全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8087篇 |
免费 | 423篇 |
国内免费 | 83篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 40篇 |
儿科学 | 155篇 |
妇产科学 | 136篇 |
基础医学 | 1176篇 |
口腔科学 | 164篇 |
临床医学 | 468篇 |
内科学 | 2096篇 |
皮肤病学 | 277篇 |
神经病学 | 652篇 |
特种医学 | 344篇 |
外科学 | 1183篇 |
综合类 | 26篇 |
预防医学 | 215篇 |
眼科学 | 77篇 |
药学 | 646篇 |
中国医学 | 18篇 |
肿瘤学 | 920篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 38篇 |
2022年 | 84篇 |
2021年 | 172篇 |
2020年 | 91篇 |
2019年 | 123篇 |
2018年 | 175篇 |
2017年 | 172篇 |
2016年 | 178篇 |
2015年 | 194篇 |
2014年 | 264篇 |
2013年 | 305篇 |
2012年 | 515篇 |
2011年 | 575篇 |
2010年 | 334篇 |
2009年 | 255篇 |
2008年 | 475篇 |
2007年 | 549篇 |
2006年 | 542篇 |
2005年 | 543篇 |
2004年 | 525篇 |
2003年 | 545篇 |
2002年 | 526篇 |
2001年 | 131篇 |
2000年 | 95篇 |
1999年 | 121篇 |
1998年 | 132篇 |
1997年 | 89篇 |
1996年 | 76篇 |
1995年 | 76篇 |
1994年 | 72篇 |
1993年 | 59篇 |
1992年 | 67篇 |
1991年 | 55篇 |
1990年 | 53篇 |
1989年 | 53篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
1972年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有8593条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
This retrospective study aimed to evaluate radiation-induced pneumonitis (RIP) and a related condition that we define in this report—prolonged minimal RIP (pmRIP)—after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for Stage I primary lung cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed 136 Stage I lung cancer patients with COPD who underwent SBRT. Airflow limitation on spirometry was classified into four Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades, with minor modifications: GOLD 1 (mild), GOLD 2 (moderate), GOLD 3 (severe) and GOLD 4 (very severe). On this basis, we defined two subgroups: COPD-free (COPD −) and COPD-positive (COPD +). There was no significant difference in overall survival or cause-specific–survival between these groups. Of the 136 patients, 44 (32%) had pmRIP. Multivariate analysis showed that COPD and the Brinkman index were statistically significant risk factors for the development of pmRIP. COPD and the Brinkman index were predictive factors for pmRIP, although our findings also indicate that SBRT can be tolerated in early lung cancer patients with COPD. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kei Kamide Yoshihiro Kokubo Hironori Hanada Junko Nagura Jin Yang Shin Takiuchi Chihiro Tanaka Mariko Banno Yoshikazu Miwa Masayoshi Yoshii Tetsutaro Matayoshi Hisayo Yasuda Takeshi Horio Akira Okayama Hitonobu Tomoike Yuhei Kawano Toshiyuki Miyata 《Hypertension research》2006,29(4):243-252
Mutations in the gene encoding 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, HSD11B2, cause a rare monogenic juvenile hypertensive syndrome called apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME). In AME, defective HSD11B2 enzyme activity results in overstimulation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) by cortisol, causing sodium retention, hypokalemia, and salt-dependent hypertension. Here, we have studied whether genetic variations in HDS11B2 are implicated in essential hypertension in Japanese hypertensives and the general population. By sequencing the entire coding region and the promoter region of HDS11B2 in 953 Japanese hypertensives, we identified five missense mutations in 11 patients (L14F, n = 5; R74H, n = 1; R147H, n = 3; T156I, n = 1; R335H, n = 1) and one novel frameshift mutation (4884Gdel, n = 1) in a heterozygous state, in addition to 19 genetic variations. All genetic variations identified were rare, with minor allele frequencies less than 0.005. Four of 12 patients with the missense/frameshift mutations showed renal failure. Four missense mutations, L14F, R74H, R147H, and R335H, were successfully genotyped in the general population, with a sample size of 3,655 individuals (2,175 normotensives and 1,480 hypertensives). Mutations L14F, R74H, R147H, and R335H were identified in hypertensives (n = 6, 8, 3, and 0, respectively) and normotensives (n = 8, 12, 5, and 0, respectively) with a similar frequency, suggesting that these missense mutations may not strongly affect the etiology of essential hypertension. Since the allele frequency of all of the genetic variations identified in this study was rare, an association study was not conducted. Taken together, our results indicate that missense mutations in HSD11B2 do not substantially contribute to essential hypertension in Japanese. 相似文献
6.
Hirotaka Koizuml Mikita Morita Shinya Mikaml Eiichi Shibayama Toshiyuki Uchikoshi 《Pathology international》1998,48(2):93-101
The Trk family of tyrosine protein kinase receptors plays a significant role in the development and maintenance of neural tissues. It has been recently shown that Trk receptors are also expressed by a wide range of normal non-neuronal tissues in humans in a cell type-specific manner. In the present study, the expression patterns of TrkA in 337 non-neuronal invasive carcinomas of 15 different human tissues were investigated immunohistochemically. Overall, 133 (39%), 101 (30%) and 103 (31%) tumors exhibited strong, moderate and no TrkA Immunoreactivity, respectively. Esophageal and thyroid carcinomas expressed high levels of TrkA, whereas the levels in gastric and colon cancers were low. TrkA expression was detected not only in carcinomas originating from TrkA-positive normal counterpart tissues, Including the esophagus, breast, lung and uterus, but also in those from TrkA-negative tissues/cells of the thyroid, liver and ovary. Immunostaining for nerve growth factor-β, the specific ligand for TrkA, in esophageal and breast carcinomas demonstrated its immunoreactivity in stromal fibroblasts and some TrkA-expressing tumor cells. These results suggest that paracrine/autocrine regulation via stromal/tumoral NGF-tumoral TrkA interaction may be involved In the growth of certain non-neuronal carcinomas. 相似文献
7.
Hisato Takagi Toshiyuki Tanabashi Norikazu Kawai Takuya Umemoto 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2007,32(2):400; author reply 400-400; author reply 401
8.
Objective To establish a means for prenatal prediction of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) through survival motor neuron (SMN) gene deletion analysis and genetic counseling in families with a child affected with SMA.
Methods Genetic analysis for prenatal prediction of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease was performed in a at risk Chinese family by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in SMN gene exons 7 and 8.
Results The pregnancy was positive for the homozygous deletion of the SMN gene, thus the fetus was diagnosed as being affected and the pregnancy was terminated.
Conclusion This approach is fast and reliable for DNA-based prenatal diagnosis of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease. 相似文献
Methods Genetic analysis for prenatal prediction of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease was performed in a at risk Chinese family by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in SMN gene exons 7 and 8.
Results The pregnancy was positive for the homozygous deletion of the SMN gene, thus the fetus was diagnosed as being affected and the pregnancy was terminated.
Conclusion This approach is fast and reliable for DNA-based prenatal diagnosis of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease. 相似文献
9.
M. Mizuguchi H. Yamanouchi T. Ichiyama M. Shiomi 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》2007,115(S186):45-56
Acute encephalopathy is the most serious complication of pediatric viral infections, such as influenza and exanthem subitum. It occurs worldwide, but is most prevalent in East Asia, and every year several hundreds of Japanese children are affected by influenza-associated encephalopathy. Mortality has recently declined, but is still high. Many survivors are left with motor and intellectual disabilities, and some with epilepsy. This article reviews various syndromes of acute encephalopathy by classifying them into three major categories. The first group caused by metabolic derangement consists of various inherited metabolic disorders and the classical Reye syndrome. Salicylate is a risk factor of the latter condition. The second group, characterized by a systemic cytokine storm and vasogenic brain edema, includes Reye-like syndrome, hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, and acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as diclofenac sodium and mephenamic acid, may aggravate these syndromes. Severe cases are complicated by multiple organ failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Mortality is high, although methylprednisolone pulse therapy may be beneficial in some cases. The third group, characterized by localized edema of the cerebral cortex, has recently been termed acute encephalopathy with febrile convulsive status epilepticus, and includes hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia syndrome and acute infantile encephalopathy predominantly affecting the frontal lobes. Theophylline is a risk factor of these syndromes. The pathogenesis is yet to be clarified, but an increasing body of evidence points to excitotoxicity and delayed neuronal death. 相似文献
10.
Imura Akihiro; Hori Toshiyuki; Imada Kazunori; Kawamata Shin; Tanaka Yuetsu; Imamura Sadao; Uchiyama Takashi 《Blood》1997,89(8):2951-2958