特发性肺纤维化急性加重期证候与血清生物标志物的相关性研究＊

目的 通过分析特发性肺纤维化急性加重期（AE-IPF）患者证候与血清生物标志物的关系，为中医辨证治疗提供参考。方法 采用观察性研究设计，收集2019年3月至2019年11月三个中心的AE-IPF患者76例，其中痰热壅肺证26例、痰浊阻肺证50例，并纳入健康志愿者10例作为对照。采用ELISA测定患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平，分析与中医证候的相关性。结果 AE-IPF患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平均显著高于健康对照组。血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7和SP-D水平在痰热壅肺证和痰浊阻肺证患者间无显著性差异（P＞0.05），而血清SP-A水平存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论 血清SP-A与AE-IPF证候存在一定的相关性，血清SP-A的浓度升高，与痰热壅肺证关系越密切，反之，血清SP-A浓度降低，则与痰浊阻肺证关系越密切。AE-IPF痰热壅肺证患者的预后可能较痰浊阻肺证患者更差。     

青岛市某高校学生精神药物使用情况调查

本文采用个人自填问卷方式，对青岛市某高校三年级和五年级学生使用包括酒类、香烟在内的精神药物的情况进行调查。结果表明大学生对酒、香烟等精神药物的使用较为普遍。其中烟、酒的使用率随着年级的增长而提高，五年级学生饮酒、抽烟率明显高于三年级学生（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示大学生中酒、香烟等精神药物的使用问题是值得注意的。     

Expression of CD68 CD45RO CD20 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in nasal polyps]

OBJECTIVE: To study the cellular expression of CD45RO, CD20, CD68 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in nasal polyps. METHODS: Nasal polyp tissues from 50 patients were evaluated for cellular expression of CD45RO, CD20, CD68 and PCNA using immunohistochemistry SP by counting the average number in 5 chosen high-power fields, Histopathological observations were combined with HE. Analyses were performed on SPSS10.0. RESULTS: CD68+ cells were expressed more in nasal polyps dominated by eosinophils than by neutrophils(P < 0.05). There was no difference between CD45RO and CD20, but both of them had negative correlation(P = 0.05). Significant correlation was found between CD68+ cells and eosinophils or PCNA positive cells on epithelium. PCNA positive cells on epithelium had significant correlation on fibroblast (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cell infiltration (eosinophilia CD45RO, CD20, CD68) and cell proliferating in epithelium cells, glandular cell and fibroblast are strongly correlated with formation of nasal polyps. The nasal polyps are not only characteristic of eosinophilia but also by lymphocytes dominated by CD45RO and CD68 positive cells. CD68 may be stem cell of nasal polyp.     

新的高强度高选择性阿片μ受体激动剂[11C]-羟甲芬太尼的合成

羟甲芬太尼(I)是一个新的高强度高选择性阿片μ受体激动剂。本文用cis-A-N-[1-(2-羟基-2-苯乙基)-3-甲基-4-哌啶基]-苯胺(II)或cis-N-[1-(苯甲酰甲基)-3-甲基-4-哌啶基]-苯胺(III)作为前体合成了[¹¹C]-羟甲芬太尼,以便用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)来观察μ受体。通过水解cis-A-羟甲芬太尼(I)和cis-N-[1-(苯甲酰甲基)-3-甲基-4-哌啶]-N-苯基丙酰胺(cis-IV)的4-N-丙酰基分别获得II和III。溴乙烷的格氏试剂与回旋加速器产生的[¹¹C]-二氧化碳反应后继而直接加入邻苯二甲酸二酰氯和2,6-二叔丁基吡啶生成同位素标记中间体[¹¹C]-丙酰氯。[¹¹C]-丙酰氯与OH-前体(II)反应后再经HPLC分离纯化直接得[¹¹C]-羟甲芬太尼;[¹¹C]-丙酰氯与酮-前体(III)反应后,再用硼氢化钠甲醇溶液处理,然后进行HPLC分离纯化得[¹¹C]-羟甲芬太尼。两种方法均可获得ll.1～14.8GBq/μmol的特异性放射化学纯[¹¹C]-羟甲芬太尼。总共耗时为40～50min(EOB)。     

高原地区人胎儿脊柱的生长发育

本文用X线摄片的方法,对西宁地区胎龄为17—36周的60例胎儿脊柱的骨化及生长动态进行了研究。结果:1、提供了高原地区人胎儿脊柱长轴生长发育的资料。脊柱各段以胸段为最长,其次为腰、颈、骶段。2、计算出胎龄与脊柱各段长度间的回归方程,据此可以胎龄推算脊柱的长度,反之亦可以脊柱的长度估计胎龄。3、报道了颈、骶、尾段亿发骨化点出现顺序的规律。     

Changes in height of choroidal melanomas after plaque therapy.

Serial ultrasonic measurements of 82 uveal melanomas treated with brachytherapy plaques (cobalt-60 and iodine-125) and followed up for up to 141 months revealed that no two patients had identical patterns of change. The mean absolute change in tumour height after treatment was 1.8 mm at six months, 5.6 mm at 48 months for large tumours, and 0.9 and 1.9 mm for medium sized tumours. Eighty of the 82 patients fell into one of three patterns of response: 57 patients had a decrease in height after treatment (type D), 13 patients had the same height after treatment (type S), and 10 patients had a progressive increase in height (type I). Life table comparison showed no correlation between survival and location of tumour, sex of patient, size of tumour when treated, or laterality. There was a slight correlation between age and survival. Patients older than 60 died more frequently from metastatic melanoma than those under 60 (p = 0.06). Life table analysis showed a significant correlation between tumour regression type and survival. At 48 months the best cumulative probability of survival was in patients with type D (88% alive) compared with those of type I (34% alive, p = 0.0004).     

去甲肾上腺素缩血管作用对犬冠状血管舒张的限制

在10只麻醉开胸犬的左前降支冠状动脉(LAD)恒流灌注,持续监测灌注压,并于冠脉内注入2.5mg心得宁以阻断心脏的β_1-肾上腺素能受体,观察去甲肾上腺素(NE,α-肾上腺素能刺激)对LAD内给予腺苷所致冠状血管舒张的限制作用。随着LAD内注入的腺苷量增加,冠状动脉阻力(R)咸剂量依赖性降低,分别为对照值的8.7％(2μg/min),20.6％(10μg/min)和28％(50μg/min)。而于LAD内再给予相同齐0量(6μg)的NE,则使不同剂量扩张的冠脉收缩,R成阶梯状增加,分别为对照值的17.4％(腺苷2μg/ml),23.2％(腺苷10μg/min)和34.1％(腺苷50μg/min),表现为隙苷引起的冠状血管扩张愈大,NE能刺激引起的缩血管作用愈强。这表明α-肾上腺素能缩血管作用可限制腺苷引起的冠状血管舒张,因而有助于保持冠状血管张力及其储备力。     

玻璃体切除术联合睫状体平部切口摘除球内异物

报道玻璃体切除术联合睫状体平部切口摘除球内异物的联合手术，治疗眼球后段异物８例８眼。其中，３眼为非磁性异物，５眼为磁性异物，均一次手术成功取出异物。介绍了此联合手术的方法，并对其意义、适应证以及手术前的准备进行了较为详细的讨论，对其并发症的处理和预防也作了叙述。     

降钙素基因相关肽对犬冠脉流量及冠状动脉的作用

本研究通过整体及离体灌流实验观察到重庆冠脉狭窄时，犬冠脉流量（ＣＢＦ），平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）明显减小，而心率（ＨＲ）则增加。狭窄３０ｍｉｎ后由冠状动脉注射降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）０．３μｇ／ｋｇ后，ＣＢＦ、ＭＡＰ和ＨＲ可恢复正常水平。同时，缺血犬的离体冠状动脉对ＣＧＲＰ的反应也出现改变。大冠脉舒张反应明显降低，而小冠脉的舒张反应与正常相比，无明显改变，这可能与缺血后大冠脉的内皮细胞容易损伤有关。同时也提示:急性心肌缺血时，冠脉流量的减少，主要由于小冠状动脉收缩所致。