连续视程与三焦点人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的比较

目的：比较Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体与Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体(At Lisa tri 839MP)植入术后患者视觉质量的差异。

方法：选取2019-01/2020-12于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者42例53眼,其中A组22例29眼植入Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体,B组20例24眼植入Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体。观察两组患者术后3mo时远中近视力,绘制离焦曲线,并评估生活质量,记录并发症发生情况。

结果：术后3mo,两组患者视力均明显改善,两组患者裸眼远(5m)、中(80cm)距离视力及最佳矫正远距离视力(5m)无差异(均P>0.05),但B组患者裸眼中(60cm)、近(40cm)距离视力优于A组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo绘制离焦曲线示A组在+1.0～-2.0D段跨度平稳形成平台期; B组在0、-2.5D处形成两个波峰; 0D处两组远视力无显著差异(P>0.05),-2.5、-3.5D处B组近视力显著优于A组(均P<0.01)。两组患者术后脱镜率均在90%以上,均出现不同程度眩光、光晕等光学现象,但生活质量总体满意度较高,A组阅读速度明显高于B组,且夜间视物满意度较高(均P<0.05)。

结论：两种类型人工晶状体植入术后脱镜率均在90%以上,可为患者提供兼顾远、中、近的全程视力,Symfony连续视程人工晶状体植入术后流畅阅读及夜间视物满意度较高; Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体植入术后近距离视力更好,更适合近距离工作者。     

Expression of c-fos in gastric myenteric plexus and spinal cord of rats with cervical spondylosis

AIM: To determine the expression of c-fos in gastric myenteric plexus and spinal cord of rats with cervical spondylosis and its clinical significance. METHODS: A cervical spondylosis model was established in rats by destroying the stability of cervical posterior column, and the cord segments C4-6 and gastric antrum were collected 3, 4 and 5 mo after the operation. Rats with sham operation were used as controls, c-fos neuronal counter-staining was performed with an immunohistochemistry method. Every third sections from C4-6 segments were drawn. The 10 most labeled c-fos-immunoreactive (Fos-IR) neurons were counted, and the average number was used for statistical analysis. The mean of Fos-IR neurons in myenteric plexus was calculated after counting Fos-IR neurons in 25 ganglia from each antral preparation, and expressed as a mean count per myenteric ganglion. RESULTS: There were a few c-fos-positive neurons in the cervical cord and antrum in the control group. There was an increased c-fos expression in model group 3, 4 and 5 mo after operation, whereas there was no significant increase in c-fos expression in the control group at 3, 4 and 5 mo. More importantly, there was a significant difference in c-fos expression between rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 5 mo in the model group (11.20±2.26 vs 27.68±4.36, P<0.05, for the cervical cord; and 11.3±2,3 vs 29.3±4.6, P<0.05, for the gastric antrum). There was no significant difference between rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 4 mo and between rats followed up for 4 mo and those for 5 mo in the model group. CONCLUSION: c-fos expression in gastric myenteric plexus was dramatically associated with that in the spinal cord in rats with cervical spondylosis, suggesting that the gastrointestinal function may be affected by cervical spondylosis. If this hypothesis is confirmed by further studies, functional gastrointestinal diseases such as functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome could be explained by neurogastroenterology.     

新基因HERV-H-X的env区分析及其在结肠癌组织中的表达

背景与目的:我们在结肠癌组织中发现了一个新的基因HERV-H-X.本研究的目的是分析HERV-H-X env区的缺失情况,研究其与其他HERV-H env开放阅读框(open reading frames,ORF)的表达关系以及其在结肠癌与正常组织中的表达差异情况.方法:对HERV-H-X与含完整的env ORF的HERV-H/env62、HERV-H/env60以及HERV-H/env59进行多序列比对,分析HERV-H-Xenv区的缺失情况.对HERV-H-X设计特异的引物,对HERV-H/env62、env60以及env59的env ORF设计共同的引物,分别在8对结肠癌与相应癌旁正常组织中进行RT-PCR,比较它们的表达情况.对HERV-H-X进行实时荧光定量PCR,研究其在17对结肠癌与相应正常组织中的表达水平.结果:HERV-H-X env区缺失的序列正好相应于HERV-H/env62、env60以及env59的env ORF区.RT-PCR结果显示HERV-H-X特异地在结肠的癌组织中表达,而HERV-H env的ORF在结肠的癌组织与正常组织中都有表达.定量PCR结果显示HERV-H-X在结肠癌组织的平均表达水平是相应正常组织的24.9倍,经F检验证实差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:HERV-H-X的表达与结肠癌特异相关,但由于缺失env的ORF,其在结肠癌的高表达与env基因无关.     

中国脑血管病临床管理指南(节选版)——卒中组织化管理

<正>卒中组织化管理涵盖了卒中的院前急救系统、卒中中心的院内急诊快速诊治、卒中单元和卒中门诊的组织化管理、各级卒中中心之间的区域协同网络建设,及涉及前述各个环节的卒中医疗质量评估与持续改进。1院前急救系统的组织化管理1.1院前迅速识别卒中     

胃肠激素和胃黏膜pH值在体外循环心脏手术中的变化

目的:探讨体外循环(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)中血乳酸,胃黏膜pH值,胃肠激素变化.方法:20例心脏直视手术患者,分别在麻醉前、CPB前、CPB 15-min、开放升主动脉后5min、停止CPB 20 min和术后3 h,测定红细胞压积,血乳酸(Lae),计算胃黏膜pH值(pHi).放射免疫法测定降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、胃泌素(GAS)和胃动素(MOT)浓度.结果:GAS和MOT在CPB15 min浓度均显著高于CPB前(89.72±21.59 vs 57.20±13.26.271.35±45.61 vs 196.93±42.56,均P＜0.05),相反,CGRP在CPB中浓度与CPB前相比明显降低(63.17±20.26 vs 115_37±29.04,P＜0.05).尽管体外循环期间血Lac浓度高于CPB前,pHi低于CPB前,但与体外循环前相比差异无显著性.结论:CPB过程中随时间延长,血清中MOT和Gas显著增高,CGRP显著降低,pHi下降是CPB术后发生胃肠道并发症的潜在的危险因素.     

Circumspinal decompression through a single posterior incision to treat thoracolumbar disc herniation

Background  Various surgical approaches have been successfully used in the treatment of thoracolumbar disc herniation (TLDH). Although the anterior transthoracic approach has a reputation for better visualization than the posterolateral and lateral approaches, it involves the manipulation of the thoracic and pulmonary structures. Thus, this approach is technically demanding and prone to compromising the respiratory system. An ideal approach would involve adequate visualization and be accomplished through the posterior midline approach that is familiar to spine surgeons. The objective of this retrospective preliminary clinical study was to introduce a new surgical procedure, circumspinal decompression through a single posterior incision, for the treatment of TLDH (T10/11–L1/2) and to evaluate the surgical outcome of this procedure by comparing it to the conventional anterior transthoracic approach.

Methods  In this study, 15 patients (10 males, 5 females; mean age 51 years) with symptomatic TLDH underwent the circumspinal decompression through a single posterior incision procedure between January 2008 and December 2009. Altogether, 17 herniated discs were excised, with 2 discs at T10/11, 4 discs at T11/12, 5 discs at T12/L1 and 6 discs at L1/2. Of these patients, 13 were followed up with a mean follow-up period of 23.5 months. Clinical outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, perioperative complications, postoperative time of hospitalization, neurologic status improvement, back pain and correction of local kyphosis, were investigated by comparing these data with the results from patients who underwent the anterior transthoracic approach for TLDH during the same period. The patients’ neurologic status was evaluated by a modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system of 11 points. Neurologic status improvement after the surgery was assessed by calculating the recovery rate, which was equal to the (postoperative JOA score–preoperative JOA score)/(11–preoperative JOA score)×100%. The rates of patients who improved at the final follow-up were also assessed.

Results  The mean operative time was 183 minutes, the mean blood loss was 1067 ml, and the mean postoperative hospitalization time was 8.4 days. Three patients suffered perioperative complications, but none of these complications involved the respiratory system. Local kyphotic angles at the fusion levels were reduced. Of the 13 patients that were followed up, 12 improved at the final follow-up, with a mean recovery rate of 52.8%. Patients who underwent the circumspinal decompression procedure showed a higher percentage of improvement at the final follow-up, a higher degree of local kyphosis correction and a lower percentage of complications (especially respiratory complications) compared to patients who underwent the anterior transthoracic decompression procedure.

Conclusions  The circumspinal decompression through a single posterior incision procedure is an effective and safe technique that is comparable to anterior tranthoracic approach for the surgical treatment of TLDH patients. It could be an attractive choice in certain circumstances.

     

中枢神经细胞瘤影像学特点及病理分析(附10例报告)

目的提高对中枢神经细胞瘤(CNC)的影像、病理及免疫组化特征的认识。方法回顾性分析10例CNC的影像学特点,采用HE染色及Envision免疫组织化学染色观察其病理组织学特点和免疫表型特征。结果肿瘤与透明隔关系密切,钙化、囊变常见,MRI表现为蜂窝样混杂信号,斑片状、条状增强。组织学形态类似少突胶质细胞。免疫组化10例Syn(+),8例NSE(+),7例GFAP(+)。结论 CNC主要发生在脑室前部或靠近室间孔区附近,其影像学有一定的特点,当此区发生肿瘤时要考虑CNC可能,需行免疫组化检查。肿瘤具有双向分化特征,免疫组化标记Syn、NSE阳性对诊断CNC起重要作用。     

Development of a magnetite-gene complex for gene transfection

The key to successful gene therapy is to find a suitable method and carrier for transfection to allow a gene to be transferred into a cell and integrated into the target gene. The aim of this study was to determine whether biomagnetic material could be combined with the nucleic acid for gene transfection. Dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (DCIONPs) were prepared and mixed with the plasmid pGenesil-1 containing the test gene, which expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). PGenesil-1 empty vector was used as a control. The binding ability was assessed by electrophoresis of the DNA on agarose gels and quantification using BANDSCAN software. Using different gene carriers, Lipofectamine 2000, Sofast, and DCIONPs, the large intestine cancer (Lovo) cell line was transfected in vitro with or without a magnetic field. The expression of eGFP was observed by fluorescence microscopy, and the transfection efficiency was compared. The results showed there was a rapid increase in combining rate when the quality ratio of DCIONPs and pGenesil-1 ascended from 1∶1 to 5∶1. However, the combining rate increased less rapidly as the quality ratio continued ascending. The expression of eGFP showed that the early transfection rate could be improved by applying a magnetic field. In conclusion, the DCIONPs we synthesized are able to carry plasmid DNA and enhance the early transfection efficiency when using a magnetic field.