Least-square conformal brain mapping with spring energy

The human brain cortex is a highly convoluted sheet. Mapping of the cortical surface into a canonical coordinate space is an important tool for the study of the structure and function of the brain. Here, we present a technique based on least-square conformal mapping with spring energy for the mapping of the cortical surface. This method aims to reduce the metric and area distortion while maintaining the conformal map and computation efficiency. We demonstrate through numerical results that this method effectively controls metric and area distortion, and is computational efficient. This technique is particularly useful for fast visualization of the brain cortex.     

Physiological correlates of perceptual learning in monkey V1 and V2

Performance in visual discrimination tasks improves with practice. Although the psychophysical parameters of these improvements have suggested the involvement of early areas in visual cortex, there has been little direct study of the physiological correlates of such perceptual learning at the level of individual neurons. To examine how neuronal response properties in the early visual system may change with practice, we trained monkeys for more than 6 mo in an orientation discrimination task in which behaviorally relevant stimuli were restricted to a particular retinal location and oriented around a specific orientation. During training the monkeys' discrimination thresholds gradually improved to much better than those of naive monkeys or humans. Although this improvement was specific to the trained orientation, it showed little retinotopic specificity. The receptive field properties of single neurons from regions representing the trained location and a location in the opposite visual hemifield were measured in V1 and V2. In most respects the receptive field properties in the representations of the trained and untrained regions were indistinguishable. However, in the regions of V1 and V2 representing the trained location, there were slightly fewer neurons whose optimal orientation was near the trained orientation. This resulted in a small but significant decrease in the V1 population response to the trained orientation at the trained location. Consequently, the observed neuronal populations did not exhibit any orientation-specific biases sufficient to explain the orientation specificity of the behavioral improvement. Pooling models suggest that the behavioral improvement was accomplished with a task-dependent and orientation-selective pooling of unaltered signals from early visual neurons. These data suggest that, even for training with stimuli suited to the selectivities found in early areas of visual cortex, behavioral improvements can occur in the absence of pronounced changes in the physiology of those areas.     

新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征肺表面活性物质治疗后肺氧合功能和尿量变化的观察

目的　探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征 (RDS)予肺表面活性物质 (PS)治疗后的尿量变化及尿量与肺氧合功能的关系。方法　对新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU)行呼吸机治疗的 2 0例RDS患儿予血气监测及每小时尿量和入量监测。结果　观察组 (PS组 )最大尿量峰值出现于生后 6 0h ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。尿量 /入量比值PS组于生后 48h即大于 0 8,而对照组的上述比值大于 0 8出现于生后 6 0h。尿量与动脉 /肺泡氧分压比值 (PaO2 /PAO2 )有显著相关性 (r =0 7414,P <0 0 5 )。结论　RDS病程中随着尿量增加肺氧合功能改善 ,予PS治疗后利尿期最大尿量峰值增大 ,出现时间早 ,提示在PS治疗后更应该密切观察尿量变化 ,判断病情的恢复。     

利培酮在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨利培酮在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年1月至12月瑞金安康医院收治的78例精神分裂症患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组（39例）和对照组（39例）。观察组给予利培酮治疗,对照组给予奥氮平治疗,疗程均为12周。比较两组治疗前后的血清脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、胰岛素样生长因子-2(IGF-2)、白细胞介素-13(IL-13)水平及社会功能评定量表（SSFPI）、智能精神状态检查量表（MMSE）、阳性阴性症状量表（PANSS）评分,观察两组的疗效及药物不良反应。结果 两组治疗后的血清BDNF、IGF-2、IL-13水平高于同组治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组治疗后的血清BDNF、IGF-2水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组治疗后的血清IL-13水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组治疗后的SSFPI及MMSE评分高于同组治疗前,而PANSS评分低于同组治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）;观察组治疗后的SSFPI及MMSE评分高于对照组,而PANSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义...     

Inhibition of human Na(v)1.5 sodium channels by strychnine and its analogs

Strychnine and brucine from the seeds of the plant Strychnos nux vomica have been shown to have interesting pharmacological effects on several neurotransmitter receptors. In this study, we have characterized the pharmacological properties of strychnine and its analogs on human Na_v1.5 channels to assess their potential therapeutic advantage in certain arrhythmias. Among the eight alkaloids, only strychnine and icajine exhibited inhibition potency on the Na_v1.5 channel with the half-maximum inhibition (IC₅₀) values of 83.1 μM and 104.6 μM, respectively. Structure–function analysis indicated that the increased bulky methoxy groups on the phenyl ring or the negatively charged oxygen atom may account for this lack of inhibition on the Na_v1.5 channel. Strychnine and icajine may bind to the channel by cation–π interactions. The substitution with a large side chain on the phenyl ring or the increased molecular volume may alter the optimized position for the compound close to the binding sites of the channel. Strychnine and icajine bind to the Na_v1.5 channel with a new mechanism that is different from TTX and local anesthetics. They bind to the outer vestibule of the channel pore with fast association and dissociation rates at resting state. Strychnine and icajine had little effect on steady-state fast inactivation but markedly shifted the slow inactivation of Na_v1.5 currents toward more hyperpolarized potentials. The property of icajine influencing slow-inactivated state of Na_v1.5 channel would be potential therapeutic advantages in certain arrhythmias.     

基质诱导的自体软骨移植术后3T磁共振T2mapping成像对移植软骨的分层定量评价

目的评估磁共振T2mapping成像技术在基质诱导自体软骨移植（MACT）术后的定量分析价值。方法纳入6例膝关节
MACT术后患者（9处软骨损伤）,分别在术后3月、6月及12月进行磁共振动态随访检查,测量软骨修复区与正常对照区深浅两
个区域及全层T2 值,横向比较同一时间点修复区与正常区T2 值差异,纵向评估术后3、6、12 个月修复区T2 值的变化。结果
MACT术后3、6月移植区全层T2值显著高于邻近正常软骨（P均<0.05）,术后12月修复区全层T2值变化较正常对照区无明显
统计学差异（P=0.063）。术后6、12个月修复区浅层软骨T2值显著高于深层（P均<0.05）。术后3、6、12个月修复区深浅层T2值
纵向变化均有统计学差异（P均<0.05）。结论MACT术后磁共振T2mapping成像可作为评估关节软骨修复效果的重要依据。
     

肝癌相关抗原kinectin基因片断的重组表达

目的:研究肝癌相关抗原kinectin基因片断的体外重组表达方法,为该抗原的生产奠定基础.方法:用PCR法扩增肝癌相关抗原kinectin的基因片断,将目的基因插入表达载体pMAL-C2上麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)基因下游的多克隆位点,转化DH5α菌.通过蓝白斑筛选、PCR鉴定、内切酶鉴定及DNA测序筛出正确的重组子,并用其转化TB1菌.用IPTG对重组的TB1工程菌进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定.结果:kinectin基因片断正确插入pMAL-C2载体的多克隆位点,用IPTG对工程菌进行诱导,可见目的蛋白条带出现.结论:pMAL-C2载体可用于对肝癌相关抗原kinectin的体外基因重组表达.     

宫内感染对新生大鼠早期生长及神经行为发育的影响

探讨宫内感染对新生大鼠出生后早期生长发育和神经行为发育的影响。 通过将大肠埃希菌注入孕15 d的SD大鼠的子宫颈内建立宫内感染大鼠模型,并观察宫内感染对孕鼠分娩的影响。HE染色法观察新生大鼠脑白质组织病理学变化;免疫组织化学染色和蛋白质印迹法检测新生大鼠脑白质组织胶质细胞原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、2′,3′-环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶（CNPase）、神经丝（NF）表达。随机监测新生大鼠早期生长发育和神经行为功能。 孕鼠宫内感染后,子宫和胎盘组织白细胞计数升高,提示建模成功,但宫内感染对分娩无显著影响。新生大鼠7日龄时脑白质部位结构稀疏呈筛网状改变,GFAP表达增加（P＜0.01）,而CNPase和NF表达减少（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。与对照组新生大鼠比较,感染组新生大鼠出生体质量轻、体质量增长缓慢（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;耳廓分离、睁眼、平面翻正、负趋地性、听觉惊恐和游泳试验等完成日龄延长（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。 宫内感染可导致新生大鼠脑白质损伤,并引起新生大鼠早期生长发育及神经行为发育延迟。      

乳腺癌Ki-67和CyclinD1在预测及评估新辅助化疗疗效中的价值

目的 探讨乳腺癌Ki-67和CyclinD1在预测及评估新辅助化疗疗效中的价值。方法 选取2019年7月~2020年12月我院的60例临床Ⅱ-Ⅲ期的乳腺癌患者,以Miller-Payne系统评价新辅助化疗疗效,通过免疫组化检测化疗前后Ki-67、CyclinD1的表达,分析化疗前后Ki-67、CyclinD1表达的改变及与化疗疗效的关系。结果 病理缓解组化疗前Ki-67的表达水平高于非病理缓解组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;化疗后Ki-67的表达水平较化疗前下降,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;化疗后Ki-67的明显下降与病理缓解具有相关性（r=0.392,P<0.05）。病理缓解组化疗前CyclinD1的表达水平与非病理缓解组无明显差异（P>0.05）,化疗后CyclinD1的表达水平与化疗前无明显差异（P>0.05）。化疗前CyclinD1的表达与Ki-67呈正相关（r=0.334,P<0.05）。结论 Ki-67具有预测及评估乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的作用。CyclinD1的表达与新辅助化疗疗效无明显关系。     

Biomarkers of joint metabolism and bone mineral density are associated with early knee osteoarthritis in premenopausal females

Clinical Rheumatology - Biomarkers of bone and cartilage metabolism were proposed as early diagnosis indicators for knee osteoarthritis (OA), however, which were influenced by disease stage, age,...