内侧双通道全关节镜下腓肠肌腱膜完全切断术治疗非痉挛性腓肠肌挛缩的疗效观察

目的 探讨全关节镜下腓肠肌腱膜完全切断术治疗非痉挛性腓肠肌挛缩的临床效果。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2018年9月—2020年9徐州市中心医院骨科非痉挛性腓肠肌挛缩患者22例（26足）,其中男12例（14足）、女10例（12足）,年龄15~68（42.0±15.5）岁。患者均采用内侧双通道全关节镜下腓肠肌腱膜完全切断治疗。观察患者手术时间、术中出血量及患者伤口愈合情况。术后定期随访,观察足踝部位疼痛缓解情况,患肢运动及步态恢复情况,以及术后并发症发生情况。术后12个月,采用疼痛视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评价足踝部位疼痛缓解情况,采用美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝-后足评分评价足踝部功能恢复情况,测量伸膝位踝关节最大背伸角度评价踝关节背伸功能改善情况。结果 22例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间12~32（23.1±5.7）min,术中出血量2~10（6.1±2.2）mL。术后患者住院时间2~9（5.7±1.9）d,患者手术切口均愈合良好。22例患者术后随访12~26（17.4±4.3）个月,随访期间未出现跖屈肌力明显下降、痛性瘢痕等并发症。1例患者术后踝关节背伸功能改善欠佳,1例患者术后诉腓肠神经支配区麻木,均予相应处理后好转。末次随访时VAS评分0（0,1）分,明显低于术前的6（5,8）分;AOFAS踝-后足评分为（90.1±10.5）分、伸膝位踝关节最大背伸角度为11.2°±4.3°,均明显高于术前的（70.5±12.3）分、-6.0°±3.5°：差异均有统计学意义（Z=5.46、t=23.63、t=19.89,P值均<0.001）。结论 采用全关节镜下腓肠肌腱膜完全切断术治疗非痉挛性腓肠肌挛缩,既实现了腓肠肌腱膜的彻底松解,又最大限度地避免了腓肠神经损伤的发生,具有创伤小、治疗精准、并发症少等优点。     

Endoscopic resection of symptomatic talocalcaneal coalition in adolescents using a posterior approach北大核心CSCD

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of endoscopic resection of symptomatic talocalcaneal coalitions in adolescents using a posterior approach. Methods A retrospective case-series study was performed to analyze the data of 15 adolescent patients (16 feet) with symptomatic talocalcaneal coalitions (TCC) who had been treated by posterior arthroscopy from February 2017 to December 2020 at Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital. There were 11 boys and 4 girls with an average of 14.3 years (from 11 to 17 years). The left side was affected in 9 and the right side in 5 patients, and both sides were involved in one. Ten patients had a history of ankle sprain. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) postoperatively. Results The 15 patients were followed up for a mean time of 19.9 months (from 12 to 36 months). At the final follow-up, the VAS significantly decreased from preoperative 6 (6, 7) points to 1 (1, 3) point, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score significantly increased from preoperative (54.1±10.4) points to (90.0±16.6) points, and the SF-36 score significantly improved from preoperative (55.5±12.7) points to (88.7±6.5) points (P<0.05). Follow-ups found such complications as infection, TCC recurrence or osteoarthritis in none of the patients. Conclusion Endoscopic TCC resection using a posterior approach is an effective surgery for symptomatic TCC in adolescents, showing advantages of limited invasion, fast recovery, a low rate of postoperative complications and precise resection. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. All rights reserved.     

距下关节融合治疗成人伴腓骨肌痉挛的距骨前外侧副关节面撞击综合征

目的 探讨距下关节融合治疗成人伴有腓骨肌痉挛的距骨前外侧副关节面（AATF）撞击综合征（AATFIS）的临床疗效。方法 系列病例报告。纳入2017年3月—2021年4月徐州市中心医院足踝外科伴腓骨肌痉挛的AATFIS成年患者18例（18足）,其中男10例、女8例,年龄22~56（42±11）岁。18例患者均行距下关节融合+跗骨窦清理+AATF切除术,其中7例伴腓骨短肌短缩患者同期行腓骨短肌腱延长术。术中模拟患肢负重状态,并与非负重状态交替,观察两种情况下距下关节旋转以及AATF与跟骨颈撞击情况。术后随访期间观察患者的美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）踝-后足功能评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分以及改良Ashworth量表腓骨肌肌张力分级评估,并将末次随访观察数据与术前进行对比;同时,根据患者末次随访的AOFAS踝-后足功能评分评价临床疗效。结果 18例患者均可见较大的AATF,其中软骨损伤13足、距跟前韧带损伤16足、距跟骨间韧带损伤7足,副关节面周围及跟骨颈部骨赘增生11足。患者术后恢复良好,手术切口均一期愈合。18例患者均获得随访,随访时间11~43（17.5±6.3）个月。患者术后随访期间复查影像学资料均显示距下关节融合良好,无不融合病例。术后患者痉挛解除或缓解,足弓恢复良好,后足力线良好,前中足无明显外展。末次随访时AOFAS踝-后足功能评分[（84.6±6.2）分]高于术前[（33.8±6.7）分],VAS评分[1（0,2）分]较术前[7（7,8）分]降低,改良Ashworth量表腓骨肌肌张力分级（0级9例、1级9例）较术前（3级6例、4级12例）降低,差异均有统计学意义（t=27.65、Z=3.78、Z=3.84,P值均<0.05）。根据AOFAS踝-后足功能评分评定疗效,本组患者疗效优5例、良9例、可4例。结论 距下关节融合是治疗成人伴有腓骨肌痉挛的AATFIS的一种简单而有效的方法。