卡维地洛对慢性心衰患者血清中TNF-α和IL-6水平变化的影响

目的观察慢性心衰(CHF)患者血清中TNF-α和IL-6水平的变化、与心功能参数的相关性及卡维地洛对其干预的影响.方法将52例CHF患者分为常规抗心衰治疗组(A组,25例)和在常规抗心衰治疗基础上加用卡维地洛组(B组,27例),卡维地洛起始量6.25mg/d,目标量50mg/d,疗程为12周.另设36例健康体检者为正常对照组.用免疫化学发光仪检测所有CHF患者治疗前后血清TNF-α和IL-6的水平,用彩色多普勒仪测定左心室舒张末期内径(LDVd)与收缩末期内径(LDVs),并由此获得左心室射血分数(LVEF)值.结果CHF患者血清TNF-α[A组(28.2±10.5)ng/L,B组(28.3±11.5)ng/L]、IL-6[A组(216.8±55.6)ng/L,B组(218.9±53.8)ng/L]含量较正常对照组[TNF-α(15.6±4.4)ng/L,IL-6(122.5±39.2)ng/L]明显升高(均P＜0.01).A、B两组治疗后心功能较前有所恢复,TNF-α和IL-6水平有所下降,以B组更为显著(P＜0.01).结论TNF-α、IL-6与CHF的发生发展密切相关,使用卡维地洛后,CHF患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6水平显著下降,心功能得到改善.     

加贝酯预防内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎的实验研究

背景：急性胰腺炎是内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）的常见并发症，加贝酯对ERCP术后胰腺炎的预防作用仍存在争议。目的：探讨加贝酯对大鼠ERCP术后胰腺炎的预防作用。方法：通过血压计传导50mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）的恒定压力，向胰胆管内注入30％泛影葡胺，以制备SD大鼠ERCP术后胰腺炎模型。检测各组血清淀粉酶水平，并行胰腺组织病理学检查。结果：加贝酯治疗组的血清淀粉酶水平和胰腺组织炎症评分均显著低于胰腺炎对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：加贝酯静脉滴注对预防ERCP术后胰腺炎有效。     

山东地区农民人群糜烂性反流性食管炎的发病研究

目的研究山东农村地区自然人群中糜烂性反流性食管炎的发病情况.方法对山东烟台地区农村人群(年龄40～90岁)随机抽样587例,行内镜及活检组织快速尿素酶检查.结果 共检出糜烂性反流性食管炎87例,患病率为14.8%(87/587).①患病率按年龄分组40～49岁组10.0%(2/20)、50～59岁组13.0%(38/293)、60～69岁组16.7%(31/186)、70岁以上组18.1%(16/88).②糜烂性反流性食管炎按性别分组男67例、女20例,男女为3.351.③糜烂性反流性食管炎患者中Hp阳性检出率52.9%(46/87).这一人群的Hp阳性检出率56.0%(329/587),两者Hp阳性检出率差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).④糜烂性反流性食管炎患者按洛杉矶分类各级的比例A级54.0%(47/87)、B级35.6%(31/87)、C级9.2%(8/87)、D级1.1%(1/87).结论糜烂性反流性食管炎随着年龄的增加患病率和分级的严重程度均增加,男性患病率高于女性,与Hp感染无相关性.     

腹腔镜下耻骨梳韧带悬吊术治疗子宫脱垂 25例

目的探讨腹腔镜下耻骨梳韧带悬吊治疗子宫脱垂的临床效果。方法选取 2016年 3月至 2017年 5月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院收治的子宫脱垂 Ⅱ度以上病人 25例,进行耻骨梳韧带悬吊治疗,统计手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间以及随访病人的盆底功能障碍问卷( PFDI?20)评分。结果病人手术时长( 151.12±40.08)min,术中出血量( 35.60±29.02)mL,住院时长( 10.48±2.66)d,均未出现并发症和复发现象,且术后 6个月以上病人的 PFDI?20评分明显改善( P＜0.001)。结论腹腔镜下耻骨梳韧带悬吊治疗子宫脱垂是一种简便、安全、有效的术式,治疗效果满意。     

Synthesis of a novel nano-rod-shaped hierarchical silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-11 molecular sieve with enhanced hydroisomerization of oleic acid to iso-alkanes

In this article, a novel nano-rod-shaped SAPO-11 molecular sieve (SAPO-11-A-F) with a thickness of ca. 100 nm was successfully fabricated by the in situ seed-induced steam-assisted method using the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a mesoporous template and a nonionic copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), F₁₂₇, as the crystal growth inhibitor. The fabricated nano-rod-shaped SAPO-11-A-F possessed nanocrystalline size, a hierarchical porous structure, and enhanced acidic sites. The added CTAB was mainly used to enhance the mesoporous structure and acid, and F₁₂₇ acted as a grain growth inhibitor. According to the orientation growth mechanism of the molecular sieves, the crystallization mechanism of the nano-rod-shaped hierarchical porous molecular sieves with different crystallization times was investigated. It was found that the nano-rod-shaped molecular sieves were formed by the accumulation of nano-sheets. Compared to three nickel catalysts with different silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-11 molecular sieves in the hydroisomerization of oleic acid to iso-alkanes, the bifunctional catalyst of 7% Ni/SAPO-11-A-F had higher isomeric selectivity (79.8%); in particular, the isomeric octadecane showed stronger selectivity, indicating that the nano-rod-shaped SAPO-11 molecular sieve is more beneficial for the hydrodehydration reaction.

A novel nano-rod-shaped SAPO-11 with a thickness of ca. 100 nm was successfully fabricated by in situ seed-induced steam assisted method using the cationic surfactant CTAB as a mesoporous template and F₁₂₇ as the crystal growth inhibitor.     

Synthesis and properties of porous CLEAs lipase by the calcium carbonate template method and its application in biodiesel production

In this work, porous cross-linked enzyme aggregates (p-CLEAs) were synthesized by the in situ co-precipitation method using CaCO₃ microparticles as templates. The preparation procedure involved the immobilization of crude lipase as CLEAs via precipitation with ammonium sulfate and entrapping these lipase molecules into the CaCO₃ templates, followed by DTT (dithiothreitol)-induced assembly of lipase molecules to form lipase microparticles (lipase molecules were assembled into microparticles internally using disulfide bonds within the lipase molecules as the molecular linkers and stimulated by dithiothreitol); finally, the removal of CaCO₃ templates was performed by EDTA to form pores in CLEAs. The scanning electron microscopy analysis of p-CLEAs showed a porous structure. p-CLEAs showed obvious improvement in thermal stability (after incubation at 65 °C, p-CLEAs lipase retained 86% relative activity, while free lipase retained only 33.67%) and pH stability (p-CLEAs relative activity was over 90% while for free lipase, the relative activity ranged from 72% to 89% from pH 6 to 9) than free lipase and could hold relatively high activity retention without activity loss at 4 °C for more than six months. The application of p-CLEAs in producing biodiesel showed a higher degree of conversion. The conversion of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was 89.7%; this value was higher by approximately 7.4% compared to that of the conventional CLEAs under the optimized conditions of a methanol–oil molar ratio of 6 : 1, with a p-CLEAs lipase dose of 20% and water content of 3% at 45 °C for 24 h. The FAME conversion remained greater than 70% even after reusing the p-CLEAs lipase for 8 reactions. The results demonstrated that the p-CLEAs lipase is suitable for applications in the preparation of biodiesel.

Porous cross-linked enzyme aggregates (p-CLEAs) were synthesized. This p-CLEAs presented a complete structure with abundant channels, large specific surface and more efficient catalytic effect compared with conventional CLEAs.     

Genetic polymorphisms of new 22 autosomal STR loci in the Mongolian ethnic group

The Microreader™ 23SP ID System is a novel STR kit, but there are no Mongolian data related to this kit. In this study, allelic frequencies and forensic parameters were obtained from 505 unrelated healthy Mongolians. These samples were amplified using the kit. The dataset successfully passed quality control after being submitted to STRidER (STRidER dataset reference STR000198). A total of 264 alleles were observed, with corresponding allelic frequencies ranged from 0.001 to 0.378. The combined power of discrimination (CPD) and combined probability of exclusion (CPE) of the 22 autosomal STR loci were 0.999999999999999999999999999217318 and 0.999999999776042, respectively. Furthermore, population differentiation comparisons involving previously reported groups were conducted.

     

Morphology and Function of the Aortic Valve after Transcatheter Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect with Aortic Valve Prolapse

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the morphology and function of the aortic valve after transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) with aortic valve prolapse (AVP) abased on clinical and radiological outcomes. Methods: From January 2013 to November 2014, 164 consecutive patients (97 males, 59.1%) with VSD and AVP were treated by transcatheter closure. The patients were divided into the mild AVP group (n = 63), moderate AVP group (n = 89) and severe AVP group (n = 12). The clinical and radiological outcomes of these patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In total, 146 (89.0%) patients were successfully treated with VSD occluders, including 59/63 (93.7%) with mild AVP, 80/89 (89.9%) with moderate AVP and 7/12 (58.3%) with severe AVP. The degree of AVP was ameliorated or disappeared in 39 (26.7%) patients, and remained unchanged in 103 (70.5%) patients after the intervention. In the 35 patients who initially had trivial-to-moderate aortic regurgitation (AR), the degree of AR was ameliorated or disappeared in 25 (71.4%) patients, aggravated from trivial to mild AR in 1 (2.9%) patient, and remained unchanged in 9 (25.7%) patients. In 111 patients without AR, 1 (0.9%) patient had mild AR and 24 (21.6%) patients had trivial AR after intervention. The depth and width of the prolapsed aortic valve decreased after transcatheter closure of VSD in all three groups. During the 70-month (range, 54–77) follow-up period, no patients with AVP and AR needed an aortic valve intervention. Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of VSD with AVP is feasible. The morphology and function of the prolapsed aortic valve improved and remained stable for a long period after intervention.     

Hyaluronan-modified transfersomes based hydrogel for enhanced transdermal delivery of indomethacin

Hyaluronic acid (HA), as a hygroscopic and biocompatible molecule, has displayed unique permeation enhancement in transdermal delivery systems. Hence, indomethacin (IND) was encapsulated in HA-modified transfersomes (IND-HTs) to enhance transdermal IND delivery to reduce adverse effects in this study. The physiochemical properties of IND-HTs were characterized. Results showed that the prepared IND-HTs were spherical and revealed good entrapment efficiency (87.88 ± 2.03%), with a nanometric particle size (221.8 ± 93.34 nm). Then, IND-HTs were further incorporated into a carbopol 940 hydrogel (IND-HTs/Gel) to prolong retention capacity on the skin. The in vitro release and skin permeation experiments of IND-HTs/Gel were carried out with the Franz diffusion cells. It was found that IND-HTs/Gel exhibited sustained drug release, as well as superior drug permeation and flux across the skin. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed improved penetration of HTs/Gel with a wider distribution and higher fluorescence intensity. The hematoxylin–eosin stained showed that HA improved the transdermal effect by changing the microstructure of skin layers and decreasing skin barrier function. In addition, IND-HTs/Gel showed significant analgesic activity in hot plate test and no potentially hazardous skin irritation. This study indicated that the developed IND-HTs/Gel could be a promising alternative to conventional oral delivery of IND by topical administration.