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1.
Sodium MRI of the human kidney at 3 Tesla. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Nimrod Maril Yael Rosen Glenn H Reynolds Alex Ivanishev Long Ngo Robert E Lenkinski 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2006,56(6):1229-1234
The sodium concentration gradient in the kidney (from the cortex to the medulla) serves to regulate fluid homeostasis and is tightly coupled to renal function. It was previously shown that renal function and pathophysiology can be characterized in rat kidneys by measuring the sodium gradient with (23)Na MRI. This study demonstrates for the first time the ability of (23)Na MRI to map the distribution of sodium in the human kidney and to quantify the corticomedullary sodium gradient. The study was performed on a 3T Signa LX scanner (GE) using an in-house-built quadrature surface coil. (23)Na images of volunteers were acquired using a 3D coronal gradient-echo sequence at a spatial resolution of 0.3 x 0.3 x 1.5 cm(3) in a 25-min scan time. The signal intensity (relative to the noise) increased linearly from the cortex to each of the medullae with a mean slope of 1.6 +/- 0.2 in relative arbitrary units per mm (Rel.u./mm, N = 6) and then decreased, as expected, toward the renal pelvis. Water deprivation (12 hr) induced a significant increase of 25% (P < 0.05) in this gradient. Based on these results, we suggest that sodium MRI can serve as a valuable noninvasive method for functional imaging of the human kidney. 相似文献
2.
Intrapericardial teratoma. Ultrasonic and pathological features 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
3.
Association between atrial fibrillation and central sleep apnea 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
BACKGROUND: We previously described an association between atrial fibrillation and central sleep apnea in a group of patients with congestive heart failure. We hypothesized that the prevalence of atrial fibrillation might also be increased in patients with central sleep apnea in the absence of other cardiac disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We compared the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in a series of 60 consecutive patients with idiopathic central sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index > 10 events per hour, > 50% central events) with that in 60 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index > 10, > 50% obstructive events) and 60 patients without sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index < 10), matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Subjects with a history of congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, or stroke were excluded from the study. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation among patients with idiopathic central sleep apnea was found to be significantly higher than the prevalence among patients with obstructive sleep apnea or no sleep apnea (27%, 1.7%, and 3.3%, respectively, P < .001). However, hypertension was most common and oxygen desaturation most extreme among patients with obstructive sleep apnea. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that there is a markedly increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation among patients with idiopathic central sleep apnea in the absence of congestive heart failure. Moreover, the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation among patients with idiopathic central sleep apnea is not explainable by the presence of hypertension or nocturnal oxygen desaturation, since both of these were more strongly associated with obstructive sleep apnea. 相似文献
4.
T Mainprize C Nimrod G Dodd D Persaud 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》1987,156(2):341-343
An open-label study was undertaken to assess the clinical impact of multiple doses of intracervical prostaglandin E2 (0.5 mg) gel administered at 6-hour intervals. Fifty women with low Bishop scores requiring induction of labor were recruited. The prestudy mean Bishop score was 2.3 +/- 1.1 and changed significantly with one (p less than 0.001), two (p less than 0.001), and three (p less than 0.002) doses. The mean gestational age of patients receiving three doses was significantly less than that of patients receiving one dose, (38.5 versus 40.1 weeks, p less than 0.005). Prostaglandin E2 gel induced labor in 56% of patients, but 14% required subsequent oxytocin (Syntocinon) augmentation. Cesarean section was performed in 6% of patients. No deleterious fetal, neonatal, or maternal effects occurred. 相似文献
5.
A ‘crazy-paving’ appearance of the lungs on computed tomography scanning of the chest was first described nearly 20 years ago in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and was thought to be characteristic of this condition. However, this pattern has subsequently been reported in a variety of pulmonary diseases and is now considered to be nonspecific. The present report describes a case of a 74-year-old man in whom congestive heart failure presented with a crazy-paving appearance of the lungs on a chest computed tomography scan. This uncommon association illustrates the importance of the correlation of clinical and radiographic information. 相似文献
6.
Claudia Eliza Patrocinio de Oliveira Osvaldo Costa Moreira Zoila Marilú Carrión-Yagual Carlos Medina-Pérez José Antonio de Paz 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(5):819-825
Objective
To compare the effects of classic progressive resistance training (PRT) versus eccentric strength-enhanced training (EST) on the performance of functional tests and different strength manifestations in the lower limb of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).Design
Experimental trial.Setting
Strength training program.Participants
PwMS (N=52; 19 men, 33 women) belonging to MS associations from the Castilla y León, Spain.Interventions
Participants were assigned to 1 of 2 groups: a control group that performed PRT or an experimental group that performed EST. In both groups, the knee extensor muscles were trained for 12 weeks.Main Outcome Measures
Before and after 12 weeks of training, maximal voluntary isometric contraction and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) of the knee extensors were evaluated, as were the Chair Stand Test (CST) and Timed 8-Foot Up and Go (TUG) functional tests.Results
No differences were found between the groups in the initial values for different tests. Intragroup comparisons found significant differences in CST (F=69.4; P<.001), TUG (F=40.0; P<.001), and 1RM (F=57.8; P<.001). For intergroup comparisons, EST presented better results than PRT in the CST (EST, 4.7%±2.8%; PRT, 1.9%±2.8%; F=13.1; P=.001) and TUG (EST, ?2.9±4.7; PRT, ?.41±5.6; F=5.6; P=.022).Conclusions
In PwMS, EST leads to improvements in 1RM, TUG, and CST that are similar to those of PRT. However, for patients who participated in this study, the EST seems to promote a better transfer of strength adaptations to the functional tests, which are closer to daily-living activities. 相似文献7.
8.
The specific binding of [125I]iodoFSH to granulosa cells collected from immature, hypophysectomized, DES-treated rats, was studied in vitro. Specific binding occurred after 5 min and reached maximum after 3 h of incubation at 37 C. Non specific binding was very low (less than 10% of the total binding). The [25I]iodoFSH remained tightly associated with the receptor at pH 7.5, but was rapidly dissociated at pH 5. Unlabeled hFSH competitively inhibited [125I]iodoFSH binding. Kinetic analyses of equilibrium binding experiments gave an apparent association constant (Ka) of 1.34 (+/- 0.31) x 10(10)M-1 [mean (+/- SE)] and a number of binding sites per cell of (NB) 1, 130 +/- 70 (mean +/- SE). Rat prolactin, wheat germ agglutinin, and concanavalin-A did not compete with [125I]iodoFSH, but hLH, hCG, and rTSH competed at doses 300- to 900-fold higher than those of hFSH. Granulosa cells isolated from adult DES-treated rats, as well as cells collected from medium and preovulatory follicles of proestrous rats, gave Ka and NB values similar to those described above. A comparative study of rabbit granulosa cells indicated a much lower binding affinity compared with those from the rat. 相似文献
9.