Bowel diseases of prematurity, including necrotizing enterocolitis, are dreaded ailments of neonates. Early diagnosis is difficult, with clinical and radiographic findings often inconclusive. We present a novel use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detection of pediatric bowel disease. Early identification of compromised blood flow or an at-risk bowel can be quantitatively detected and monitored. This ability has implications for guidance of emerging therapies, allowing targeting of inflammation. These findings represent an advancement in detection of bowel disease in neonates. 相似文献
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) causes irreversible myocardial damage and release of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines and miRNAs. We aimed to investigate changes in the levels of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10), miRNAs profiles (miR-146 and miR-155) and distribution of different monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16-, CD14++CD16+, CD14+CD16++) in the acute and post-healing phases of AMI.
Methods
In eighteen consecutive AMI patients (mean age 56.78?±?12.4 years, mean left ventricle ejection fraction – LVEF: 41.9?±?9.8%), treated invasively, monocyte subsets frequencies were evaluated (flow cytometry), cytokine concentrations were analyzed (ELISA) as well as plasma miRNAs were isolated twice – on admission and after 19.2?±?5.9 weeks of follow-up. Measurements were also performed among healthy volunteers.
Results
AMI patients presented significantly decreased frequencies of classical cells in comparison to healthy controls (median 71.22% [IQR: 64.4–79.04] vs. 84.35% [IQR: 81.2–86.7], p?=?0.001) and higher percent of both intermediate and non-classical cells, yet without statistical significance (median 6.54% [IQR: 5.14–16.64] vs. 5.87% [IQR: 4.48–8.6], p?=?0.37 and median 5.99% [IQR: 3.39–11.5] vs. 5.26% [IQR: 3.62–6.2], p?=?0.42, respectively). In AMI patients both, analyzed plasma miRNA concentrations were higher than in healthy subjects (miR-146: median 5.48 [IQR: 2.4–11.27] vs. 1.84 [IQR: 0.87–2.53], p?=?0.003; miR-155: median 25.35 [IQR: 8.17–43.15] vs. 8.4 [IQR: 0.08–16.9], p?=?0.027, respectively), and returned back to the values found in the control group in follow-up. miR-155/miR-146 ratio correlated with the frequencies of classical monocytes (r=0.6, p?=?0.01) and miR-155 correlated positively with the concentration of inflammatory cytokines ? IL-6 and TNF-α.
Conclusions
These results may suggest cooperation of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals in AMI in order to promote appropriate healing of the infarcted myocardium. 相似文献
There is no published data about associations between the state of dentition and bone mass in adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the prevalence of caries and dental malocclusion is associated with bone mass during growth. In 123 healthy Caucasian subjects (72 males, 51 females) aged 14-18 yr, DMFT figures (decayed teeth, missing teeth, filled teeth) and presence of malocclusion, according to Angle classification, were determined. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding dental hygiene, physical activity level, and consumption of sweets. Anthropometry and pubertal stages were examined. Bone mineral density (BMD) was examined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the total body, head, and lumbar spine. No association was found between DMFT (mean+/-SD: 8.33+/-3.9) and BMD or Z-scores for BMD. Malocclusion was found in 49 subjects (39.8%) and was more prevalent in females than males. Malocclusion was associated with lower total BMD independently of body size (p=0.001; Z-scores: -0.21+/-0.27 vs +0.33+/-0.17; p=0.1) in males (but not females), producing odds ratio 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.09-2.34%; p=0.02). Head BMD was also lower in the males with malocclusion than in those without (p=0.004). Neither caries nor the tooth loss appear to be associated with BMD during growth. Boys with malocclusion are at higher risk of reduced BMD. This suggests that inadequate bone mass accrual in males coexists with impaired growth of the masticatory system in childhood and adolescence, however, the causal pathway is unknown. Factors that produce malocclusion may also affect bone mass or size but further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the relationship. 相似文献
Background: This study evaluated the ability of dexmedetomidine to provide analgesia and sedation for outpatient colonoscopy, examining outcomes including cardiorespiratory variables, side effects, and discharge readiness.
Methods: Sixty-four patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment regimens. In group D, patients received 1 [mu]g/kg dexmedetomidine over 15 min followed by an infusion of 0.2 [mu]g [middle dot] kg-1 [middle dot] h-1. Group P received meperidine (1 mg/kg) with midazolam (0.05 mg/kg), and group F received fentanyl (0.1-0.2 mg intravenous) on demand. The assessment included measurements of heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, quality of sedation/analgesia, and an evaluation of the recovery time.
Results: The study was terminated before the planned 90 patients had been recruited because of adverse events in group D. In all groups, negligible hemoglobin oxygen saturation and respiratory rate variations were observed. In group D, there was a significantly larger decrease in heart rate (to approximately 40 beats/min in 2 of 19 cases) and blood pressure (to less than 50% of the initial value in 4 of 19 patients). Supplemental fentanyl was required in 47% of patients receiving dexmedetomidine to achieve a satisfactory level of analgesia (vs. 42.8% of patients in group P and 79.2% of patients in group F). Vertigo (5 patients), nausea/vomiting (5 patients), and ventricular bigeminy (1 patient) were observed only in group D. Time to home readiness was longest in group D (85 +/- 74, 39 +/- 21, and 32 +/- 13 min in groups D, P and F, respectively; P = 0.007). 相似文献
In the presented paper the authors evaluate the long-term results of treatment for inflammatory and thromboembolic complications in knee joint alloplasty with cemented endoprostheses. The clinical material spanning the years 1998-2003 are 15 patients with analysed complications, it determine 9% of all operated. They have evaluated achieved results using the HSS knee rating scale in their own modification. As far as the authors are concerned, venographic examination is a prerequisite for appropriate care of the patients following knee joint alloplasty who might have deep venous thrombosis. It is necessary to provide similar treatment when developing infections are suspected in the perioperative period and in cases of late infections. Consequently, antibiotic therapy and a possible quick bacteriological checkup for healing a postoperative wound is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Achieved results induce statement, that thromboembolic and inflammatory complications caused at most operated chronic vein insufficiency, deficit of range of motion at operated joint and gait insufficiency. Thromboembolic complications was always related with inflammation of knee joint alloplasty in our own material. 相似文献
The accuracy of 2D phase contrast (PC) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) depends on the alignment between the vessels and
the imaging plane. PC MRA imaging of blood flow is challenging when the flow in several vessels is to be evaluated with one
acquisition. For this purpose, semi-automatic determination of the plane most perpendicular to several vessels is proposed
based on centerlines extracted from 3D MRA. Arterial centerlines are extracted from 3D MRA based on iterative estimation-prediction,
multi-scale analysis of image moments, and a second-order shape model. The optimal plane is determined by minimizing misalignment
between its normal vector and the centerlines’ tangent vectors. The method was evaluated on a phantom and on 35 patients,
by seeking the optimal plane for cerebral blood flow quantification simultaneously in internal carotids and vertebral arteries.
In the phantom, difference of orientation and of height between known and calculated planes was 1.2° and 2.5 mm, respectively.
In the patients, all but one centerline were correctly extracted and the misalignment of the plane was within 12° per artery.
Semi-automatic centerline extraction simplifies and automates determination of the plane orthogonal to one vessel, thereby
permitting automatic simultaneous minimization of the misalignment with several vessels in PC MRA. 相似文献
This study demonstrates that ZnSO4 induced chemical trauma results in an in situ regeneration of the olfactory epithelium which, when maintained in vitro, provides an enriched population of olfactory neurons. Therefore, the ability of the olfactory epithelium to respond to chemical trauma with increased mitotic activity can be used to increase growth of neurons in culture. Tissue obtained from normal or vehicle-treated adult mice produced few olfactory neurons, when maintained in culture, compared to cultures established from tissue following an in situ ZnSO4 trauma. Maximal neuronal yields were obtained in cultures established from tissue that was removed 4–6 days following chemical trauma. The morphological appearance and the presence of cell specific intermediate filament proteins were used to classify the cell types in these olfactory epithelial cultures. Single cells and aggregates of cells which were immunopositive for keratin, but immunonegative for neurofilament protein and GFAP, were identified as epithelioid. Flattened polygonal cells immunopositive for GFAP were identified as glia. A small population of flattened cells was immunonegative for all of the antibodies used in this study. Cells that had processes were immunonegative for GFAP and keratin. Some were immunopositive for 200 kDa and 160 kDa neurofilament proteins but immunonegative for the 68 kDa neurofilament protein. A few of these cells showed positive immunoreactivity with the olfactory marker protein (OMP) antibody and most likely represented the most mature olfactory neurons in the cultures. This trauma-induced culture model using olfactory tissue from adult mice can serve as a source of CNS neurons for comparison with cultured embryonic neurons. 相似文献
A quantified evaluation of planar cardiac perfusion scintigrams (the objective of the study), obtained using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) was performed on the basis of an analysis of circumferential profile curves, representing the perfusion as seen in three typical projections. The analysis involved the curves obtained both at rest and after stress, and was based on a comparison of their shape (trend) with the normal trend (normative evaluation). The latter was obtained by means of an original method of iterative fitting of individual curves into the database. The base consisted of curves recorded in 53 patients (separately in males and females) with normal perfusion of the left ventricle (group I, the reference group). A group of 90 patients suspected of having coronary artery disease (group II) was subdivided into two subgroups on the basis of coronary arteriography: (a) those with and (b) those without critical stenosis of at least one artery. Profile curves characterising the LV perfusion were obtained at rest and after stress. Defects of perfusion were quantified by comparison of individual curves with the normal trends. By means of multivariate analysis it was demonstrated that vectors of mean values characterising the scintigraphically assessed defects of LV perfusion in the two subgroups of group II differed very significantly (P<10–5). Applying methods of discriminant analysis, a classification of patients from group II was performed into those with probable defects of perfusion and those free of such defects. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosis of coronary ischaemia, based on quantified planar99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy, reached 86%, 87% and 87%, respectively. 相似文献
OBJECTIVES: Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGI) are hybrid materials prepared by incorporation of polymerizable components (typically 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with possible addition of multifunctional methacrylates) into a conventional acid-base mixture (a polymeric acid with powdered calcium fluoro-aluminosilicate glasses). During setting, the photopolymerization process and the acid-base reaction affect each other. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of a 45% aqueous solution of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and the liquid component of a commercial glass ionomer cement on HEMA and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) photopolymerization. METHODS: The polymerization was initiated by 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) and camphorquinone (CQ)/coinitiator system. The reaction course was monitored under Ar and air by isothermal differential scanning calorimetry. RESULTS: The main effect of addition of polyacid solution (PAA and commercial) up to 10wt% to HEMA on the polymerization initiated with DMPA was earlier onset of autoacceleration. For the process initiated by the CQ-based system, the addition of 5wt% of PAA solution strongly accelerated the polymerization and increased the conversion, both in Ar atmosphere as well as in air. TEGDMA photopolymerization was not influenced or slightly retarded by the presence of 3wt% of PAA solution (the upper limit of solubility), depending on the initiating system used. SIGNIFICANCE: Under initiation conditions used in curing of commercial dental products (CQ-based two component initiating system), the presence of polyacid-aqueous solution in HEMA-based photocurable component increases markedly the polymerization rate and the conversion both in Ar atmosphere as well as in air. This result contributes to a characterization of the setting process of RMGIs. 相似文献
Results of investigations on the kinetics of thermal polymerization of mixed single-crystalline diacetylenes are reported. The polymerization was studied at 333 K on a series of mixed 1 (pTS)– 3 (pFBS) crystals of various compositions. The polymer contents were determined from the measurements of electric permittivities of the samples during polymerization. A simple qualitative model was put forward to explain changes in the kinetics of polymerization as function of the composition of mixed crystals. At early stages of polymerization, the process of initiation of the growth of polymer chains seems to be dependent on the concentration of defects associated with a misfit between pTS and pFBS molecules. 相似文献