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gnes Rimanczy Romana lamberov Noffar Bar Ilona Vathy 《International journal of developmental neuroscience》2006,24(4):241-248
Our previous work demonstrated that the hormone response to stress and the negative feedback inhibition to these hormones are sex-dependently altered by prenatal morphine exposure in adult rats. An alteration in the glucocorticoid negative feedback inhibition is mediated by glucocorticoid receptors (GR) that are distributed throughout the brain, and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) localized mainly in the hippocampus and involved in a tonic influence of brain functions. Therefore, the present study examined the binding characteristics of MR and GR in young adult male and female rats exposed prenatally (E11-E18) to morphine (10 mg/kg/2 x /day), saline or no treatment at all (controls). At 60-90 days of age, animals were adrenalectomized (ADX) 24 h prior to decapitation. The hippocampus and hypothalamus were dissected for saturation binding assays. The data demonstrate that prenatal stress due to maternal saline injections up-regulates MR and GR binding in the hippocampus of adult male rats and this effect is prevented by prenatal morphine exposure. There is no effect of prenatal morphine exposure on GR binding in the hypothalamus of males. In female rats, prenatal morphine exposure does not affect the binding of MR and GR in the hippocampus or GR in the hypothalamus relative to controls; however, they are affected by ovarian hormone fluctuation. Moreover, prenatal stress decreases MR binding in the hippocampus of diestrous females and GR binding in the hypothalamus of estrous females. Both decreases are prevented by prenatal morphine exposure. Thus, the present study demonstrates that: (1) prenatal stress due to maternal saline injections alters MR and GR binding of adult male and female rats and is prevented by prenatal morphine exposure; (2) the MR and GR binding in adult female rats are affected by ovarian hormone fluctuations. 相似文献
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A clinical trial on the prevention of catheter-related sepsis using a new hub model. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
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M Segura F Alvarez-Lerma J M Tellado J Jiménez-Ferreres L Oms J Rello T Baró R Sánchez A Morera D Mariscal J Marrugat A Sitges-Serra 《Annals of surgery》1996,223(4):363-369
BACKGROUND: Catheter hub contamination is being increasingly recognized as a source of catheter-related sepsis. The authors have investigated the efficacy of a new hub design in preventing endoluminal catheter contamination and catheter-related sepsis arising at the hub. METHODS: Adult surgical and intensive care patients requiring a subclavian catheter for at least 1 week were randomly assigned to receive catheters with standard connectors (control group, n=73) or equipped with a new hub model (new hub group, n=78). Skin, catheter tip, and hub cultures were performed at the time the catheter was withdrawn because therapy was terminated or because of suspicion of sepsis, in which case peripheral blood cultures were taken. RESULTS: Of the 151 patients included, 15 (10%) developed catheter-related sepsis. Catheters were more often withdrawn because suspicion of infection in the control group (42 vs. 19%, p<0.005). Catheter sepsis rate was higher in the control group (16 vs. 4%, p<0.01) because of the low rate of catheter sepsis arising at the hub observed in the new hub group (1 vs. 11%, p<0.01). The prevalence of culture-positive catheter hubs without associated bacteremia (colonization) was higher in the control group (18 vs. 5%, P<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: A new catheter hub has proved to be useful in preventing endoluminal bacterial colonization and catheter-related sepsis in subclavian lines inserted for a mean of 2 weeks. 相似文献
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Gursel Dursun Ozan Bagis Ozgursoy Ozgur Kemal Isil Coruh 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2007,264(9):1027-1032
The purpose of this study was to present our experience with combined use of CO2 laser and cold instrumentation for Reinke’s edema surgery and to evaluate 1-year follow-up results of the technique in a
series of professional voice users. Fifteen patients with Reinke’s edema who underwent microlaryngoscopic surgery were included.
Videolaryngostroboscopy, perceptual and acoustic voice analyses were performed before and after surgery. During the 1-year
follow-up, no recurrence of Reinke’s edema was encountered. Significant postoperative improvement was obtained in the quality
of voice, in terms of GRBAS scores, Fo, jitter, shimmer and NHR. No evidence of laryngeal cancer was found on the histological
examinations. Combined use of CO2 laser and cold instrumentation provides a reliable and safe method for Reinke’s edema surgery, and cessation of smoking,
voice rest and control of the laryngopharyngeal reflux contribute to the success of surgery. We consider that the removal
of redundant mucosa of the vocal fold reduces the risk of the recurrence of Reinke’s edema and provides better quality of
voice. However, it does not imply that our method is superior to others’, but this procedure constitutes an effective treatment
of choice for Reinke’s edema patients, including professional voice users. 相似文献
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Among other characteristics, the steady-state current-voltage relationship of patch-clamped single atrial myocytes from guinea-pig hearts is defined by an outward current hump in the potential region –15 to +40mV. This hump was reversibly suppressed by Co2+ (3 mM) or nitrendipine (5 M) and enhanced by Bay K 8644 (5 M). The maintained outward current component suppressed by Co2+ extended between –15.2±1.9 mV and +39.5 ±1.7 mV (mean±SEM of 14 cells) and has an amplitude of 95.7±9.4 pA at +10 mV. In isochronal I-V curves, the hump was already visible at 400 ms with essentially the same amplitude as at 1500 ms. The Co2+ -sensitive outward current underlying the hump was poorly time-dependent during 1.5 s voltage pulses but slowly relaxed upon repolarization. Tail currents reversed near the K+ equilibrium potential under our experimental conditions. The current hump of the steady-state I-V curve was also abolished by caffeine (10 mM) or ryanodine (3 M), both drugs that interfere with sarcoplasmic reticulum function. Apamin (1 M) or quinine (100 M) but not TEA (5–50 mM) markedly reduced its amplitude. However, at similar concentrations as required to inhibit the hump, both apamin and quinine appeared to be poorly specific for Ca2+ -activated K+ currents in heart cells since they also inhibited the L-Type Ca2+ current. It is concluded that a long lasting Ca2+ -activated outward current, probably mainly carried by K+ ions but not sensitive to TEA, exists in atrial myocytes which is responsible for the current hump of the background I-V curve. 相似文献
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Berna?Musal Yucel?GurselEmail author H?Cahit?Taskiran Sema?Ozan Arif?Tuna 《BMC medical education》2004,4(1):16