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1.
Early Postnatal Changes in the Somatodendritic Morphology of Ankle Flexor Motoneurons in the Rat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joanna Dekkers David L. Becker Jeremy E. Cook Roberto Navarrete 《The European journal of neuroscience》1994,6(1):87-97
The development of locomotor function in the rat spans the first 3 postnatal weeks. We have studied morphological features of the soma and dendrites of motoneurons innervating the physiological flexor muscles of the ankle, tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus, by intracellular injection in vitro between the first and ninth postnatal days. We obtained serial optical sections of 96 adequately filled motoneurons in whole-mounted hemisected spinal cords by confocal microscopy, projected them onto a single plane and analysed them morphometrically. On the day after birth, the somatodendritic surfaces of most such motoneurons were covered in growth-associated spiny, thorny or hair-like appendages. These had disappeared from the soma by the fourth postnatal day and from most proximal dendrites by day 7, but were still common distally on day 9. During this period there was little or no net growth of either the soma (which was still much smaller than in the adult) or the dendritic tree. A dorsal dendritic bias was present and 'sprays' of long, loosely bundled dorsal dendrites were often seen. The mean number of primary dendrites remained constant at about eight, and their combined diameter was already significantly correlated with mean soma diameter, as in the adult cat. Thus, the critical neonatal period during which these ankle flexor motoneurons are known to change their electrophysiological properties and to be particularly sensitive to interference with neuromuscular interaction is characterized by major changes in the neuronal surface, presumably linked to synaptogenesis. 相似文献
2.
Olszyna DP Prins JM Dekkers PE De Jonge E Speelman P Van Deventer SJ Van Der Poll T 《Journal of clinical immunology》1999,19(6):399-405
Chemokines are a superfamily of small chemotactic proteins. While increased levels of interleukin-8 have been measured in serum and urine during urinary tract infection, little is known about other chemokines in this condition. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)–1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)–1, MIP-1 and interferon- inducible protein (IP)–10 were measured in 30 patients with culture-proven urosepsis during a 3-day follow-up and in 11 healthy humans after intravenous injection of endotoxin (4 ng/kg). Urine and serum levels of MCP-1, MIP-1, and IP-10, but not of MIP-1, were elevated in patients on admission, and decreased after initiation of antibiotic treatment. Endotoxin administration to healthy subjects induced increases in plasma and urine concentrations of all four chemokines. These data indicate that clinical and experimental gram-negative infection in humans is associated with enhanced production of chemokines that act mainly on mononuclear cells and that these chemokines are at least in part locally produced. 相似文献
3.
Dekkers PA Lawson DS Smigla GR Shearer IR 《The Journal of extra-corporeal technology》1995,27(3):152-157
The Terumo Capiox SX18R is a commercially available, low prime, reverse phase, hollow fiber membrane oxygenator. The oxygenator consists of a 1.8 m2 microporous polypropylene hollow fiber bundle, a 2200 cm2 tubular stainless steel heat exchanger, and an open hard shell venous reservoir with integral cardiotomy filter. The Terumo Capiox SX18R oxygenator was evaluated to determine its clinical oxygenating performance. Blood samples were drawn from 25 patients yielding 114 data points. The following parameters were recorded: blood flow, cardiac index, gas flow, gas to blood flow ratio, and oxygen fraction. Samples were assayed for hematocrit, hemoglobin, arterial and venous blood gas values, and venous oxygen saturation. The data and assay results were used to calculate arterial, venous, and membrane gas oxygen content, oxygen transfer, shunt fraction, and oxygen diffusion capacity. The Terumo Capiox SX18R oxygenator performed adequately with sufficient oxygen transfer reserve and carbon dioxide clearance under a variety of clinical conditions for the tested population. 相似文献
4.
The 'Bill on Medical Scientific Research with Humans' fail to state clearly which research may and which research may not be carried out without previous approval from a review committee. This is a problem especially with regard to studies using human body material and studies involving questioning people to collect study data. For the sake of clarity in practice it would be advisable if researchers and review committees would observe the following rules: every planned research project which involves patients or other persons having to do or to undergo something for the special purpose of the study must be submitted by the researchers to a review committee. However, actual reviewing is only necessary in the case of studies which, in the review committee's opinion, entail a real health risk or cause significant physical inconvenience or mental stress. Research involving persons who are vulnerable with respect to self-determination, such as the mentally incompetent, should always be reviewed, even if it does not seriously threaten the subjects' physical or mental well-being. 相似文献
5.
Effect of genetic modification of acute inflammatory responsiveness on tumorigenesis in the mouse 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
6.
We report an appendicitis complicated by a splenic abscess in a patient with polycystic kidneys and multiple cystic lesions in the liver. Clinical decision making for operative intervention was made difficult by the extensive intra-abdominal abnormalities seen on computer tomography. Finally curation was achieved by splenectomy and appendectomy. 相似文献
7.
Reduced Th1, but not Th2, cytokine production by lymphocytes after in vivo exposure of healthy subjects to endotoxin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
Lauw FN ten Hove T Dekkers PE de Jonge E van Deventer SJ van Der Poll T 《Infection and immunity》2000,68(3):1014-1018
Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) tolerance is characterized by a reduced capacity of monocytes to produce proinflammatory cytokines upon restimulation in vitro. To determine whether LPS exposure induces a change in lymphocyte cytokine production and whether this results in a shift in the T-helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 balance, whole blood obtained from seven healthy subjects before and after an intravenous injection of LPS (4 ng/kg) was stimulated in vitro with the T-cell stimulus anti-CD3/CD28 or staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Whole-blood production of the Th1 cytokines gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was markedly reduced at 3 and 6 h, while the production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 was not influenced or was slightly increased. The IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio was strongly decreased at 6 h. Serum obtained after LPS exposure could slightly inhibit the release of IFN-gamma but increased IL-4 production during stimulation of blood drawn from subjects not previously exposed to LPS. Normal serum also inhibited IFN-gamma production, albeit to a lesser extent. LPS exposure influences lymphocyte cytokine production, resulting in a shift toward a Th2 cytokine response, an effect that may be mediated in part by soluble factors present in serum after LPS administration in vivo. 相似文献
8.
M.A. van Meegen S.W.J. Terheggen K.J. Koymans L.A.W. Vijftigschild J.F. Dekkers C.K. van der Ent J.M. Beekman 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2013,12(5):487-496
BackgroundOver the last decade novel monoclonal CFTR-specific antibodies have been developed. We here present a paired analysis to detect wild-type and mutant CFTR using Western blot analysis, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy in several cellular expression systems.MethodsThe following CFTR-specific antibodies were used; 217, 432, 450, 570, 769, 596, 660, L12B4 and 24.1. Mutant CFTR was detected in HEK293 cells transiently expressing the mutations; G542X, R1162X, F508del, N1303K, G551D, R117H, A455E.ResultsThe majority of these antibodies are suitable for most applications tested. Using immunofluorescence, some antibodies can better detect mutant forms of CFTR (F508del and N1303K by mAbs 596 and 769), or display lower aspecific detection by Western blot analysis (mAbs 432, 450, 769 and 596) or immunofluorescence (mAbs 432, 450, 570 and 769).ConclusionOptimal detection of CFTR by monoclonal antibodies depends on CFTR mutation and the specific research application. 相似文献
9.
UV-C irradiation has been shown to be effective for pathogen reduction in platelet concentrates, but preliminary work indicated that UV-C irradiation of platelets can induce platelet aggregation. In this study, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon was investigated. Irradiation of platelets with UV-C light (1500 J/m(2)) caused platelet aggregation, which was dependent on integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation (GPIIb/IIIa). This activation occurred despite treatment with several signal transduction inhibitors known to block platelet activation. UV-C also induced activation of recombinant alphaIIbbeta3 in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, an environment in which physiologic agonists fail to activate. Activation of alphaIIbbeta3 requires talin binding to the beta3 tail, yet alphaIIbbeta3-Delta724 (lacking the talin binding site) was activated by UV-C irradiation, excluding a requirement for talin binding. The UV-C effect appears to be general in that beta(1) and beta(2) integrins are also activated by UV-C. To explain these findings, we investigated the possibility of UV-C-induced photolysis of disulfide bonds, in analogy with the activating effect of reducing agents on integrins. Indeed, UV-C induced a marked increase in free thiol groups in platelet surface proteins including alphaIIbbeta3. Thus, UV-C appears to activate alphaIIbbeta3 not by affecting intracellular signal transduction, but by reduction of disulfide bonds regulating integrin conformation. 相似文献
10.
Determinants of impaired renal and vascular function are associated with elevated levels of procoagulant factors in the general population 下载免费PDF全文
I. A. Dekkers R. de Mutsert A. P. J. de Vries F. R. Rosendaal S. C. Cannegieter J. W. Jukema S. le Cessie T. J. Rabelink H. J. Lamb W. M. Lijfering 《Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis》2018,16(3):519-528
Essentials
- Why venous thrombosis is more prevalent in chronic kidney disease is unclear.
- We investigated whether renal and vascular function are associated with hypercoagulability.
- Coagulation factors showed a procoagulant shift with impaired renal and vascular function.
- This suggests that renal and vascular function play a role in the etiology of thrombosis.