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1.
Mitchell L. Halperin Efstratios Kasimatis Oded Friedman 《Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.)》2004,18(2):103-110
A patient had the onset of a severe degree of metabolic alkalosis associated with a very large daily loss of diarrheal fluid. Because the expected acid-base disorder in this setting is metabolic acidosis, factors that could result in the markedly increased concentration of bicarbonate (HCO3−) in plasma (P
3) were sought. In our approach, there is an emphasis on electroneutrality, mass balance, a quantitative analysis, and the application of basic concepts in physiology at the bedside. We suggest that there were 3 major factors that could explain why the P
3 was so high. First, a severe degree of extracellular fluid volume contraction was probably the most important factor that raised her P
3. Second, there may have been an unusual way to have an electroneutral addition of HCO3− and removal of chloride ions from her extracellular fluid compartment. Third, the diarrheal fluid could have contained little HCO3− because of a down-regulated intestinal secretion of HCO3−. This analysis challenges the traditional pathophysiology of metabolic alkalosis. 相似文献
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Pyrgaki Konstantina Argyraki Ariadne Kelepertzis Efstratios Botsou Fotini Megremi Ifigeneia Karavoltsos Sotirios Dassenakis Emmanuel Mpouras Thanasis Dermatas Dimitrios 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2021,106(3):446-452
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - The holistic approach of Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) methodology was applied to selected Cr(VI) impacted groundwater... 相似文献
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Karolina Akinosoglou Efstratios Apostolakis Markos Marangos Geoffrey Pasvol 《European Journal of Internal Medicine》2013,24(6):510-519
Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) accounts for 5–10% of all cases of infective endocarditis (IE), and is predominantly encountered in the injecting drug user (IDU) population, where HIV and HCV coinfections often coexist. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen. The pathogenesis of RSIE is still not well understood. RSIE usually presents as a persistent fever with respiratory symptoms whilst signs of systemic embolisation as seen in left-sided IE are notably absent. The prompt diagnosis of RSIE thus requires a high index of suspicion. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can detect the majority of RSIE, whilst transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) can increase sensitivity. Virulence of the causative organism and vegetation size are the major determinants of prognosis. Most cases of RSIE resolve with appropriate antibiotic administration. 相似文献
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The frequencies of the hereditary hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutations C282Y and H63D vary between different populations. There are a limited number of reports regarding the frequency of these mutations in populations of southeastern Europe. Two hundred and sixty-four adult individuals of Greek origin were examined for the C282Y and H63D mutations to determine the allele and genotype frequencies. The HFE gene region of DNA samples extracted from peripheral leukocytes was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Restriction enzyme analysis was performed using RSAI for C282Y and MBOI for H63D. None of the 264 individuals carried the mutation C282Y. Forty-three individuals (16.2%) were heterozygous carriers of the H63D allele and 2 were homozygous for this mutation (0.75%). The overall H63D allele prevalence is thus estimated at 8.9%. HFE mutation frequencies were low in the population studied and this may explain, in part, the relative rarity of clinical cases of hereditary hemochromatosis in Greece. 相似文献
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Korkolopoulou P Gribabis DA Kavantzas N Angelopoulou MK Siakantaris MP Patsouris E Androulaki A Thymara I Kokoris SI Kyrtsonis MC Kittas C Pangalis GA 《British journal of haematology》2003,122(6):900-910
Bone marrow angiogenesis has recently been implicated in the pathophysiology and course of various haematological malignancies. Little is known, however, about the significance of this phenomenon in hairy cell leukaemia (HCL). We evaluated various morphometric characteristics of microvessels, highlighted by means of anti-CD34 immunohistochemistry, in the bone marrow of 44 patients with typical HCL, before and after treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Overall, bone marrow from 103 HCL patients and 20 controls was examined. Microvessel density (MVD) and several size- and shape-related parameters were quantified in the region of most intense vascularization using image analysis. MVD, size-related parameters and the percentage of branching microvessels were higher in HCL than in controls. Likewise, perimeter counts were higher in partial/non-responders than in complete responders. Achievement of complete response was accompanied by smaller calibre microvessels. IFN-alpha induced a decrease in MVD and branching values in cases with diffuse marrow involvement. In univariate analysis, progression-free survival was adversely affected by MVD, branching and major axis length. Multivariate analysis indicated that MVD/branching independently affected progression-free survival and the likelihood of complete response. Our data suggest that the generation of bone marrow microvessels indicated an increased risk of progression and IFN-alpha treatment failure in HCL. Furthermore, the prognostic significance of angiogenesis requires the concomitant assessment of MVD and the complexity of the microvascular network. 相似文献
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Georgakarakos E Georgiadis GS Ioannou CV Kapoulas KC Trellopoulos G Lazarides M 《Vascular medicine (London, England)》2012,17(3):168-173
The isolation of the aneurysm sac from systemic pressure and its consequent shrinkage are considered criteria of success after endovascular repair (EVAR). However, the process of shrinkage does not solely depend on the intrasac pressure, the predictive role of which remains ambiguous. This brief review summarizes the additional pathophysiological mechanisms that regulate the biomechanical properties of the aneurysm wall and may interfere with the process of aneurysm sac shrinkage. 相似文献