螺旋CT高分辨率扫描对支气管扩张的诊断价值

以往支气管扩张的确诊一向依赖于支气管碘油造影 ,但由于碘油造影病人痛苦 ,副作用大 ,操作比较费时 ,在临床上逐渐被淘汰。ＣＴ诊断支气管扩张具有高度的特异性和敏感性 ,并且无痛苦 ,但是普通ＣＴ对轻度支气管扩张的检出率不甚理想。螺旋ＣＴ高分辨率扫描弥补了这一不足 ,已成为一种可靠的术前诊断和准确估计支气管扩张的方法 ,基本上可以代替传统的支气管造影[1] 。1　资料与方法本组 41例 ,男性 2 7例 ,女性 2 4例。年龄 13～ 72岁 ,平均 45 .1岁。临床表现 :咳嗽 2 8例 ,咳痰 17例 ,咯血或痰中带血 32例 ,发烧 8例。病史 7ｄ～ 38年。…     

TUMORAL CALCINOSIS A CASE REPORT

Tumoral calcinosis is a rare disease. Recent- ]y we found a typical case and thereby report it in the following. The patient was a 62-year old male admitted to this hospital on July l, 1982. Five months be- fore admission he found a mass of about half an egg size on the lateral side of the left knee. The mass was painful and the pain increased when the knee was flexed and decreased when it was stretched. The patient had been diagnosed as a case of "chondroma", "synovial chondromatosis", etc. by several other hospitals. Physical examination found a protrusion in the lateral side of the left knee and a hard pal- pable mass of about 3.5 X 4 cm. No distinct bor- derline between the mass and the surrounding tissue was seen. Radiographs showed a multi-nodular, calci- fied mass within the soft tissue of the lateral side of the left knee, which measured 3.5 x 4 cm and had a sharp margin. Bony structure of the knee joint was normal. An operation performed on July 10, 1982 found a mass with intact capsule which was re- moved from between the biceps femoris and vas- tus lateralis. It was a firm, rubbery tumor and covered by grayish-white to grayish-yellow fibrous tissue. Sectioning of the tumor revealed a multi- lobular structure with a fibrous connective tissue band separating the pasty, calcarenous deposits. Microscopically, multiple cystlike cavities were filled with blue-colored materials. The fibrous walls of the cysts consisted of numerous fibrous tissue in which there were multinucleated giant cells and histiocytes. Pathologic diagnosis was tumoral calcinosis.     

嗅母细胞瘤的CT表现(附三例报告)

1　典型病例例1:男,28岁。左鼻反复出血,左鼻塞两年余。五官科检查:左中鼻道前端见新生物表面不平,质软,易出血;后段中鼻甲与中隔粘连,中隔偏左,未见脓性分泌物。ＣＴ表现:左侧鼻后部及顶壁可见软组织肿块充填,ＣＴ值约34Ｈｕ。且向左侧筛窦蔓延,侵犯筛窦外侧壁,骨质呈明显压迫吸收改变。前颅凹底完整。我院病理报告为嗅神经母细胞瘤。例2:男,42岁。左侧鼻塞一年余。五官科检查:左侧鼻腔见新生物。ＣＴ表现:左侧筛窦及上鼻道软组织块影,大小约2ｃｍ×4ｃｍ×4ｃｍ,密度均匀,周围骨质尚完整,左侧上颌窦和额窦阻塞性炎症改变;左侧额窦前壁骨质…     

不典型X线表现导致胃癌误诊病例的探讨

随着临床经验的积累和胃双重对比检查的广泛应用,胃癌X线诊断的正确率近年来有显著提高,但非典型X线表现导致误诊的病例仍对有发生。为此,本文拟对1983～1986年间本院胃癌X线诊断中的4例具有非典型X线表现的误诊病例作一回顾性分析,从中吸取教训。病例报告及分析一、有“牛眼征”的胃体高位癌误诊为平滑肌肉瘤。例1,男性,57岁。钡餐检查示胃体上部4.5×4.2厘米大的类圆形充盈缺损,边缘光滑,中央有一约1.3×0.9     

乳腺肿物CT和钼靶X线比较观察

我们采用普通全身CT扫描机,配以自制辅助架,对92例乳腺肿物患者进行了增强前后扫描,并结合病理结果与钼靶检查结果进行对照分析,以求进一步提高对乳腺病变CT扫描价值和乳腺CT扫描方法的认识。     

CT与MRI在胆系结石诊断中的对比研究

目的比较CT与MRI诊断胆系结石疾病的临床价值。资料与方法对28例胆系结石患者进行CT与MRI检查，并与临床诊断或手术结果对照，其中胆囊结石11例，胆管结石8例，胆囊结石合并胆管结石9例。CT采用常规1次屏气螺旋扫描，MRI采用FLASH、HASTE、TRUEFISP序列及磁共振胰胆为5管造影(MRCP)成像技术。结果28例中，CT检查明确诊断结石16例(准确性7．1％)，MRI检查明确诊断27例(准确性为96．4％)。结论CT与MRI对胆系结石均有较好的诊断价值，但MRI具有成像参数多、可多平面观察及可特殊成像(MRCP)等特点，对胆系结石的诊断明显优于CT。     

CT对脑型血吸虫病诊断价值的探讨

血吸虫病是由血吸虫寄生于人体引起的。除了累及结肠、肝脏、脾脏和肺部外 ,也常损害脑[1] ,称之为脑型血吸虫病。早期诊治 ,愈后较好[2 ] 。脑型血吸虫病的ＣＴ图像表现因阶段不同而有不完全相同的特征 ,国际上对此报道较少。本文回顾性分析了 2 0例在本院行头颅ＣＴ检查并经手术病理和治疗随访已经确诊为脑型血吸虫病患者的ＣＴ图像表现 ,旨在提高该病的早期诊断和治疗。现报告如下 :1　材料与方法1)　一般资料 :脑型血吸虫病患者 2 0例 ,其中男 14例 ,女 6例。年龄 2 3～ 5 0岁 ,平均 32岁。临床表现以头痛、呕吐就诊者 6例 ,伴不完全性…     

腰椎间小关节损伤的X线诊断

腰椎间小关节亦称椎间后关节,是指上一腰椎的下关节突和下一腰(骶)椎的上关节突构成的关节.腰椎间小关节损伤包括关节软骨的磨损、关节间隙狭窄、关节结构紊乱(或称错位).自Chormly 1933年报告以来,逐渐被人注意,临床上很多腰痛病例可归属于此类型.腰椎间小关节损伤主要靠X线诊断,国内所见报道不多.我们收集了74例临床上有下腰痛症状、X线有小关节损伤征象,分析报告如下,以提高对本病的认识.