大步迈向新百年

过去的一年非凡、辉煌,我们隆重地庆祝伟大的、光荣的、正确的中国共产党百年华诞,我们也纪念敬爱的林巧稚大夫诞辰120周年。新的百年开始了!紧跟祖国快速发展的步伐,作为妇产科医生,我们一定要做出更多的、更出色的工作,实现“健康中国2030”的宏伟目标。从脱贫、致富、图强,国民的健康日趋重要。     

PFNA在老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者中的应用

目的观察PFNA治疗老年粗隆间骨折的效果。方法对24例合并内科疾病的老年粗隆间骨折患者行闭式复位,C-型臂透视下复位满意后置入PFNA固定。按Harris评分标准对髋关节评分。结果 24例患者手术时间30~65 min,术中出血80~200 m L,术中无输血病例,术后未放置引流,切口均Ⅰ期愈合,原有内科疾病无加重。患者均获6~14个月的随访,骨折均获骨性愈合,愈合时间15~24.2周。1例螺旋刀片向外滑动约0.5 cm,但未切割出头,发生轻度髋内翻畸形。无1例压疮及深静脉血栓发生。术后12个月髋关节功能Harris评分优良率达95.83%(23/24)。结论应用PFNA治疗合并内科疾病粗隆间骨折的老年患者,创伤小,固定牢固,术后并发症少。     

影响椎管扩大成形术治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病疗效的术前因素分析

目的探讨单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效,分析术前因素为判断患者预后提供一定依据。方法 2013年6月至2016年11月,我科收治多节段脊髓型颈椎病并接受单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗获得随访患者47例,其中男29例,女18例;年龄36～72岁,平均(55.26±9.30)岁。测量患者的颈椎曲度、脊髓信号强度、脊髓受压程度。多元线性回归分析日本骨科协会(Japanese orthopaedic association,JOA)评分改善率与年龄、病程、颈椎曲度、脊髓信号强度、脊髓受压程度、术前JOA评分的关系。结果 47例患者均获得随访,随访时间14～19个月,平均16.5个月。JOA评分由术前的(9.23±1.18)分升至末次随访时的(13.23±1.66)分,平均改善率为(51.93±19.03)%。改善率与病程、脊髓信号强度、脊髓受压程度之间有直线相关关系。进入逐步回归方程的因素有脊髓受压程度、病程、脊髓信号强度,标准化回归系数依次是-0.224、-0.344、-0.406。结论单开门椎管扩大成形术是治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的有效方法,影响改善率的主要因素是脊髓受压程度、病程、脊髓信号强度。     

清热散治疗老年肺炎心气不足证的验案浅析

老年肺炎治疗由于其特殊的生理、病理特点,病情往往复杂多变,尤其需要对患者症状仔细甄别。本案为陈旧性脑梗、白细胞减少的免疫功能低下的老年患者,以午后至次日清晨发热、口干欲饮水、小便自利为主症,辨证属心气不足证,以扶正祛邪为原则,以补养心气,透热除邪为主要治法,以清热散为主方,临床获得良效。该案显示老年肺炎多属正虚邪恋、心气不足一类特殊证型,清热散加减是治疗该证的有效方剂。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

新英格兰医学杂志

药物流产后索氏梭菌相关的致命中毒性休克综合征;复合型口服避孕药在系统性红斑狼疮妇女中的应用;绝经后早期乳腺癌患者应用来曲唑和他莫昔芬的疗效比较[编者按]     

舶来的"四泉利润"

“做个加盟店很不划算，交加盟费、风险金，还要给特许商管理费……”，许多意向加盟商都有这种说法。有些特许商也常说：“开上几十家店，加盟费都赚不过来，自已还可以直营，还有管理费、促销费、培训费……”这正应了“羊毛出在羊身上”这句古话。     

腹腔镜下性腺切除术17例临床分析

性分化和发育异常，临床非常少见，其中一部分患者因含有Y染色体需要切除性腺。传统的手术方式是开腹探在，再行陛腺切除。我们自2003年7月至2005年10月，开展了腹腔镜下性腺切除术，效果满意。现报道如下。