人白介素- 4对牛血管内皮细胞保护作用的研究

目的:研究人白介素-4(hIL-4)对经TNF-α活化的牛主动脉内皮细胞(BAEC)的保护作用。方法:用不同浓度的hIL-4与BAEC共孵育2h后,再与4μg/L的TNF-α共孵育6h或18h。应用细胞ELISA方法,检测BAEC表面的E选择素和ICAM-1的表达;用MTT比色法测定hIL-4对BAEC活性的影响。结果:在一定浓度内用hIL-4预处理BAEC后,能明显抑制TNF-α诱导活化BAEC上的E选择素与ICAM-1的表达,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性。用MTT比色法测定BAEC活性的实验表明,各实验组BAEC的活性与对照组无明显差异性。结论:hIL-4能明显抑制TNF-α诱导活化的BAEC表达E选择素与ICAM-1;hIL-4对BAEC的正常功能具有一定的保护作用。     

树突状细胞的免疫耐受性及其在抗移植排斥中的应用

树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)作为专职抗原递呈细胞,其强大的抗原递呈以及免疫调节能力越来越引起人们的重视.近年来认为,DC具有调控免疫应答的作用,不仅可激发免疫反应,也可介导免疫耐受.DC的这种异质性决定了DC在肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病及移植排斥的免疫反应中起着重要的作用.     

肝门胆管癌的肝移植治疗：附6例报告

背景与目的 不可切除的肝内胆管癌（hCCA）患者可考虑行肝移植治疗,但在某些方面仍存在争议。因此,本研究总结6例肝移植治疗不可切除hCCA临床疗效,以期为临床诊治提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2021年3月6例在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院行肝移植治疗并规律随访的hCCA患者临床病理资料与生存情况。结果 6例肝移植术式均为原位经典全肝移植,术后病理：肿块型2例,管壁浸润型2例,内生型2例;肿瘤直径>3 cm者4例;周围神经浸润2例;门静脉侵犯3例;肝内转移2例;腺鳞癌1例,腺癌5例。组织学分级3例中分化G2,3例低分化G3;pTMN分期分别为II期1例,IIIa期1例,IIIb期1例,IIIc期2例,IV期1例。随访期间,3例存活,其中2例合并肝硬化失代偿内生息肉型腺癌患者获得长期无瘤生存,1例肿块型腺癌患者术前经新辅助放化疗后目前无瘤存活20个月;死亡3例,其中1例肿块型腺鳞癌患者术后存活18个月,2例管壁浸润型腺癌患者分别存活2个月与24个月。术前减黄操作,术后联用免疫抑制剂和化疗药物对于患者生存期无明显影响。结论 hCCA患者中,对于合并肝硬化的内生息肉型腺癌,且术前排除淋巴结转移者,即使术前不行新辅助放化疗直接行肝移植也可取得较好的疗效,但对有淋巴结转移与神经周围浸润者疗效差。     

肝移植后泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌感染者的细胞免疫功能监测和免疫抑制方案调整

目的 探讨肝移植后泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(PDR-Ab)感染者的细胞免疫功能监测及免疫抑制方案的调整.方法 回顾性总结2008年1月至2010年5月299例尸体肝移植病例并发PDR-Ab的感染和预后情况.监测肝移植后T淋巴细胞亚群及绝对计数、CD4+T淋巴细胞ATP含量,进行T淋巴细胞免疫功能评分.将14例发生PDR-Ab感染者根据免疫抑制方案的调整不同分为2组,常规治疗组(6例)的他可莫司用量不变,停用吗替麦考酚酯和泼尼松,给予头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠静脉滴注;免疫调节组(8例)在常规治疗的基础上,根据受者的T淋巴细胞免疫功能评分(TCIFS)的动态变化进行免疫抑制方案的调整.结果 两组间受者的年龄、终末期肝病模型评分、Child-Pugh评分的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术中出血量的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);术后1周、发生PDR-Ab感染时TCIFS的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但在治疗终点,免疫调节组的TCIFS明显高于常规治疗组(P＜0.05);两组间治愈率的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2个组均未发生排斥反应.结论 肝移植后并发PDR-Ab感染时,根据T淋巴细胞亚群计数和CD4+T淋巴细胞ATP值对肝移植受者的细胞免疫功能进行量化评分,以进行免疫抑制方案的调整,是降低肝移植后PDR-Ab感染病死率的有效方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the monitoring and the individualized adjustment of cellular immunology function in the recipients infected with pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(PDR-Ab)after liver transplantation.Methods We retrospectively summarized the infection and the prognosis of PDR-Ab in 299 cases of liver transplantation performed from Jan.2008 to May 2010.The absolute number of T lymphocytes and ATP level within CD4+ T cells were monitored,and T cell immunology function(TCIFS)was scored.According to different immunology adjusting proposals,14 cases of PDR-Ab infection were divided into 2 groups:(1)traditional group,routine anti-infective therapy;(2)individualized group.Individualized immunology adjustment was made according to the score of TCIFS besides routine therapy.Results There was no significant difference in age,MELD and Child-pugh score between two groups.The peri-operative bleeding volume in individualized group was more than that in traditional group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in TCIFS score between two groups at 1st week after transplantation and the onset of the PDR-Ab infection.However,the score in individualized group was apparently higher than that in traditional group when anti-infection therapy ended(P<0.05).The difference in the recovery rate between two groups was significant(P<0.05).No rejection happened in two groups.Conclusion It is an effective way to decrease the mortality of PDR-Ab infection after liver transplantation that the individualized adjustment of immunosuppression protocols is guided by grading quantitatively the cellular immunology function according to the absolute number of T lymphocytes and ATP level within CD4+ T cells.     

肝癌患者肝移植术前外周血AFP mRNA的表达与肿瘤复发及患者生存的关系

目的:探讨原发性肝细胞肝癌患者在肝移植术前外周血AFP mRNA的表达及其与术后肿瘤复发、患者预后的关系.方法:以2003年2月～2004年2月收入天津市第一中心医院的31例肝细胞肝癌行原位肝移植患者为研究对象,采用实时定量RT-PCR检测患者术前外周血AFP mRNA表达水平,均采用尸体供肝经典原位肝移植.以SPSS 12.0软件分析AFP mRNA的表达与患者术后肿瘤复发及生存的相关性.结果:31例患者中有10例AFP mRNA表达阳性,表达量为57～10 400 copy/μg,中位数为360 copy/μg.患者Child-pugh分级,肿瘤的大小、个数,病理Edmond分级与术前AFP mRNA的表达水平无关.肿瘤TNM分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的患者AFP mRNA的阳性表达率显著高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者(P=0.001);脉管浸润的患者AFP mRNA的表达水平显著高于无脉管浸润者(P=0.029).肝移植术前AFP mRNA阴性组的无瘤生存及总体生存显著高于AFP mRNA阳性组.结论:术前AFP mRNA表达的水平是肿瘤复发的危险因素,是术前可能存在肝外微转移的指标,可作为预后的判断因子.     

173例肝移植术后乙型肝炎病毒再感染防治经验回顾

目的 探讨原位肝移植术后乙型肝炎病毒再感染的预防。方法 回顾性分析了173例乙肝相关性肝病病人，移植前后给予抗病毒药物预防乙型肝炎病毒再感染，拉米呋啶2例，拉米呋啶＋乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIg）166例，阿德福韦＋HBIg5例，观察临床表现、血清HBV、HBVDNA及肝活检免疫组织化学检测等指标。结果 应用拉米呋啶预防的2例病人，有1例再感染，其血清HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb和HBVDNA均阳性，肝活检免疫组织化学检测有HBsAg表达。用拉米呋啶＋HBIg预防的166例中，有3例再感染，血清均HBsAg、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性，肝活检免疫组织化学检测有HBsAg表达，其中1例血清HBVDNA阳性，有1例经治疗后HBsAg又转阴。用阿德福韦＋拉米呋啶＋HBIg预防的5例中，血清学和肝活检免疫组织化学检测均无HBsAg表达。结论 原位肝移植术是治疗HBV相关性终末期肝病的有效手段，拉米呋啶＋HBIg或拉米呋啶＋阿德福韦＋HBIg联合应用可以有效预防乙型肝炎病毒的再感染。     

肝细胞肝癌循环肿瘤细胞研究进展及其在肝移植中的应用前景

肝细胞肝癌（HCC）是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,HCC的早期诊断和预后评估在肝癌治疗中具有重要意义。循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）作为HCC复发转移中的关键环节以及HCC—CTC检测的可行性,使其成为肝癌研究的前沿和热点,在肝移植术后免疫抑制状态下,CTC产生并存活下来的概率大大增加。本文就HCC-CTC与其他循环肿瘤细胞的区别、HCC—CTC检测方法和临床研究进展以及在肝癌肝移植中的应用前景进行了综述。     

维生素K2预防肝癌根治术后肿瘤复发

Objective To study the preventive effects of vitamin K2 on tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellalar carcinoma (HCC) after radical resection. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with HCC who received radical resection from March 2006 to March 2007 in No. 181 Hospital of PLA were analyzed retrospec-tively. All the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table. Twenty-six patients in vitamin K2 group were administered with menatetrenone (45 mg per day), and the rest 24 pateints were in the control group. The accumulative and tumor-free survival rates, differences between the 2 groups, multivariate factors for prognosis were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve, Log-rank test and Cox regression model, respectively. Results During a period of 36 month follow-up, 10 patients died and 28 had tunor recurrence. The 1-, 2-, 3-year accumulative survival rates were 96%, 92% and 83% in vitamin K2 group, and 96%, 82% and 63% in control group (χ2 = 3.61, P > 0.05). The 1-, 2-, 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 92%, 60% and 38% in vitamin K2 group, and 75%, 42% and 12% in control group, with significant difference between the 2 groups (χ2 =5.61, P <0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that without taking menate-trenone, the preoperative level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) ≥800 μg/L and vascular invasion were the indepen-dent risk factors for tumor recurrence. Conclusions Vitamin K2 has a suppressive effect on tumor recurrence of HCC, while patients with AFP≥800 μg/L before operation or with vascular invasion have poor prognosis.