多层螺旋CT对胫骨平台骨折的诊断价值

目的:评价MSCT在胫骨平台骨折的分类及制定合理的治疗方案方面的价值。方法:对24例常规X线平片或临床诊断为胫骨平台骨折的患者进行MSCT扫描,并对图像进行MPR、SSD和VR重建,对骨折的部位、范围、碎骨片的数量或骨折程度、胫骨平台受累情况、手术入路、骨质疏松程度及骨组织的缺损等做出评价。骨折的分型根据Swiss AO-ASIF法。结果:24例患者中有19例进行了手术治疗,术中所见与轴位MSCT和MPR、SSD及VR重建图像综合做出的诊断一致。结论:MSCT及其MPR、SSD、VR重建技术对于胫骨平台的骨折分型及术前评价有重要意义。     

猫脑出血血肿周围组织糖代谢的18F-FDG PET/CT研究

目的：研究猫脑出血后血肿周同脑组织糖代谢的变化规律。方法：14只猫作为实验对象，取自体股动脉血1．0ml，在立体定向仪下注入猫右侧基底节处，制作猫脑出血模型，模型组按脑血肿手术形成后的时间分为2、6、12、24、48、72、120h共7组，每组2只；对照组2只，除不注血外，手术操作同模型组。每组动物行MR检查后，从股静脉注入^(18)F—FDG5mCi，40min后行PET／CT检查，并依据PET图像，对血肿周围脑组织进行放射计数的统计与分析。结果：①PET／CT能较清楚地显示猫脑正常结构及血肿、血肿周围组织的代谢变化；②从PET图像上观察，血肿形成2h，血肿周围脑组织^（18）F—FDG浓聚程度已发现明显减低，并明显低于镜像侧，术后6h达最低水平，72h开始明显恢复，120h双侧接近一致并开始恢复至对照组水平；③模型组血肿周围脑组织^（18）F—FDG放射计数值的分布呈现2-48h低计数，72h计数开始升高，120h时双侧接近并开始恢复至对照组水平。结论：血肿形成后2～48h双侧脑组织糖代谢率明显降低，且患侧明显低于镜像健侧，72h开始恢复，120h接近于对照组。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断中的价值

目的 探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET/CT显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)诊断中的临床价值及原发肿瘤病灶平均标准摄取值(SUVmax)对患者预后的判断价值.方法 回顾性总结17例2002-2008年临床疑诊MPM患者18F-FDG PET/CT显像资料,测量病灶的SUVmax.将病理检查及临床随访证实的MPM患者按照有无转移分为2组,测定每例患者原发肿瘤病灶的SUVmax,用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价SUVmax对患者转移与否的诊断价值,判断预后.采用SPSS 11.0软件进行t检验.结果 经病理及随访结果证实MPM 12例,良性胸膜病变5例,二者的SUVmax分别为5.78±1.81和2.72±2.51,差异有统计学意义(t=2.8,P<0.05).全身18F-FDG PET/CT显像诊断MPM的灵敏度为100%(12/12),特异性为4/5,准确性为94%(16/17),18F-FDG PET/CT显像有7例MPM伴有骨和(或)淋巴结转移.SUVmaxROC曲线分析表明曲线下面积(AUC)为0.80.结论 全身18F-FDG PET/CT显像对于MPM的诊断有重要价值.原发肿瘤病灶SUVmax越高越易发生转移,预后越差.     

表观扩散系数和MR动态增强对前列腺中央腺体疾病的价值

目的评估表观扩散系数(ADC)及MR动态增强(DCE-MRI)对前列腺中央腺体病变的诊断价值。方法对经病理证实的50例前列腺中央腺体疾病患者进行扩散加权扫描(DWI)和DCE-MRI扫描,其中16例为前列腺癌(PCa),34例为前列腺增生(BPH)。分析基质增生为主型BPH(sBPH)、腺体增生为主型BPH(gBPH)和PCa的ADC值差别特点及信号强度-时间(SI-T)曲线特征。结果 gBPH、sBPH和PCa的平均ADC值分别为(1.33±0.25)×10-3 mm2/s、(1.04±0.22)×10-3 mm2/s、(0.71±0.32)×10-3 mm2/s,两两比较各组间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。SI-T曲线参数:达峰时间(Tmax)从高到低依次为sBPH、gBPH及PCa(P<0.05),强化程度(SI%)从高到低依次为sBPH、PCa及gBPH(P<0.05),强化率(R)从高到低依次为PCa、gBPH及sBPH(P<0.05)。结论 MR动态增强及ADC对前列腺中央腺体的病变有重要的诊断价值。     

热休克蛋白70和90表达水平与结直肠癌肝转移化疗疗效的关系

目的探讨热休克蛋白（HSP）70和HSP90的表达与结直肠癌肝转移化疗疗效的关系。方法分析52例手术切除了原发病灶而未能切除肝转移病灶并进行奥沙利铂、氟尿嘧啶及四氢叶酸钙化疗方案（FOLFOX4方案）化疗的结直肠癌肝转移患者的临床资料,通过cT检查比较化疗前后肝转移病灶数目及大小的变化：采用亲和免疫组织化学方法测定原发肿瘤组织HSP70和HSP90的表达：分析HSP70和HSP90的表达与化疗疗效间的关系。结果HSP70高表达者,部分缓解（PR）率为33．3％,低表达者PR率为64．5％,两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;HSP90高表达者,PR率为50％。低表达者PR率为53．1％,两者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对于HSP70低表达的结直肠癌肝转移患者．FOLFOX4方案化疗的疗效可能优于HSP70高表达者;HSP90的表达与其疗效无关。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断中的价值

Objective Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an uncommon neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells of the pleura. The prognosis is poor with median survival of 4- 12 months. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging in the diagno-sis and to staging of MPM and to determine if the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary tumor correlates with staging and prognosis. Methods Study was conducted retrospectively including 17 pa-tients with clinical suspicion of MPM from 2002 to 2008. Twelve cases of MPM and 5 cases benign pleural pa-thology were proven by histopathology and clinical follow-up. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed 1 h af-ter injection of 7.4 MBq/kg 18F-FDG. Patients with MPM confirmed by histopatholagy were divided into two groups: with and without metastasis. PET/CT findings were analyzed to determine if SUVmax of primary tumor correlates with staging and prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of SUVmax of primary tumor was evaluated to determine if it was a predictor of metastasis and survival time. Results The difference in SUVmax between MPM and benign pleural were statistical significant (5.78±1.81 vs 2.72± 2.51, t = 2. 8, P < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for MPM were 100% (12/12) , 4/5 and 94% (16/17). All 7 cases of bone and lymph node metastases were detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.80. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in the diagnosis and staging of MPM. High SUVmax in the primary tumor correlates well with prognosis and predication of a greater propensity to have nodal and distant metastasis.     

良恶性肺孤立性小结节的PET-CT影像学特点分析研究

目的:探讨肺孤立性小结节的18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)正电子发射计算机扫描与CT扫描融合显像(PET-CT)的影像学特点。方法:对经螺旋CT薄层扫描证实的45例肺部孤立性小结节(结节直径≤3cm)患者进行18F-FDGPET-CT显像,结节直径大小为0.8~3.0cm,经临床病理证实肺恶性病变27例,包括肺腺癌13例,鳞癌8例,肺泡癌2例,小细胞未分化癌2例,其他部位转移癌2例。良性病变18例,其中肺结核球10例,肺炎性假瘤6例,肺错构瘤2例。结果:在所检查的45例胸部病灶中,27例恶性病变,在肺内的分布比较弥散,且多发生在外周。在18例良性病变中,10例结核有6例发生于两肺上叶尖后段或下叶背段,4例发生在两肺上叶前段或下叶基底段,均为结核的好发部位。6例炎性假瘤多发生于两肺上叶前段或下叶基底段,也在其好发部位。结合PET的SUV与CT影像学特点共同分析诊断正确率为93.3%。单独以PET的SUV诊断,诊断正确率为82.2%。单独以CT影像诊断,诊断正确率为71.1%。结论:联合应用PET-CT的SUV指标和常规CT对肺结节的良恶性诊断的准确性优于单独CT或单独PET的SUV指标。     

同期介入治疗复合先天性心脏病60例临床分析

目的 探讨同期介入治疗复合先天性心脏病(CHD)的可行性并评价其疗效.方法 对复合先天性心脏病患者60例同期施行联合介入治疗,其中房间隔缺损(ASD)并肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)18例,室间隔缺损(VSD)并动脉导管未闭(PDA)4例,PDA并PS 18例,ASD并PDA 12例,PS并VSD 2例,ASD并VSD 6例.结果 60例均1次治疗成功.成功率100%,无严重并发症.经1个月～5年随访,患儿心脏缩小,心脏功能改善.结论 在病例选择恰当情况下,对小儿复合先天性心脏病进行同期介入治疗是安全、可行的.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断中的价值

Objective Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an uncommon neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells of the pleura. The prognosis is poor with median survival of 4- 12 months. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging in the diagno-sis and to staging of MPM and to determine if the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary tumor correlates with staging and prognosis. Methods Study was conducted retrospectively including 17 pa-tients with clinical suspicion of MPM from 2002 to 2008. Twelve cases of MPM and 5 cases benign pleural pa-thology were proven by histopathology and clinical follow-up. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed 1 h af-ter injection of 7.4 MBq/kg 18F-FDG. Patients with MPM confirmed by histopatholagy were divided into two groups: with and without metastasis. PET/CT findings were analyzed to determine if SUVmax of primary tumor correlates with staging and prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of SUVmax of primary tumor was evaluated to determine if it was a predictor of metastasis and survival time. Results The difference in SUVmax between MPM and benign pleural were statistical significant (5.78±1.81 vs 2.72± 2.51, t = 2. 8, P < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for MPM were 100% (12/12) , 4/5 and 94% (16/17). All 7 cases of bone and lymph node metastases were detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.80. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in the diagnosis and staging of MPM. High SUVmax in the primary tumor correlates well with prognosis and predication of a greater propensity to have nodal and distant metastasis.