An experimental study of intravascular stent in abdominal aorta of atherosclerotic miniature pigs.

To study the effects of nitinol alloy stent in the treatment of atherosclerotic arterial stenosis, eight miniature pigs were subject to abdominal aortic balloon denudation and high-fatty food. Then 8 nitinol alloy stents were implanted into each abdominal aortas of pigs. The pigs were equally divided into two groups. One group was given captopril (3 mg / kg / d). All animals were sacrified) for pathological examination 6 to 10 months after stent implantation. The degree of arterial intima proliferation in the areas of stent implantation not significantly different from that of areas of balloon denudation alone; the atherosclerotic lesions were found at the arterial surface of stent implantation sites. The intima layer was rich in smooth muscle cells, with atherosclerotic plaque formed around the stent wire. On the other hand, significant decrease in arterial intima proliferation was found in group Ⅱ with no atherosclerotic plaque. The arterial stenosis resulting from atherosclerotic lesion could not be     

Experimental study on the occlusion of arterial blood flow by the implantation of nitinol alloy stents.

To evaluate the occlusion of arteries, 6 conic intravaseular endoprosthetic stents of titanium-nickel alloy were implanted transluminally to the right external iliac arteries in 2 normal dogs and 4 normal pigs. The stent was characterized by ductility below 313 K (40℃) and restoration memory-shape between 313-319 K. The diameter of the large end of conic stent was 4.0 mm (dog) and 4.5 mm(pig). The topographic anatomy showed that the external iliac artery was near complete occlusion, with a very small residual lumen (about 1 mm in diameter) in dogs at 6 months, with complete occlusion in pigs at 8 months. The histopathological examination indicated that the arterial intima of the upper branch from the stented site was smooth, and that neither inflammatory cell infiltration nor foreign giant cell reaction was found. The newly formed granulation tissue inside the stent came from emboli organization. These results suggest that the shape-memory alloy stent has good biocompatibility and the conic intravascnla     

镍钛形状记忆合金血管内支架组织相容性实验研究

将锥形记忆合金支架分别植入６只猪右侧髂动脉。用以研究镍钛形状记忆合金血管内支架生物相容性，支架植入前入植入后８个月，观测动物血常规，肝肾功能以及毛发中镍钛元素含量，均无明显变化（Ｐ〉０．０５），支架植入后８个月处死动物，全身重要脏器（肝、脾、肾、肺、心、脑等）病理学检查结构正常，无淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润，支架植入部位上游血管壁内膜光滑，内皮细胞结构正常，内弹力板完整，支架植入段为完整肉芽组织阻塞，     

Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in the early onset of coronary heart disease

Objective To assess the relationship between apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and the early onset of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the effect of apoE on lipids and lipoproteins in healthy Chinese subjects. Methods Sixty-eight patients with CHD younger than 55 years (CHD1), 136 patients with CHD older than 65 years (CHD2), and 136 healthy subjects were enrolled, and their plasma levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined. The apoE genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results apoE 3/4 genotype and E4 allele frequency in the CHD1 group were higher than those in the CHD2 group and healthy subjects, while no differences were found between CHD2 and healthy subjects. Meanwhile, the plasma levels of TC and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in the CHD2 group than in both CHD1 group and healthy subjects.Each apoE isoprotein has variable TC and LDL-C levels that is E2 (E2/2+E2/3)＜E3(E3/3)<E4(E4/4+E3/4). Conclusion apoE is one of the genetic factors that affect TC and LDL-C levels, and apoE 4 has a very close relation to CHD, suggesting that apoE 4 is an independent genetic factor of the early onset of CHD.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术治疗冠心病200例

200例冠心病患者,63例为心肌梗塞后择期冠脉血管成形术（PTCA）;132例患劳力型心绞痛、5例急性心肌梗塞（AMI）为急诊PTCA。PTCA方法按常规进行,195例成功,成功率97．5％。扩张232处病变,其中左前降支病变147处,右冠病变63处,回族支病变22处。冠脉病变分型：A型病变118支,B1型病变68支,B2型病变21支,C型病变25支。C型中21支为完全闭塞病变,17例手术成功。手术并发症包括急性血管闭塞2例,血管内膜撕裂C型以上15例,死亡1例。4年随访中,5例患者症状复发,其中3例为原扩张部位再狭窄。     

冠心病临床诊断及冠状动脉病变特点再探讨(附450例冠脉造影分析)

为探讨冠心病（CHD）临床诊断的注意点,统计分析5年完成的选择性冠状动脉造影（CAG450例。结果提示依据典型心前区疼痛可得到一较为可靠的初步结论,心前区不适时常规12导联心电图的动态变化对CHD的诊断有较大价值。运动心电图诊断CHD的特异性在男性病人较高,在女性则较低。非创伤性检查中以心电图的动态改变对CHD的诊断价值最大;CHD血管病变中以前降支病变多见,且常合并有其它血管病变而形成两支病变。     

心力衰竭合并瓣膜性心脏病介入治疗研究现状

随着人口老龄化，瓣膜性心脏病的发生率逐渐增加，常导致心力衰竭。心力衰竭也可引起心脏结构的改变，导
致继发性瓣膜病变。最常见的瓣膜病变是二尖瓣反流和主动脉瓣狭窄。以心导管为基础的介入治疗的迅速发展为
心力衰竭合并瓣膜性心脏病的治疗带来了重大突破。     

早发冠心病患者脂蛋白脂酶基因多态性与血脂关系研究

目的:探讨早发冠心病(CHD)患者脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因多态性特征及其与血脂关系。方法:收集106例早发CHD患者(早发CHD组)血脂参数等资料,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,分析LPL的P、H基因型及其等位基因频率分布(HindⅢ和PVUⅡ酶切),并与81例非CHD者(对照组)进行比较。结果:早发CHD组血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平较对照组降低(P<0.05)。早发CHD组P+,H+等位基因频率高于对照组(P<0.05)。H+H+基因型TC、TG明显高于H+H-基因型,HDL-D低于H+H-基因型;P+P+基因型TG明显高于P-P-基因型,HDL-C低于P-P-基因型(均P<0.05)。结论:早发CHD患者血清TC、TG和LDL-C高于对照组,HDL-C低于对照组;P+,H+等位基因频率高于对照组。H+H+和P+P+基因型影响血脂水平。     

川芎嗪药物涂层支架预防猪冠状动脉再狭窄的实验研究

目的 探讨川芎嗪药物涂层支架(TES)预防冠状动脉再狭窄的作用机制及其有效性.方法 TES为金属管状支架经喷涂川芎嗪单体制成(含川芎嗪200μg).采用随机、双盲实验在14只小型猪的冠状动脉左前降支分别置入TES及金属裸支架(BMS)(实验组7只,对照组7只).支架置入前后均行定量冠状动脉造影(QCA)及血管内超声(IVUS)检查.术后第28天随访行QCA及ⅣUS观察支架内膜增殖及血栓形成情况.实验终点处死动物,获取支架置入段血管及支架前后5 cm处组织行病理学及免疫组化检查.结果 14只动物均成功置入支架,4只动物因手术意外死亡未列入统计.5只动物于左前降支置入TES,5只动物置入BMs.术后第28天随访,QCA检查支架段血管直径狭窄百分比两组分别为实验组(10.0±2.1)%和对照组(60.2±23.5)%(P=0.01).IVUS检查显示,两组支架内面积相似,均未见血栓形成.对照组内弹力膜面积较实验组明显减小(P=0.021),而新生内膜面积明显增大(P=0.004).术后处死动物组织形态学检查显示两组血管损伤评分和支架内面积相近(P>0.05),均无明显的炎症反应,但实验组管腔面积[(4.34±0.93)mm2]较对照组[(1.29±1.02)mm2]明显增加(P=0.011),新生内膜面积[(1.51±0.45)mm2]较对照组[(4.60±1.39)mm2]明显减少(P=0.004).组织病理学检查提示所有支架置入节段均完全内皮化,实验组增殖细胞核抗原染色阳性细胞核明显减少,凋亡细胞较对照组增多.结论 川芎嗪药物涂层支架能有效抑制血管内膜增殖及血栓形成,减少支架内再狭窄.     

缓激肽对内皮祖细胞存活、迁移及凋亡的影响

目的 观察不同浓度的缓激肽对人脐血来源的内皮祖细胞存活、迁移及凋亡的影响。方法 采用密度梯度离心法从人脐带血获取单个核细胞,将其接种在人纤维连接蛋白包被的培养板上,培养7天后,收集贴壁细胞。通过免疫荧光法鉴定,FITC标记的异凝集素和DiI标记的乙酰化低密度脂蛋白染色双染色阳性细胞为正在分化的内皮祖细胞,并经流式细胞仪检测技术进一步确定内皮祖细胞。以不同浓度缓激肽（1、10、100 nmol/L）或缓激肽B2受体阻断剂艾替班特+ 10 nmol/L 缓激肽干预内皮祖细胞 16 h。分别采用MTT比色法、Transwell小室和膜联蛋白V-异硫氰酸荧光素/碘化丙啶流式细胞术及Hoechst33342染色法观察缓激肽对人内皮祖细胞的存活、迁移以及凋亡影响。 结果 缓激肽在1、10 nmol/L浓度时可促进人内皮祖细胞存活、迁移,抑制其凋亡（P<0.05）。然而100 nmol/L缓激肽无促人内皮祖细胞存活、迁移和抑制其凋亡的作用（P>0.05）。缓激肽促人内皮祖细胞存活、迁移,抑制其凋亡的作用可被艾替班特阻断（P<0.05）。 结论 缓激肽在一定范围内可促进内皮祖细胞的存活、迁移,并抑制其凋亡,此作用主要由缓激肽B2受体介导。