肝内胆管癌分型分期与治疗

Objective To investigate the typing, staging and therapeutic outcome of intrahepatic cholan-giocarcinoma (ICC). Methods The clinical data of 60 ICC patients who were admitted to the Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2000 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. ICC was classi-fied according to the type and TNM staging proposed by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan (LCSGJ). The relationships between typing, staging, surgical procedures and therapeutic outcome were investigated, as well as the relationship between the LCSGJ staging system and UICC staging system. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survivals of the 60 ICC patients were 44% (23/52), 19% (10/52) and 10% (5/52), respectively. The median survival time for patients with radical resection (n =30) , liver transplantation (n = 10), palliative surgery (n = 11) and exploratory laparotomy (n=9) were 13, 3, 3 and 1 months, respectively. The radical resection rates for mass-forming type, periductal-infiltrating type, intraductal growth type and mixed type were 23/31, 9/15, 5/6 and 3/8, respectively. There were significant relationships between tumor type, degree of differentiation and prog-nosis (χ2 = 8. 308, 10. 009, P < 0. 05), and between tumor type and lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 13. 261, 5.702, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in survival time between patients with different pathological types, but the prognosis of patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma was better than that in the other types, with a median survival time of 20months. The median survival time of patients in LCSGJ stage Ⅳ was 3. 0 months, which was significantly longer than that in UICC stage Ⅳ (χ2 =3. 877, P <0. 05). Tumor staging was intimately related to the macroscopic type χ2 =8.288, P <0. 05). Conclusions The prognosis of ICC is poor. The typing and staging of LCSGJ is concise and practical, which is helpful in guiding treatment and evaluating progno-sis. Surgical treatment should be applied to mucinous ICC, and liver transplantation is not recommended for the treatment of ICC.     

乳腺髓细胞肉瘤一例

病例：女,41岁,发现右乳肿块1周,体检发现右乳内上象限-3cm×4cm大小的肿块,质韧,表面尚光滑,活动度佳,表面皮肤无凹陷等异常。血常规检查示：WBC6．0×10^9／L．N59．1％,L17．2％,RBC 4．27×10^2／L,HB129g/L,PLT 287×10^9/L。B超检查示：右乳内上象限低回声团块32mm×40mm,边界尚清,形态不规则,内部血流丰富,内可见钙化灶,肿块内仍可见正常乳腺组织,腋下淋巴结（一）（见图1、2）。术中见肿块位于乳腺实质内,无明显包膜,     

75岁以上高龄胃癌患者临床特征分析

【目的】探讨75岁以上高龄胃癌患者临床病理特征及预后影响因素。【方法】回顾性分析2005年1月至2011年1月于本院接受手术治疗的310例老年（年龄≥60岁）胃癌患者的临床资料,310例患者按年龄分为高龄组（年龄〉75岁,n=170）与老年组（年龄≤75岁,n=140）,比较不同年龄胃癌患者的临床病理特征,分析其预后差异,筛选影响胃癌患者预后的危险因素。【结果】①高龄组男性、合并淋巴结转移、联合切除、肿瘤高／中分化、临床Ⅲ分期、肿瘤直径≥8cm、N3分期所占比例高于老年组（P〈0．05）,其胃下段肿瘤及N2分期、可耐受化疗所占比例低于老年组（P〈0．05）;②高龄组各并发症发生率均高于老年组,但仅腹痛、贫血、胃溃疡发生率相比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;③高龄组3年、5年生存率均低于老年组,且差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;④多因素分析显示联合切除、临床分期、N分期、淋巴结转移、耐受化疗是影响高龄胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素（P〈0．05）。【结论]75岁以上高龄胃癌患者以男性多见,多伴淋巴结转移,患者肿瘤分化程度高、临床分期及N分期晚、肿瘤直径大,术后并发症发生率高,对化疗耐受度低,预后较差;联合切除、淋巴结转移、临床分期、N分期、对化疗的耐受性均为影响高龄胃癌患者预后的危险因素。     

胰十二指肠切除术后区域性门静脉高压致空肠输入襻出血一例

患者,女,32岁.于2003年6月因胰岛细胞瘤在外院行胰十二指肠切除术,术中因门静脉损伤,切取脾静脉行门静脉修补术.2008年3月起反复出现黑便,间隔2-4周,每次量约1000 ml,在外院多次行上消化道钡餐X线造影和胃镜检查均未发现病变部位.     

肝内胆管癌分型分期与治疗

目的 探讨肝内胆管癌(ICC)的分型、分期与治疗结果.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2008年12月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院收治的60例ICC患者的临床资料.依据日本肝癌研究会(LCSGJ)对患者进行分型、分期.比较肿瘤分型、分期、手术方式与治疗效果的关系,并分析LCSGJ与国际抗癌协会(UICC)分期的关系.采用Log-rank法和X2检验对结果进行分析.结果 60例ICC患者中52例获得有效随访.其1、3、5年的生存率分别为44%(23/52)、19%(10/52)和10%(5/52).30例行根治性切除,10例行肝移植,11例行姑息性手术,9例行剖腹探查+活组织检杳,不同手术方式的中位生存时间分别为13、3、3和1个月.肿块型、胆管周围浸润型、胆管内型和混合型根治性手术切除率分别为23/31、9/15、5/6和3/8.肿瘤分型、分化程度与预后密切相关(χ2=8.308,10.009,P<0.05),且肿瘤分型与淋巴结转移密切相关(χ2=13.261,5.702,P<0.05).不同病理类型的中位生存时间虽差异无统计学意义,但黏液腺癌患者的预后相对较好,中位生存时间为20个月.LCSGJ分期中Ⅳ期患者的中位生存时间为3.0个月,长于UICC分期中Ⅳ期患者的1.2个月(χ2=3.877,P<0.05).LCSGJ的分型和分期密切相关(χ2=8.288,P<0.05).结论 ICC预后不良.LCSCJ的分型、分期方法简明实用,有助于指导治疗和判断预后.对黏液性ICC应采取积极的手术治疗,而肝移植原则上不用于治疗ICC.     

腹膜外直肠后表皮囊肿一例

病例：女,25岁,发现腹膜外肿块2年,增大2个月就诊。病人曾因骶尾部酸痛于当地医院体检发现盆腔肿块,行盆腔肿块切除术,术后病理示“盆腔良性畸胎瘤”。2年前于外院行“左卵巢囊肿剥离术”,术后病理诊断为“左卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤”。术中发现子宫直肠窝下方左侧腹膜后有-8cm×6cm×5cm囊性包块,未行切除。     

结直肠癌组织T细胞受体组库多样性与患者临床特征和具核梭形杆菌丰度的关联分析

目的·探究结直肠癌（colorectal cancer,CRC）组织T细胞受体（T cell receptor,TCR）组库多样性与患者临床特征以及具核梭形杆菌（Fusobacterium nucleatum,Fn）丰度之间的关系。方法·收集63例上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院胃肠外科收治的CRC患者的肿瘤组织及匹配的癌周正常黏膜组织,运用Illumina HiSeq 4000测序平台对符合质量标准的53对组织样本进行深度RNA测序,测序方案为双末端测序（pair-end 150 bp,PE150）。对原始测序数据进行质量控制和基因组注释,并利用TRUST4算法从RNA测序结果中提取肿瘤组织及癌周正常黏膜组织的TCR组库信息。同时对该53对样本16S rDNA的特定序列进行高通量测序分析,通过对测序数据进行质量控制及聚类,获得操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units,OTU）信息,并基于rdp＿16s＿v16.fa分类学数据库对OTU进行分类学注释以获取细菌的丰度信息,尤其是Fn的丰度信息。利用immunarch R包分析肿瘤组织及癌周正常黏膜组织TCR组库...     

后腹膜乳糜囊肿误诊为胰腺囊肿一例

患者男,20岁.3年前体检时发现胰尾囊性占位,大小约30 mm ×20 mm.无明显腹痛、腹胀、发热等不适,且进行性增大.入院前1个月复查B超,囊性占位增大为77 mm×43 mm.发现肿块进行性增大,腹部CT见"胰尾下缘葫芦形囊样病灶,边界光整且无强化,主胰管无明显扩张".2011年5月行剖腹探查,见"后腹膜囊性肿块,约80 mm×60 mm ×40 mm大小,位于胰腺下方、屈氏韧带左侧,呈分叶状,包膜完整,与胰腺疏松粘连,与小肠系膜粘连致密,囊液乳白色,可见一管道在胰后上行,通向乳糜池方向,估计与乳糜池相通".将囊肿完整切除,高位结扎管道.病理为"不规则淋巴管和静脉性血管,符合脉管瘤",囊液乳糜试验阳性.患者恢复顺利,术后10d出院.     

胆管癌的当前认识与诊治进展

胆管癌是一种来源于肝内或肝外胆管上皮的肿瘤,其恶性程度很高。1840年Durand—Fardel首次提出胆管癌,1965年Klatskin将肝门部胆管癌作为独立的部分,故称为Klatskin肿瘤。胆管癌占所有人类恶性肿瘤的2％以下,占消化道肿瘤的3％,近30年发病率有升高,但尚无明确的病因学解释。胆管癌预后很差,唯一治愈性治疗为手术切除或肝移植,而靶向治疗目前仍处于研究中。现对胆管癌的分类、流行病学、病因、病理、诊治等方面作一综述。     

肝内胆管癌分型分期与治疗

Objective To investigate the typing, staging and therapeutic outcome of intrahepatic cholan-giocarcinoma (ICC). Methods The clinical data of 60 ICC patients who were admitted to the Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2000 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. ICC was classi-fied according to the type and TNM staging proposed by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan (LCSGJ). The relationships between typing, staging, surgical procedures and therapeutic outcome were investigated, as well as the relationship between the LCSGJ staging system and UICC staging system. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survivals of the 60 ICC patients were 44% (23/52), 19% (10/52) and 10% (5/52), respectively. The median survival time for patients with radical resection (n =30) , liver transplantation (n = 10), palliative surgery (n = 11) and exploratory laparotomy (n=9) were 13, 3, 3 and 1 months, respectively. The radical resection rates for mass-forming type, periductal-infiltrating type, intraductal growth type and mixed type were 23/31, 9/15, 5/6 and 3/8, respectively. There were significant relationships between tumor type, degree of differentiation and prog-nosis (χ2 = 8. 308, 10. 009, P < 0. 05), and between tumor type and lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 13. 261, 5.702, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in survival time between patients with different pathological types, but the prognosis of patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma was better than that in the other types, with a median survival time of 20months. The median survival time of patients in LCSGJ stage Ⅳ was 3. 0 months, which was significantly longer than that in UICC stage Ⅳ (χ2 =3. 877, P <0. 05). Tumor staging was intimately related to the macroscopic type χ2 =8.288, P <0. 05). Conclusions The prognosis of ICC is poor. The typing and staging of LCSGJ is concise and practical, which is helpful in guiding treatment and evaluating progno-sis. Surgical treatment should be applied to mucinous ICC, and liver transplantation is not recommended for the treatment of ICC.