两种不同方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效比较(英文)

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the recent efficacy and toxicity of a three-drug platinum-based regimen (A regimen): [cisplatin (DDP) + gemcitabine (GEM) + vinorelbine (NVB)] and a two-drug combination without a platinum drug (B regimen): GEM + NVB, which were used to treat 55 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, in a bid to provide a guidance for clinical treatment. Methods: Twenty-four cases of advanced NSCLC (stage III-IV) patients were treated with A regimen ...     

恶性肿瘤患者尿液RBP和β2-MG检测的临床意义

视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)是反映肾小管损伤的较新指标。β2-微球蛋白是证实肾脏损伤的经典指标。为了解肿瘤患者尿中RBP和β2-MG与恶性肿瘤患者肾损害的关系,分别采用ELISA和RIA技术检测208例恶性肿瘤患者尿RBP和β2-MG。结果其测定值明显高于正常对照组。RBP和β2-MG检测阳性率分别为625%和6202%(P>005)。研究还表明手术明显降低了患者β2-MG和RBP检测阳性率(P<005)。而化疗则对患者肾功改善无太大帮助(P>005)。这可能与损伤肾脏化疗药物的广泛应用有关。RBP检测较少受肾外因素影响、在尿液中较β2-MG更稳定,检测方法更简便。RBP可优先作为肿瘤患者肾损害的一个监测指标。     

Research Progress on Emerging Viral Pathogens of Small Ruminants in China during the Last Decade

China is the country with the largest number of domestic small ruminants in the world. Recently, the intensive and large-scale sheep/goat raising industry has developed rapidly, especially in nonpastoral regions. Frequent trading, allocation, and transportation result in the introduction and prevalence of new pathogens. Several new viral pathogens (peste des petits ruminants virus, caprine parainfluenza virus type 3, border disease virus, enzootic nasal tumor virus, caprine herpesvirus 1, enterovirus) have been circulating and identified in China, which has attracted extensive attention from both farmers and researchers. During the last decade, studies examining the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and vaccines for these emerging viruses have been conducted. In this review, we focus on the latest findings and research progress related to these newly identified viral pathogens in China, discuss the current situation and problems, and propose research directions and prevention strategies for different diseases in the future. Our aim is to provide comprehensive and valuable information for the prevention and control of these emerging viruses and highlight the importance of surveillance of emerging or re-emerging viruses.     

阿苯达唑口服纳米球的制备及释药动力学研究

目的 :制备阿苯达唑聚氰基丙烯酸酯口服纳米球 (ABZ-PBCA-NP) ,并考察其体外累积溶出速率。方法 :采用乳化聚合二步法制备阿苯达唑口服纳米球 ,以包封率为考察指标 ,应用 L9(3 4 )正交试验设计优化处方。同时 ,以原料药混悬液对照 ,进行体外动态释药试验。结果 :当空白纳米球 p H为 5 .0 ,与阿苯达唑液的体积比 1.2∶ 1,氰基丙烯酸正丁酯浓度为 1%时 ,制备口服纳米球的包封率最高 ,即 (60 .0 3± 5 .5 0 ) %。在 p H=5 .0的磷酸缓冲溶液中 ,阿苯达唑口服纳米球释药符合 Higuchi方程 ,阿苯达唑混悬液释药符合威布尔分布函数。结论 :二步优化法制备阿苯达唑口服纳米球具有较高的包封率和明显的缓释作用     

西妥昔单抗联合IMRT同步化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效观察

目的 观察西妥昔单抗联合调强适形放疗(IMRT)同步顺铂化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床疗效及不良反应.方法 选取2010年1月～2013年1月我科收治的64例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组32例.实试组给予西妥昔单抗联合适形放疗同步顺铂化疗,对照组给予适形放疗同步顺铂化疗,观察比较两组的临床疗效及不良反应.结果 治疗后近期疗效,室验组和对照组的总有效率分别为90.6％和68.8％,疾病控制率分别为100.0％和81.3％;远期疗效,实验组和对照组的总有效率分别为78.1％和53.1％,疾病控制率分别为96.9％和75.0％.实验组的近、远期疗效均优于对照组(P＜0.05),两组不良反应发生情况未见明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 西妥昔单抗联合适形放疗同步顺铂化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌具有较好的临床疗效和安全性,值得临床推广.     

晚期非小细胞肺癌综合治疗的前瞻性研究

目的探讨提高Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌治疗效果的方法。方法85例Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为3组,并进行不同顺序的治疗,A组(化疗+手术+放疗)28例,放疗后配合辅助化疗;B组(手术+化疗+放疗)28例;C组(手术+放疗+化疗)29例。比较各组3年生存率、局部区域复发率和远处转移率的差异性。结果A、B、C3组3年生存率分别为75.00%,53.57%,44.83%,其中A组与C组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);3组局部区域复发率分别为7.14%,32.14%,17.24%,其中A组与B组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);各组远处转移率分别为7.14%,10.71%,37.93%,其中A组与C组及B组与C组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论术前化疗再手术,配合术后放疗及辅助化疗,可提高治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。     

Salvianolic acid B protects human endothelial progenitor cells against oxidative stress-mediated dysfunction by modulating Akt/mTOR/4EBP1, p38 MAPK/ATF2, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways

The vascular endothelium is specifically sensitive to oxidative stress, and this is one of the mechanisms that causes widespread endothelial dysfunction in most cardiovascular diseases and disorders. Protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage via antioxidant mechanisms is essential for tissue maintenance and shows therapeutic potential for patients suffering from cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Salvianolic acid B (SalB), a natural bioactive component known from Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been reported to exert cellular protection in various types of cells. However, the underlying mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, we showed that SalB significantly promoted the migratory and tube formation abilities of human bone marrow derived-endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) in vitro, and substantially abrogated hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced cell damage. SalB down-regulated Nox4 and eNOS, as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase expression upon H₂O₂ induction that in turn prevents oxidative-induced endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, SalB suppressed the Bax/Bcl-xL ratio and caspase-3 activation after H₂O₂ induction. Furthermore, our results provide mechanistic evidence that activation of the mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 pathways is required for both SalB-mediated angiogenic and protective effects against oxidative stress-induced cell injury in BM-EPCs. Suppression of MKK3/6-p38 MAPK-ATF2 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways by SalB significantly protected BM-EPCs against cell injury caused by oxidative stress via reduction of intracellular ROS levels and apoptosis. Taken together, by providing a mechanistic insight into the modulation of redox states in BM-EPCs by SalB, we suggest that SalB has a strong potential of being a new proangiogenic and cytoprotective therapeutic agent with applications in the field of endothelial injury-mediated vascular diseases.     

Salidroside exerts angiogenic and cytoprotective effects on human bone marrowderived endothelial progenitor cells via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K and MAPK signalling pathways

Background and Purpose

With the increase of age, increased susceptibility to apoptosis and senescence may contribute to proliferative and functional impairment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether salidroside (SAL) can induce angiogenic differentiation and inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in bone marrow-derived EPCs (BM-EPCs), and if so, through what mechanism.

Experimental Approach

BM-EPCs were isolated and treated with different concentrations of SAL for up to 4 days. Cell proliferation, migration and tube formation ability were detected by DNA content quantification, transwell assay and Matrigel-based angiogenesis assay. Gene and protein expression were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively.

Key Results

Treatment with SAL promoted cellular proliferation and angiogenic differentiation of BM-EPCs, and increased VEGF and NO secretion, which in turn mediated the enhanced angiogenic differentiation of BM-EPCs. Furthermore, SAL significantly attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced cell apoptosis, reduced the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential of BM-EPCs. Moreover, SAL stimulated the phosphorylation of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin and p70 S6 kinase, as well as ERK1/2, which is associated with cell migration and capillary tube formation. Additionally, SAL reversed the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK induced by H₂O₂ and suppressed the changes in the Bax/Bcl-xL ratio observed after stimulation with H₂O₂.

Conclusions and Implications

These findings identify novel mechanisms that regulate EPC function and suggest that SAL has therapeutic potential as a new agent to enhance vasculogenesis as well as protect against oxidative endothelial injury.