致无法切除的肝细胞癌（HCC）或肝内胆管癌（ICC）病人,将其分为4组：ALPPS组及分别采用氰基丙烯酸正丁酯（NBCA）、微球、明胶海绵作为栓塞材料的PVE组。主要终点为FLR增长速率和二期手术切除率。结果 各组的手术切除例数及二期手术切除率分别为：ALPPS组38例（99.4%）,NBCA组32例（76.2%）,明胶海绵组20例（60.6%）,微球组10例（83.3%）。ALPPS组、NBCA组、微球组的FLR增长速率分别为15.1 mL/d,10.0 mL/d和 8.5 mL/d,均高于明胶海绵组（3.7 mL/d）。结论 采用NBCA及微球作为栓塞材料的PVE导致FLR增长速率低于ALPPS,两种栓塞材料的PVE二期手术切除率相当。使用NBCA作为栓塞材料的PVE其FLR增长速率高于微球,且这两种栓塞材料的栓塞效果均优于明胶海绵。     

Chemoprotective effect of plant phenolics against anthracycline-induced toxicity on rat cardiomyocytes. Part III. Apigenin, baicalelin, kaempherol, luteolin and quercetin

Flavonoids are found universally in plants and act as free radical scavenging and chelating agents with antiinflammatory, antiischemic, vasodilating and chemoprotective properties. In this study, the antilipoperoxidative and cytoprotective effects of apigenin, baicalein, kaempferol, luteolin and quercetin against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress were investigated in isolated rat heart cardiac myocytes, mitochondria and microsomes. After preincubation of cardiomyocytes with the test compounds for 1 h the cardiomyocytes were treated with the toxic agent, doxorubicin (100 micro M for 8 h). Cardiomyocyte protection was assessed by extracellular LDH and cellular ADP and ATP production. Cytoprotection was concentration dependent for baicalein > luteolin congruent with apigenin > quercetin > kaempferol. All test compounds had signi fi cantly better protective effects than dexrazoxan, an agent currently used for adjuvant therapy during anthracycline antibiotic therapy. In microsomes/mitochondria the IC(50) values of lipid peroxidation inhibition for quercetin, baicalein, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin were 3.1 +/- 0.2/8.2 +/- 0.6, 3.3 +/- 0.3/9.6 +/- 0.5, 3.9 +/- 0.3/10.1 +/- 0.8, 22.9 +/- 1.7/18.2 +/- 0.7, and 338.8 +/- 23.1/73.1 +/- 6.4 mM, respectively. The antilipoperoxidative activity of apigenin differed from its cytoprotective effects, but correlated with the free radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and half peak oxidation potential (E(p/2)). Apigenin was the least effective of the flavonoids studied in all models except the cardiomyocyte model where its cardiomyocyte cytoprotective effect was comparable to other compounds.     

80例成人肝移植的供肝动脉变异、损伤与植入前重建

目的研究供肝肝动脉变异、取修肝损伤与植入前重建的相互关系,对动脉并发症的影响。方法回顾分析2004年3月至2006年7月单个医疗组完成的80例成人肝移植资料。植入前供肝动脉重建方法:整形获得变异或受损动脉的根部袖片或斜面端口,与合适部位吻合成具有共同主干的动脉树,尽可能单次吻合。3mm以下吻合口采用8/0prolene线间断缝合,3mm及以上吻合口采用7/0prolene线四点连续锁边缝合。术后以彩色多普勒超声、CT或MRI动脉造影监测动脉血流情况,随访6～34个月。结果供肝动脉变异发生率25.0%(20/80),变异肝左动脉6.25%,变异肝右动脉12.50%,二者并存3.75%,变异肝总动脉2.50%。全组取修肝动脉损伤发生率7.5%(6/80),变异组与无变异组损伤发生率(25.0%vs1.7%)有统计学差异(P<0.01)。损伤部位以变异肝右动脉损伤最为常见,占42.9%(3/7),占变异组损伤部位的50.0%。损伤时间在取肝、修肝期各占一半(3/6),变异组损伤的60.0%(3/5)发生在修肝期,无变异组未发生修肝损伤。取肝期动脉损伤率,在变异组与无变异组间(10.0%vs1.7%)存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。全组植入前动脉重建率13.8%(11/80),变异组为55.0%(11/20),76.9%的变异肝右动脉接受了植入前重建,均来自肠系膜上动脉。无变异组未行重建。动脉重建组中,63.6%(7/11)的变异/损伤动脉与脾动脉吻合。随访期内,全组无肝动脉血栓形成,肝动脉狭窄发生率3.8%(3/80)。变异组与非变异组肝动脉狭窄发生率(5.0%vs3.3%)比较,植入前重建组与非重建组(9.1%vs2.9%)比较,均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。全组假性动脉瘤发生率1.25%,吻合口出血发生率1.25%,均在无变异组。结论肝右动脉变异是供肝动脉变异的最常见类型,常需要植入前整形重建。供肝动脉变异增加取肝、修肝过程的动脉损伤发生率,本组变异肝右动脉损伤最常见。供肝动脉变异、合适的植入前重建并不增加移植后肝动脉血栓形成、动脉狭窄的发生率。     

Comparative evaluation of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the different histological subtypes of esophageal cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of esophagus)

Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been found in patients with several malignancies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic values of CRP levels measurement in esophageal cancer (EC) patients in relation to its different histological subtypes (squamous cell carcinoma-ESCC and adenocarcinoma-AC of esophagus) and compared them with classic tumor markers-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and squamous cell cancer antigen (SCC-Ag). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for all the proteins tested were defined. Serum CRP levels were statistically higher in EC, ESCC, and AC patients compared to healthy subjects and significantly increased in EC and ESCC patients with the presence of lymph node and distant metastases. The percentage of elevated CRP results in all the analyzed subgroups (EC, ESCC, and AC) was higher than CEA and SCC-Ag, similarly as AUC for CRP in comparison to SCC-Ag. Serum CRP level was a significant predictor of EC and ESCC patients' survival in univariate analysis. In conclusion, these results indicate that CRP can be used as an adjunct in evaluating the tumor markers-CEA and SCC-Ag and may improve the clinical diagnosis and follow-up of EC patients, especially for ESCC subgroup.     

Effect of beta radiation brachytherapy in the treatment of restenosis of coronary stents

Brachytherapy currently represents the only treatment method for in-stent restenosis (ISR) confirmed in randomised clinical studies. In a group of 46 patients, selected for brachytheraphy on the bases of clinical signs of restenosis accompanied with development or deterioration of angina pectoris and with angiography results showing significant in-stent restenosis, we used a beta radiation system BetaCath NOVOSTE. This therapy was safe. Results of acute angiography were positive in 91% of patients. Clinical restenoses within 6 month of clinical monitoring occurred in 8.6% of patients. Due to impairment of more arteries in the majority of patients from the sample, following revascularisation of nontarget vessels was necessary in 19.6% of patients. We haven't observed late thrombosis. It was probably eliminated by prolonged administration of a combination of aspirin and clopidogrel. Dosimetry results during brachytherapy showed that doses of radiation both for a surgeon and a patient corresponded to a fraction of doses received from an x-ray apparatus during fluoroscopy and acquisition. Both an edge restenosis and a diffuse restenosis were identified in stenoses of patients with in-stent restenosis. Brachytherapy with beta radiation seems to be an efficient method for treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis.     

温莪术内生真菌的分离及其抗菌活性的初步研究

 目的研究温莪术内生真菌的种群组成及其代谢产物抗菌活性。方法采用内生菌常规分离法对健康温莪术植株体内的内生真菌进行了分离鉴定。以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、沙门氏菌、巴氏杆菌为测试菌种,对温莪术根、茎、叶中分离的56株内生真菌进行抗菌活性筛选。结果经初步鉴定,这些内生真菌为5目、6科、24属;抑菌实验表明,56株内生真菌中有39株对5种测试菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。结论温莪术植物含有丰富多样的内生真菌,且多数内生真菌都表现为较高的抑菌活性。     

Semirigid thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of pleural effusion: first four cases in Turkey

Medical thoracoscopy is a valuable tool in the management and investigation of pleural diseases. It has advantages when compared to conventional closed pleural biopsy and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. However, the use of this technique is limited in Turkey. The present report is about the first experience with semi-rigid thoracoscope that was implemented in our country. Four patients underwent medical thoracoscopy in September 2009 with the new device. All patients were referred due to non-diagnostic closed pleural biopsy. The use of the device was simple and fabulous views were obtained. All biopsy specimens of the 4 patients were histologically adequate. Definite diagnosis was enabled in 3 of the 4 patients when clinical features and CT findings combined with thoracoscopic specimens. The design is similar to the fiberoptic bronchoscope, respiratory physicians can easily adapt to its use. It is also compatible with most video operating systems and light sources used in endoscopy suites. The convenient use and compatibility with most endoscopic systems are raising the importance of the device. However, biopsy size from semirigid thoracoscope might cause diagnostic difficulty when compared to rigid thoracoscope.     

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??Multi-disciplinary team and conversion therapy for colorectal cancer with unresectable liver metastases??A report of 86 patients WEI-Ye*??YE Qing-hai??YU Yi-yi??et al. *Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital??Fudan University??Shanghai200032??China
Corresponding author??QIN Xin-yu??E-mail??qin.xinyu@zs-hospital.sh.cn
Abstract Objective To analyze safety and effect of the conversion therapy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) under the guidance of multi-disciplinary team (MDT). Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted for 86 patients with unresectable CLMs received MDT management and arrived conversion therapy successfully from January 2008 to December 2011 in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. The perioperative and survival outcomes??prognostic factors were evaluated. Results During the mean follow-up of 41 months (24-68 months), according to the finding time of liver metastases of 86 patients??recurrence events were 73 patients??and 39 patients died. The 1 year??2 year and 3 year overall survival rate (OS) was 90.6%??75.6% and 65.1% respectively. The median OS time was ??47.5±3.1?? months. The 1 year??2 year and 3 year disease free survival rate (DFS) was 72.1%??48.8% and 31.4% respectively. The median DFS time was ??22.0±2.9?? months. The OS and DFS were no significant difference when compared 86 patients with initially unresectable CLMs successfully arrived conversion therapy with 99 patients with initial resectable CLMs??P >0.05??. The perioperative mortality rate was 1.5%??and operative complication rate was 24.4%. Tumor regression grade and early tumor shrink could predict the prognosis of CLM patients received conversion therapy. Conclusion The conversion therapy under the guidance of MDT mode is safe and effective for unresectable CLMs. The mid-term survival rate is similar with initially resectable CLMs??and long-term survival is expected.