豨莶脂溶性成分的研究

从豨莶(Siegesbeckia orientalis L.)的地上部分,分离出八个化合物,其中I和I根据理化性质和光谱数据确定其结构为ent-17-acetoxy-18-isobutyryloxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(I)和ent-17-ethoxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(II),均为新化合物,分别被命为豨莶酯酸(siegesesteric acid,I)和豨莶醚酸(siegesetheric acid,I)。其余化合物分别鉴定为腺梗豨莶萜醇酸(ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oicacid,II),奇任醇(kirenol,IV,β-谷甾醇葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterolglucoside,V),二十一醇(heneicosanol,VI),花生酸甲酯(methyl arachidate,VII)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,VII)。除奇任醇和β-谷甾醇外,均为首次从该植物中分得。     

Recreational use of aminorex and pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension has been associated with ingestion of the appetite suppressant aminorex. A similar compound, 4-methyl-aminorex (street names, "U-4-E-uh" [pronounced euphoria] or "ice"), is a "designer" drug with central stimulant activity. This drug was discovered on the property of three individuals with diagnoses of pulmonary hypertension. The association between "recreational" aminorex manufacture and ingestion and the development of pulmonary hypertension is described.     

Presystolic mitral closure sound in aortic regurgitation with left ventricular hypertrophy and first degree heart block.

We report a patient who developed aortic regurgitation and first degree atrioventricular block caused by infective endocarditis complicating aortic valve stenosis. There was premature closure of the mitral valve and, in the absence of an Austin Flint murmur, a simultaneous high frequency sound was audible which we regard as a presystolic first heart sound. That such a sound may be associated with valve closure, even though this precedes electrical and mechanical ventricular systole, provides further support for the valvular origin of the first heart sound.     

Valvular heart disease and pregnancy

Among women with valvular heart disease, those with mitral stenosis carry the greatest potential for problems during pregnancy. Asymptomatic women with aortic stenosis and only mild or moderate left ventricular outflow obstruction generally tolerate pregnancy well, as do those with regurgitant lesions. In Marfan syndrome, pregnancy should not be undertaken if the aortic root dimension exceeds 4 cm. Even if the aortic root is normal, a small increased risk of dissection is present. Women with well-functioning bioprosthetic valves and normal hemodynamics may safely undertake a pregnancy, although bioprostheses deteriorate rapidly in young people.     

Left ventricular relaxation and filling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An echocardiographic study.

Echocardiograms showing left ventricular cavity and mitral valve cusps simultaneously were recorded in 36 patients, apex cardiograms being obtained in 26 of them. These were digitised and continuous plots made of left ventricular dimension, its rate of change, and anterior mitral leaflet velocity, and were compared with those in 20 normal subjects. Peak mitral diastolic closure rate was reduced to 120 +/- 80 mm/s, compared with normal (250 +/- 60 mm/s). Peak rate of increase of dimension was normal (13.4 cm/s), though the pattern of filling was disturbed, with the duration of rapid filling prolonged in 5, and shortened in 15, suggesting restriction. Mitral valve opening, normally synchronous with minimum dimension, was delayed by a mean of 76 ms, and during this period there was an abnormal increase in dimension. Dimension also increased by 50 +/- 25 per cent of the total diastolic excursion before the 'O' point of the apex cardiogram compared with 21 +/- 7 per cent in normals, and the timing of peak rate of increase of dimension was delayed by 50 +/- 20 ms instead of being synchronous with the 'O' point as normal. None of these findings correlated with the reduction in peak mitral diastolic closure rate. Noninvasive methods thus show that relaxation may be abnormal in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Delay in mitral valve opening and disturbances in the rate, duration, and co-ordination of wall movement during filling suggest the presence of segmental abnormalities of left ventricular function.     

中西医理论治疗食管癌进展

食管癌是世界第八大癌症,死亡率更高居全球第6位．尽管放射治疗和化学治疗技术近年不断改进,但是患者5 a生存率仍低．外科切除手术为本病的根治方法,然而,只有早期患者才适合作手术治疗．随着人类对基因和蛋白质的更深认识,靶向治疗日趋成熟,近年基因治疗的开发为食管癌的治疗提供了新希望．鉴于手术、放化疗的不良副作用,中医药治疗和饮食治疗尤适合帮助食管癌患者的调理和恢复,并能配合西医治疗手段,以达相辅相成之效．本文对食管癌作出较详尽的介绍,并阐述目前食管癌治疗的最新进展．     

Familial pulmonary valve stenosis, atrial septal defect, and unique electrocardiogram abnormalities.

The familial association of pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect, and unique electrocardiographic abnormalities involving a mother and two children is reported. Familial pulmonary stenosis not occurring as part of a named syndrome or without associated multiple congenital abnormalities is rare. The constellation of pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect, and the particular electrocardiogram abnormalities present here is to our knowledge previously unreported. The pattern of inheritance is consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of transmission.     

替硝唑软膏的研制与临床应用

目的:研究替硝唑软膏,并应用于临床。方法:参照同类制剂,确定最优组方和制备方法,采用紫外分光光度法测定含量,用比较法进行临床疗效观察。结果:制剂制备简单,含量测定方法简便,结果可靠,经临床应用牙周炎、牙龈炎患者62例,总有效率95.3％。结论:本品是治疗牙周炎、牙龈炎的理想制剂,值得推广应用。