江苏省集中式供水卫生监督管理现状

为全面了解我省集中式供水单位卫生监督管理的基本情况,我们对 １９９８年度全省 １３个市的市、县、乡和村级水厂进行了调查,结果表明：乡、村两级水厂未受到有效监督和管理,其卫生许可证持证率、自检能力、消毒剂和净水剂应用、对水源水和末梢水的监测率都明显低于市级水厂（Ｐ＜０．０１）。全省水厂消毒问题较突出,乡、村级水厂消毒率仅为５１．９％、５．７％,全省以地下水为水源的水厂消毒率仅１９．５％;全省乡和村级水厂出厂水余氯达标率分别为５７．１％、２０．７％,末梢水分别为５７．４％、２２．４％。加强对乡、村两级水厂的监督管理显得十分重要。     

Regulation of Th17 cells by P. UF1 against systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection

Regulation of Th17 and Th1 cell responses against intracellular pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes (L. m), is critical to limit inflammation-induced tissue damage. We recently demonstrated the ability of P. UF1 bacterium derived from the intestinal bacterial commensals of preterm infants fed human breast milk to significantly mitigate pathogen-induced inflammation limiting colonic tissue damage. Here we further elucidated the potential of P. UF1 to also regulate innate and T cells, particularly Th17 and Th1 cells, against systemic L. m infection. Data demonstrate that P. UF1 not only robustly regulated protective Th17 and Th1 cells, but also sustained regulatory T cells (Treg cells) resulting in accelerated L. m clearance. Together, regulation of pathogenic inflammation by a novel probiotic bacterium such as P. UF1 may illuminate a new strategy to specifically control Th17-Th1 cells via IL-10⁺ Treg cells to limit systemic tissue damage induced by intracellular pathogens, including L. m.     

Genomic Analysis Reveals Distinct Subtypes in Two Rare Cases of Primary Ovarian Lymphoma

Primary (localized) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the ovary is extremely rare; only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We report two cases of primary ovarian lymphoma (POL), one involving bilateral ovaries in a 15-year-old girl and other involving one ovary in a 5-year-old girl. This report describes detailed clinical, histopathological, and imaging findings, along with the review of literature of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) arising from an ovary. In addition, we describe findings of targeted capture panel sequencing on both tumors and identify the major genetic mutations that are recurrently mutated in pan-cancers. Compared to the genomic mutation features of major subtypes of DLBCL, we distinguish that each POL belongs to distinctive subtypes, GCB (germinal center B-cell subtype) DLBCL and ABC (activated B-cell subtype) DLBCL, respectively. The findings from the genomic analysis may help to understand the pathogenesis of POL and to guide potential targeted therapy in the future.     

Photoluminescence properties of a Ce3+ doped Sr3MgSi2O8 phosphor with good thermal stability

This study mainly reports an investigation about the crystal structure and photoluminescence properties of a Ce³⁺ doped alkaline earth metal silicate Sr₃MgSi₂O₈. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and structure refinement methods are adopted to characterize the phase composition and crystal structure. The excitation/emission spectra and diffuse reflection spectra (DRS) of the title phosphor are measured and the mechanism of concentration quenching as well as thermal quenching are discussed in detail. Results show that the concentration quenching in Sr₃MgSi₂O₈ is due to dipole–dipole interaction energy transfer between Ce³⁺ ions. The title phosphor has an excellent thermal stability with 90% emission intensity reserve when the temperature rises to 150 °C. The related mechanism is considered to be the thermal ionization effect and an energy level diagram was proposed to show the thermal ionization process.

This study mainly reports an investigation about the crystal structure and photoluminescence properties of a Ce³⁺ doped alkaline earth metal silicate Sr₃MgSi₂O₈.     

适用于飞行教官的FT动作抗荷效果评价

目的 评价分析适用于飞行教官的FT动作的抗荷效果.方法 FT动作以腹部、腿部肌肉持续用力为主,呼吸不用力.7名受试者在力量训练前和力量训练后分别进行了4组离心机试验:FT组采用FT动作,载荷峰值时发出指令;HP组采用HP动作;FT+KH-X组采用FT动作与KH-X抗荷服,在载荷峰值时发出指令;HP+KH-X组采用HP动作与KH-X抗荷服.记录分析G耐量(G值×时间之和)、心率等指标的变化.结果 力量训练前的G耐量,HP组显著高于FT组、HP+KH-X组显著高于FT+KH-X组(P<0.05);力量训练后的G耐量,HP+KH-X组显著高于FT+KH-X组(P<0.05);训练后FT组、HP组、FT+KH-X组、和HP+KH-X组的G耐量分别增加了60.8％、34.6％、50.5％、51.7％.力量训练前HP组的平均心率与最大心率均显著高于FT组(P<0.05),HP+KH-X组的最大心率显著高于FT+KH-X组(P<0.05);力量训练后,FT组与HP组、FT+KH-X组与HP+KH-X组之间的平均心率与最大心率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).力量训练后,只有HP组的平均心率与最大心率显著低于训练前(P<0.01、P<0.05).结论 适用于飞行教官的FT动作具有良好的抗荷效果,对飞行教官安全有效的指导带教,提高自身抗荷能力具有重要意义.     

QuECHERS-HPLC-MS/MS测定祛痘化妆品中7种硝基咪唑类抗菌药物

目的建立测定祛痘化妆品中硝基咪唑类抗菌药物甲硝唑、地美硝唑、洛硝哒唑、异并硝唑及其代谢物羟基甲硝唑、羟基二甲硝咪唑和羟基异丙硝唑的方法。方法试样用0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液提取,通过QuEChERS净化后过滤膜上机检测,以ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子模式(ESI+),多重反应监测(MRM)扫描,外标法定量。结果 7种目标分析物在5.0~500.0ng·mL^-1内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系,相关系数均>0.995,在3个不同浓度添加水平下,平均加样回收率为87.9%~114.9%,相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为0.4%~4.5%。方法的定量限为5~40μg·kg^-1,最低检测限为1.4~12.0μg·kg^-1。结论该方法具有净化效果好、操作简单、准确快速的特点,适用于祛痘化妆品中硝基咪唑类抗菌药物及其代谢物的检测。     

IL-25 Elicits Innate Lymphoid Cells and Multipotent Progenitor Type 2 Cells That Reduce Renal Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury

IL-25 is an important immune regulator that can promote Th2 immune response-dependent immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair in asthma, intestinal infection, and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we examined the effects of IL-25 in renal ischemic/reperfusion injury (IRI). Treating IRI mice with IL-25 significantly improved renal function and reduced renal injury. Furthermore, IL-25 treatment increased the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in serum and kidney and promoted induction of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages in kidney. Notably, IL-25 treatment also increased the frequency of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and multipotent progenitor type 2 (MPP^type2) cells in kidney. IL-25–responsive ILC2 and MPP^type2 cells produced greater amounts of Th2 cytokines that associated with the induction of M2 macrophages and suppression of classically activated (M1) macrophages in vitro. Finally, adoptive transfer of ILC2s or MPP^type2 cells not only reduced renal functional and histologic injury in IRI mice but also induced M2 macrophages in kidney. In conclusion, our data identify a mechanism whereby IL-25-elicited ILC2 and MPP^type2 cells regulate macrophage phenotype in kidney and prevent renal IRI.     

Role of transcriptional factor Nrf2 in the acute lung injury of mice

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression and role of Nrf2 in the acute lung injury (ALI) of mice. Methods: A total of 60 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: ALI group and control group. In ALI group, ALI was introduced by injection of LPS. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect Nrf2 expression in the lung; Western blot assay was employed to detect the expression of Nrf2 in the lung homogenate; ELISA was conducted to detect the expression of Nrf2 in the lung homogenate and BALF. Results: As compared to control group, ALI mice had a high Nrf2 expression in the lung as shown in immunohistochemistry, and the Nrf2 expression in the lung homogenate and BALF also increased markedly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Nrf2 expression increases in the lung and BALF of ALI mice, suggesting that Nrf2 is involved in the inflammation during ALI and may serve as a new target in the therapy of ALI.     

“春苗计划”昭通站管理人员培训版块的效果评价：一个案例研究

背景　农村地区基层医疗卫生机构和人员培训是实现“健康中国2030”战略的重要一环,与庞大的培训数量相比,针对实施效果的评估却极为有限。目的　分析和总结“春苗计划”昭通站基层医疗卫生机构管理人员培训版块的实施效果。方法　以2015年6月—2016年12月参加“春苗计划”昭通站培训的乡镇卫生院或社区卫生服务中心管理人员为研究对象（n=150）。培训分昭通面授（5 d）和上海实训（2周）两阶段实施。定量分析昭通面授学员的考核成绩,定性分析上海实训学员的实训报告。结果　150例参培学员的平均年龄为（38.6±6.8）岁,男 130例（86.7%）。147例参培学员完成了昭通面授培训前和培训后的笔试,培训后平均成绩高于培训前〔（65.9±8.8）分比（57.0±8.3）分,t=11.945,P0.05）。以信息饱和为原则,共定性分析13份实训报告,结果显示：上海实训拓宽了参培人员的管理思路,且参培人员表示将结合昭通实际情况学以致用。结论　“春苗计划”昭通站拓宽了中国农村地区基层医疗卫生机构管理人员的培训形式,取得明显效果的同时也具有借鉴意义。建议拟在农村地区开展的同类培训项目,应充分结合当地实际需要设计培训方案,并提供基于实践的培训机会。