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1.
Thomas Grunwald Manila Vannucci Nico Pezer Martin Kurthen Johannes Schramm Christian E Elger 《Clinical EEG and neuroscience》2007,38(3):143-147
Eye contact is a powerful social stimulus for human and non-human primates. However, it is unclear whether brain mechanisms that interpret eye contact are sensitive to gender. Here we show that human brain responses to eye contact are indeed gender specific. Recording event-related potentials directly from the medial temporal lobes, we found that eye contact elicited specific responses in men only when they saw female faces. Conversely, women responded specifically to eye contact only when they saw pictures of men. Thus, the human medial temporal lobes subserve specifically the processing of eye contact with persons of the opposite gender. 相似文献
2.
Marcelo H. Grunwald Boaz Amichai Hani Giryes Sima Halevy 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》1997,9(2):166-168
We report a case of erythrodermic type of bullous pemphigoid which is a rare variant of bullous pemphigoid. Our patient had a peculiar clinical presentation with bullae, erosions and extensive erythrodermic areas, and distinct direct immunofluorescent findings which included linear IgG and C3 deposits in the basement membrane and also IgG in the intercellular spaces. Very high levels of serum IgE were also detected in our patient. 相似文献
3.
4.
Autoregulation of human retinal blood flow. An investigation with laser Doppler velocimetry 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
C E Riva J E Grunwald B L Petrig 《Investigative ophthalmology & visual science》1986,27(12):1706-1712
The effect of acute changes in mean retinal perfusion pressure, P (2/3 of mean brachial artery blood pressure minus IOP), on retinal volumetric blood flow rate, Q, was investigated in normal volunteers. Changes in Q were determined from Q = k X Vmax X D2, where Vmax is the center line red blood cell velocity measured from temporal veins by laser Doppler velocimetry, D is the vessel diameter obtained by monochromatic fundus photography, and k is a constant of proportionality. A suction cup was used to induce step changes in IOP and, consequently, in P. The magnitude of the steps ranged from 10-32 mmHg. During the first 30 sec after a step decrease in P, Vmax and Q were significantly smaller than at rest by an amount proportional to the decrease in P. Thereafter, Vmax and Q increased markedly towards their values at rest, although P changed comparatively little during this period of time. Time constant of the corresponding decrease in vascular resistance, R(t) = P(t)/Q(t), was approximately 45 sec. There was no significant change in D during elevated IOP. Removal of the cup induced an immediate step increase in P, Vmax, D, Q, and R. Thereafter, Vmax, D, Q, and R returned to their values at rest (time constant of the change in R was about 30 sec), while P remained nearly constant. The rapid change in vascular resistance following a step decrease and increase in P can be attributed to an active process that attempts to maintain blood flow close to normal, in spite of changes in perfusion pressure (autoregulation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
5.
Azra Raza Harvey D. Preisler Ya Qin Li Richard A. Larson Jack Goldberg George Browman John Bennett Hans Grunwald Ralph Vogler Cathi Kukla 《American journal of hematology》1993,42(4):359-366
A pilot study was conducted of the biological characteristics of the leukemia cells of newly diagnosed patients with poor prognosis acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). This study included measurements of the pretherapy proliferative rate of the leukemia cells in vivo, assessment of differentiation in vivo during remission induction therapy, and the level of expression of the fms, myc, and IL1β genes in pretherapy leukemia cells. Short cell cycle times were characteristic of the best prognostic category and were associated with a rapid reduction in marrow leukemia cells in cytosine arabinoside (araC)-sensitive patients. Expression of c-fms was associated with rapid reduction in marrow leukemia cells during araC therapy and with a successful treatment outcome. Expression of the IL1β gene was associated with short remissions. These studies suggest that when compared to newly diagnosed standard prognosis AML, the leukemia of poor prognosis patients is more likely to exhibit long cell cycle times, low levels of fms expression, and is less likely to be associated with myeloid differentiation during remission induction therapy. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
6.
Preventive Effects of Escherichia coli Strain Nissle 1917 on Acute and Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Two Different Murine Models of Colitis
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Michael Schultz Ulrike G. Strauch Hans-J?rg Linde Sonja Watzl Florian Obermeier Claudia G?ttl Nadja Dunger Nicole Grunwald Jürgen Sch?lmerich Heiko C. Rath 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》2004,11(2):372-378
Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) is as effective in maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis as is treatment with mesalazine. This study aims to evaluate murine models of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation to study the antiinflammatory effect of EcN in vivo. Acute colitis was induced in mice with 2% dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water. EcN was administered from day −2 to day +7. Chronic colitis was induced by transfer of CD4+ CD62L+ T lymphocytes from BALB/c mice in SCID mice. EcN was administered three times/week from week 1 to week 8 after cell transfer. Mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cytokine secretion (of gamma interferon [IFN-γ], interleukin 5 [IL-5], IL-6, and IL-10) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histologic sections of the colon were analyzed by using a score system ranging from 0 to 4. Intestinal contents and homogenized MLN were cultured, and the number of E. coli-like colonies was determined. EcN was identified by repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) PCR. EcN administration to DSS-treated mice reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, 32,477 ± 6,377 versus 9,734 ± 1,717 [P = 0.004]; IL-6, 231 ± 35 versus 121 ± 17 [P = 0.02]) but had no effect on the mucosal inflammation. In the chronic experimental colitis of the transfer model, EcN ameliorated the intestinal inflammation (histology score, 2.7 ± 0.2 versus 1.9 ± 0.3 [P = 0.02]) and reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Translocation of EcN and resident E. coli into MLN was observed in the chronic colitis model but not in healthy controls. Administration of EcN ameliorated acute and chronic experimental colitis by modifying proinflammatory cytokine secretion but had no influence on the acute DSS-induced colitis. In this model, preexisting colitis was necessary for translocation of EcN and resident E. coli into MLN. 相似文献
7.
Neulen J; Raczek S; Pogorzelski M; Grunwald K; Yeo TK; Dvorak HF; Weich HA; Breckwoldt M 《Molecular human reproduction》1998,4(3):203-206
Vascularization is a prominent event during corpus luteum formation,
providing low density lipoproteins for steroid biosynthesis and enabling
transport of secreted steroids. The process of vascularization is
controlled by specific regulators. Vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF), otherwise named vascular permeability factor (VPF), induces
endothelial cell proliferation as well as angiogenesis in vivo and
increases capillary permeability. Here we report the expression of VEGF/VPF
mRNA by cultured human luteinized granulosa cells (GC) for at least 10
days. Without HCG VEGF/VPF expression declined after day 4 and by day 10
was reduced to approximately 30% of the value at day 4. However, after
culture in the presence of 1 U/ml human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG),
expression of VEGF/VPF mRNA by GC was four times greater than control
experiments by day 10, and increased 100% from day 4 to day 10.
Simultaneously, HCG supplementation increased VEGF/VPF secretion by GC.
Medium VEGF/VPF on day 3 was 13 pM without and 11 pM with HCG. Medium
VEGF/VPF on day 10 was 6 pM without HCG and 29 pM with HCG. These results
suggest that vascularization of the corpus luteum is induced by
HCG-mediated effects of VEGF/VPF.
相似文献
8.
We present a new wavelet-based method for single trial analysis of transient and time variant event-related potentials (ERPs). Expecting more accurate filter settings than achieved by other techniques (low-pass filter, a posteriori Wiener filter, time invariant wavelet filter), ERPs were initially balanced in time. By simulation, better filter performance could be established for test signals contaminated with either white noise or isospectral noise. To provide an example of real application, the method was applied to limbic P300 potentials (MTL-P300). As a result, variance of single trial MTL-P300s decreased, without restricting the corresponding mean. The proposed method can be regarded as an alternative for single-trial ERP analysis. 相似文献
9.
Benno L. Petrig Terri L. Young Juan E. Grunwald Graham E. Quinn Charles E. Riva 《Lasers in medical science》1995,10(4):267-272
The present study was conducted to assess the feasibility of laser Doppler velocimetry in young infants, as a prelude to ultimately undertaking such measurements in premature infants. A portable, unidirectional laser Doppler velocimeter was developed based on a Kowa RC-2 hand-held fundus camera. Six infants between 1 and 21 weeks of age were studied. Relative red blood cell velocity (fmax) at the centre of retinal arteries was measured over approximately 10 heart cycles. A pulsatility parameter (P=1–fmax.dia/fmax.sys), a summary index of vascular status, was determined from the average diastolic and systolic values of fmax. Velocity waveforms were obtained in four of the six infants. Arterial pulsatility for the group was 0.63±0.13. Precise non-invasive measurement of arterial red blood cell velocity waveforms in young infants was achieved. The high signal-to-noise ratio and temporal resolution of this data suggest that relative measurements of retinal blood flow may permit assessment of haemodynamic changes in premature infants. 相似文献
10.
H R Wyatt G K Grunwald H M Seagle M L Klem M T McGuire R R Wing J O Hill 《The American journal of clinical nutrition》1999,69(6):1189-1193
BACKGROUND: Weight loss in obese subjects is associated with a reduction in resting metabolic rate (RMR). Whether the reduction can be explained solely by a reduction in lean body mass remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether the reduction in RMR after weight loss was proportional to the decrease in lean mass alone or was greater than could be explained by body composition. DESIGN: We measured the RMR, fasting respiratory quotient (RQ), and body composition in 40 reduced-obese subjects [ie, 7 men and 33 women who had lost > or = 13.6 kg (30 lb) and maintained the loss for > or = 1 y] enrolled in the National Weight Control Registry and 46 weight-matched control subjects (9 men, 37 women). RESULTS: A stepwise multiple regression found lean mass, fat mass, age, and sex to be the best predictors of RMR in both groups. After adjusting RMR for these variables, we found no significant difference in RMR (5926 +/- 106 and 6015 +/- 104 kJ/d) between the 2 groups (P = 0.35). When we adjusted fasting RQ for percentage body fat and age, the reduced-obese group had a slightly higher (0.807 +/- 0.006) RQ than the control group (0.791 +/- 0.005, P = 0.05). This may have been due to the consumption of a diet lower in fat or to a reduced capacity for fat oxidation in the reduced-obese group. CONCLUSION: These results show that in at least some reduced-obese individuals there does not seem to be a permanent obligatory reduction in RMR beyond the expected reduction for a reduced lean mass. 相似文献