全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7279篇 |
免费 | 579篇 |
国内免费 | 25篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 54篇 |
儿科学 | 257篇 |
妇产科学 | 257篇 |
基础医学 | 1071篇 |
口腔科学 | 109篇 |
临床医学 | 1087篇 |
内科学 | 1196篇 |
皮肤病学 | 83篇 |
神经病学 | 712篇 |
特种医学 | 198篇 |
外科学 | 918篇 |
综合类 | 191篇 |
一般理论 | 8篇 |
预防医学 | 813篇 |
眼科学 | 125篇 |
药学 | 398篇 |
中国医学 | 8篇 |
肿瘤学 | 398篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 58篇 |
2022年 | 105篇 |
2021年 | 235篇 |
2020年 | 127篇 |
2019年 | 176篇 |
2018年 | 224篇 |
2017年 | 155篇 |
2016年 | 195篇 |
2015年 | 201篇 |
2014年 | 252篇 |
2013年 | 349篇 |
2012年 | 476篇 |
2011年 | 572篇 |
2010年 | 248篇 |
2009年 | 243篇 |
2008年 | 372篇 |
2007年 | 387篇 |
2006年 | 407篇 |
2005年 | 403篇 |
2004年 | 362篇 |
2003年 | 330篇 |
2002年 | 301篇 |
2001年 | 113篇 |
2000年 | 114篇 |
1999年 | 119篇 |
1998年 | 75篇 |
1997年 | 47篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 45篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 79篇 |
1990年 | 63篇 |
1989年 | 62篇 |
1988年 | 66篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 57篇 |
1985年 | 46篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 57篇 |
1982年 | 45篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 34篇 |
1979年 | 38篇 |
1978年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 34篇 |
1973年 | 37篇 |
1972年 | 20篇 |
1967年 | 29篇 |
排序方式: 共有7883条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fiene Marie Kuijper Uma V. Mahajan Seul Ku Daniel A.N. Barbosa Sheila M. Alessi Sherman C. Stein Kyle M. Kampman Brandon S. Bentzley Casey H. Halpern 《Neuromodulation》2022,25(2):253-262
ObjectivesCocaine is the second most frequently used illicit drug worldwide (after cannabis), and cocaine use disorder (CUD)-related deaths increased globally by 80% from 1990 to 2013. There is yet to be a regulatory-approved treatment. Emerging preclinical evidence indicates that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens may be a therapeutic option. Prior to expanding the costly investigation of DBS for treatment of CUD, it is important to ensure societal cost-effectiveness.AimsWe conducted a threshold and cost-effectiveness analysis to determine the success rate at which DBS would be equivalent to contingency management (CM), recently identified as the most efficacious therapy for treatments of CUDs.Materials and MethodsQuality of life, efficacy, and safety parameters for CM were obtained from previous literature. Costs were calculated from a societal perspective. Our model predicted the utility benefit based on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental-cost-effectiveness ratio resulting from two treatments on a one-, two-, and five-year timeline.ResultsOn a one-year timeline, DBS would need to impart a success rate (ie, cocaine free) of 70% for it to yield the same utility benefit (0.492 QALYs per year) as CM. At no success rate would DBS be more cost-effective (incremental-cost-effectiveness ratio <$50,000) than CM during the first year. Nevertheless, as DBS costs are front loaded, DBS would need to achieve success rates of 74% and 51% for its cost-effectiveness to exceed that of CM over a two- and five-year period, respectively.ConclusionsWe find DBS would not be cost-effective in the short term (one year) but may be cost-effective in longer timelines. Since DBS holds promise to potentially be a cost-effective treatment for CUDs, future randomized controlled trials should be performed to assess its efficacy. 相似文献
5.
Marlene L Hauck Susan M LaRue William P Petros Jean M Poulson Daohai Yu Ivan Spasojevic Amy F Pruitt Allison Klein Beth Case Donald E Thrall David Needham Mark W Dewhirst 《Clinical cancer research》2006,12(13):4004-4010
PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicities, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of doxorubicin encapsulated in a low temperature sensitive liposome (LTSL) when given concurrently with local hyperthermia to canine solid tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Privately owned dogs with solid tumors (carcinomas or sarcomas) were treated. The tumors did not involve bone and were located at sites amenable to local hyperthermia. LTSL-doxorubicin was given (0.7-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) over 30 minutes during local tumor hyperthermia in a standard phase I dose escalation study. Three treatments, given 3 weeks apart, were scheduled. Toxicity was monitored for an additional month. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated during the first treatment cycle. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were enrolled: 18 with sarcomas and 3 with carcinomas. Grade 4 neutropenia and acute death secondary to liver failure, possibly drug related, were the dose-limiting toxicities. The maximum tolerated dose was 0.93 mg/kg. Other toxicities, with the possible exception of renal damage, were consistent with those observed following free doxorubicin administration. Of the 20 dogs that received > or = 2 doses of LTSL-doxorubicin, 12 had stable disease, and 6 had a partial response to treatment. Pharmacokinetic variables were more similar to those of free doxorubicin than the marketed liposomal product. Tumor drug concentrations at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg averaged 9.12 +/- 6.17 ng/mg tissue. CONCLUSION: LTSL-doxorubicin offers a novel approach to improving drug delivery to solid tumors. It was well tolerated and resulted in favorable response profiles in these patients. Additional evaluation in human patients is warranted. 相似文献
6.
The vagal nerve as a link between the nervous and immune system in the instance of polymicrobial sepsis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Wolfram Kessler Tobias Traeger Alexandra Westerholt Friederike Neher Marlene Mikulcak Antje Müller Stefan Maier Claus-Dieter Heidecke 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2006,391(2):83-87
Background The role of the vagal nerve in the autonomic nervous system is widely well known. Recently, an additional function was revealed
serving as a connector between the nervous and immune system. This connection is called the “cholinergic inflammatory pathway.”
Through stimulation of the acetylcholine receptors located upon the macrophages, the “unspecific” immune system can be directly
influenced.
Methods The vagal nerve was completely transected directly posterior to its passage through the diaphragm. The effect of complete
vagotomy was analyzed using a murine model of polymicrobial peritonitis (colon ascendens stent peritonitis, CASP). Survival
and clinical course of vagotomized or sham-operated mice were analyzed in the CASP model.
Results After CASP surgery, vagotomy led to a significantly increased mortality (64.7%) in comparison to sham-vagotomized animals
(34%). No difference in the bacterial load of various tissues (lung, liver, spleen, blood, lavage fluid, and kidney) from
septic animals with or without vagotomy was observed. Vagotomized animals reveal elevated serum cytokine levels (TNF, IL-6,
IL-10, and MCP-1) 20 h after the induction of polymicrobial peritonitis.
Conclusion The vagal nerve is therefore an important modulator of the immune system.
W. Kessler and T. Traeger contributed equally to this work
Best of Forum Papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the German Society of Surgery, 2–5 May 2006, Berlin, Germany 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.