Does a common pathophysiological basis exist in the association of ulcerative colitis and Takayasu's aortitis? Report of a case.

A case of a young Japanese woman with long-standing ulcerative colitis complicated by preinfarction angina due to Takayasu's aortitis is presented. Successful emergency aorto-coronary bypass operation was performed. Whether the association of these two diseases can be explained by a common mechanism is discussed.     

单节段与双节段椎弓根螺钉固定胸腰椎单椎体骨折的生物力学比较

目的:比较单节段与双节段椎弓根螺钉固定术固定胸腰椎单椎体骨折的生物力学效果。方法:在16具新鲜小牛胸腰椎标本(T11-L3)的L1椎体上制作不完全爆裂骨折模型,分为两组,分别行单节段与双节段椎弓根螺钉固定,对固定后的标本施加扭矩为4Nm的疲劳载荷共2000次,加载频率为0.5Hz,经脊柱三维运动测量系统测量正常、损伤、固定和周期性加载后固定节段前屈/后伸、左/右侧弯和左/右旋转运动时固定节段的运动范围。结果:单节段固定组前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转稳定指数(SPI)分别为0.78、0.80、0.92、0.83,双节段固定组SPI分别为0.88、0.89、0.95、0.85,在前屈方向单节段固定组明显小于双节段固定组(P<0.01);疲劳后,单节段固定组SPI在前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转方向分别降低0.05、0.03、0.05、0.11,降低值均大于双节段固定组,且在旋转和侧屈方向有显著性差异(旋转:P<0.01;侧屈:P<0.05)。结论:两种术式均可重建脊柱骨折即刻稳定性,效果无明显差异。在旋转、侧屈方向,双节段椎弓根螺钉固定术抗疲劳载荷效果优于单节段固定术。     

热分析中系列相关反应的补偿效应研究

根据热分析谱图峰顶的数学特征与Ｃｏａｔｓ－Ｒｅｄｆｅｒｎ方程，推得在一定实验条件下，在系列相关反应中，若峰顶温度相接近，则各反应的表观活化能Ｅ与指前因子Ａ之间存在着有动力学意义的补偿效应，即ｌｎＡ＝ａＥ＋ｂ。并经系列含水硫酸盐脱水反应实验验证。     

Effective intracellular delivery of oligonucleotides in order to make sense of antisense.

For more than two decades, antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs) have been used to modulate gene expression for the purpose of applications in cell biology and for development of novel sophisticated medical therapeutics. Conceptually, the antisense approach represents an elegant strategy, involving the targeting to and association of an ODN sequence with a specific mRNA via base-pairing, resulting in an impairment of functional and/or harmful protein expression in normal and diseased cells/tissue, respectively. Apart from ODN stability, its efficiency very much depends on intracellular delivery and release/access to the target side, issues that are still relatively poorly understood. Since free ODNs enter cells relatively poorly, appropriate carriers, often composed of polymers and cationic lipids, have been developed. Such carriers allow efficient delivery of ODNs into cells in vitro, and the mechanisms of delivery, both in terms of biophysical requirements for the carrier and cell biological features of uptake, are gradually becoming apparent. To become effective, ODNs require delivery into the nucleus, which necessitates release of internalized ODNs from endosomal compartments, an event that seems to depend on the nature of the delivery vehicle and distinct structural shape changes. Interestingly, evidence is accumulating which suggests that by modulating the surface properties of the carrier, the kinetics of such changes can be controlled, thus providing possibilities for programmable release of the carrier contents. Here, consideration will also be given to antisense design and chemistry, and the challenge of extra- and intracellular barriers to be overcome in the delivery process.     

米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止早孕118例临床观察

就米非司酮配伍采米前列醇序贯用药终止７周内早孕１１８例进行临床观察，发现完全流产率９２．３７％，不全流产率５．９３％，持续妊娠率１．６９％。临床证明该方法方便、安全有效、副作用极小，但个别孕妇产生不全流产，引起出血过多及出血时间延长。不全流产率有随孕妇年龄、孕龄、孕次增加而增加的趋势。     

Analysis of Intestinal Perfusion Data for Highly Permeable Drugs Using a Numerical Aqueous Resistance—Nonlinear Regression Method

Purpose. To develop, validate and apply a method for analyzing the intestinal perfusion data of highly permeable compounds using the Numerical Aqueous Resistance (NAR) theory and nonlinear regression (NAR-NLR) and to compare the results with the well-established Modified Boundary Layer (MBL) Analysis. Methods. The NAR-NLR method was validated and the results were compared to the MBL analysis results using previously reported cephradine jejunal perfusion data. Using the Single Pass Intestinal Perfusion (SPIP) method, the concentration dependence of intestinal permeability was investigated for formycin B, proline, and thymidine, three compounds reported to be absorbed by carrier-mediated transport processes. The MBL and NAR-NLR analyses were then applied to the three sets of SPIP data. Results. The results demonstrate that the intrinsic MBL transport parameters were highly variable and, in one case, the analyses failed to give a statistically significant Michaelis constant. The MBL mean dimensionless wall permeabilities (P*_w) were greater than the NAR-NLR P*_w and were also highly variable. In all cases, the NAR-NLR variability was significantly lower than the MBL variability. The extreme variability in the MBL-calculated P*_w is due to the sensitivity of P*_w when the fraction of unabsorbed drug (C_m/C_o) is low or, alternatively, when P*_w approached the aqueous permeability, P*_aq. Conclusions. The NAR-NLR method facilitates the analysis of intestinal perfusion data for highly permeable compounds such as those absorbed by carrier-mediated processes at concentrations below their K_m. The method also allows for the use of a wider range of flow conditions than the MBL analysis resulting in more reliable and less variable estimates of intestinal transport parameters as well as intestinal wall permeabilities.     

Advance in animal experiments with the undulation pump total artificial heart: 50 and 54 day survival periods with 1/R control

The undulation pump total artificial heart (UPTAH) is a unique, implantable, total artificial heart (TAH) that uses undulation pumps. To achieve long-term survival in animals with physiologic hemodynamic conditions, a control method based on conductance and arterial pressure was applied to UPTAH. With this control method, called 1/R control, survival periods of 50 days (No. 0016, 49.6 kg) and 54 days (No. 0030, 42.5 kg) were obtained in adult female goats. In No. 0016, 1/R control was applied to the left pump, whereas in No. 0030, it was applied to the right pump. Another pump was used for left-right balance control. The control stability was better in No. 0030 than in No. 0016. The sucking effect of the left atrium was remarkable in No. 0016, possibly because of a time delay when left-right balance control was performed with the right pump. In No. 0016, the cause of death was probably a thrombus flown from a panus in the left atrium. It is possible that the left atrial suction effect influenced the thrombus and panus formation in the left atrium. In No. 0030, the cause of death was a small rupture of the membrane in the right pump. The rupture may have been caused by excessive negative pressure inside the pump. This pressure resulted from suction of the right atrium because of an unexpected control excursion, which was probably caused by a software bug. It will be necessary to redesign the undulation pump and improve the software to achieve longer survival periods for animals with physiologic hemodynamic conditions.