浅析市场经济体制下的医院管理模式

阐述了在市场经济体制下医院管理面临的新情况,提出了新的医院管理模式应以分级管理为基础, “业务部制”式管理为重点,科室成本核算为核心,注重形象管理,服从政府宏观调控,确保医院的生存和发展。     

原发性肝癌DNA含量与核形态学参数关系的分析及其临床意义

本研究图像分析技术（ＩＡＴ）对５５例原发性肝癌（ＰＨＣ）病人的ＤＮＡ含量及核形态学参数进行检测，结果显示：无１例ＰＨＣ的ＤＮＡ干系水平睡于ＤＮＡ含量二倍体区域，３例处于近二倍体（５．４５％），５２例处于异倍体（９４．５５％）。ＤＮＡ含量与有无淋巴结转移（Ｐ〈０．０５）、瘤体大小（Ｐ〈０．０１）、生存率（Ｐ〈０．００１）有相关性。核形态学参数与ＰＨＣ的ＤＮＡ含量及ＰＨＣ有无淋巴结转移亦有统计学意义。     

Blunt abdominal trauma causing a 'degloving injury' to the colon

A case of an unusual degloving injury of the descending colon resulting from a crushing injury to the mid-torso is reported. The diagnosis was made at laparotomy for associated injuries. The colon was stripped of its muscle layers and mesentery for 10 cm without perforation.     

跳伞对空降兵脂质过氧化系统影响的初步研究

为探讨跳伞对空降兵脂质过氧化水平的影响和可能的生物学意义，测定了跳伞与否空降兵血浆中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的活性和丙二醛浓度，并与正常人群的值作了比较分析。结果显示，与正常人群相比，未跳伞空降兵血浆中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的活性和丙二醛浓度增高，但无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；与未跳僮空军兵相比，跳伞后空降兵血浆三种酶活性略为增高，但无显     

An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus

A new SARS animal model was established by inoculating SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) into rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) through the nasal cavity. Pathological pulmonary changes were successively detected on days 5-60 after virus inoculation. All eight animals showed a transient fever 2-3 days after inoculation. Immunological, molecular biological, and pathological studies support the establishment of this SARS animal model. Firstly, SARS-CoV-specific IgGs were detected in the sera of macaques from 11 to 60 days after inoculation. Secondly, SARS-CoV RNA could be detected in pharyngeal swab samples using nested RT-PCR in all infected animals from 5 days after virus inoculation. Finally, histopathological changes of interstitial pneumonia were found in the lungs during the 60 days after viral inoculation: these changes were less marked at later time points, indicating that an active healing process together with resolution of an acute inflammatory response was taking place in these animals. This animal model should provide insight into the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-related pulmonary disease and greatly facilitate the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS.     

A simple and practical technic for detecting cancer cells in urine and urinary bladder washings by flow cytometry

DNA measurement by flow cytometry has been demonstrated to be a potentially useful technic in the diagnosis of bladder cancer by detecting neoplastic cells in bladder washings and urine specimens. The authors' goal was to develop a simple and practical method utilizing the new generation of cytofluorographs designed for use in the clinical laboratory. This method combined direct fixation with cell lysis yielding fixed intact nuclei. Following RNase and pepsin digestion, the nuclei were separated from debris and aggregates on a sucrose barrier, stained with ethidium bromide, and analyzed with an argon laser analytic cytofluorograph. Urines and bladder washings from 14 patients with positive urinary cytology and histologically diagnosed bladder cancers were compared with specimens from patients without urothelial malignancies. DNA histograms clearly delineated aneuploid from diploid populations and often identified S, G2M, and G1 phase nuclei. Aneuploid populations have been detected in all tumor specimens with positive cytologies studied to date.     

Energy Balance,Eating Disorder Risk,and Pathogenic Behaviors Among Athletic Trainers

ContextResearch exists on energy balances (EBs) and eating disorder (ED) risks in physically active populations and occupations by settings, but the EB and ED risk in athletic trainers (ATs) have not been investigated.ObjectiveTo assess ATs'' energy needs, including the macronutrient profile, and examine ED risk and pathogenic behavioral differences between sexes (men, women) and job statuses (part time or full time) and among settings (college or university, high school, nontraditional).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFree living in job settings.Patients or Other ParticipantsAthletic trainers (n = 46; male part-time graduate assistant ATs = 12, male full-time ATs = 11, female part-time graduate assistant ATs = 11, female full-time ATs = 12) in the southeastern United States.Main Outcome Measure(s)Anthropometric measures (sex, age, height, weight, body composition), demographic characteristics (job status [full- or part-time AT], job setting [college/university, high school, nontraditional], years of AT experience, exercise background, alcohol use), resting metabolic rate, energy intake (EI), total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), EB, exercise energy expenditure, macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fats), the Eating Disorder Inventory-3, and the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 Symptom Checklist.ResultsThe majority of participants (84.8%, n = 39) had an ED risk, with 26.1% (n = 12) engaging in at least 1 pathogenic behavior, 50% (n = 23) in 2 pathogenic behaviors, and 10.8% (n = 5) in >2 pathogenic behaviors. Also, 82.6% of ATs (n = 38) presented in negative EB (EI < TDEE). Differences were found in resting metabolic rate for sex and job status (F_1,45 = 16.48, P = .001), EI (F_1,45 = 12.01, P = .001), TDEE (F_1,45 = 40.36, P < .001), and exercise energy expenditure (F_1,38 = 5.353, P = .026). No differences were present in EB for sex and job status (F_1,45 = 1.751, P = .193); χ² analysis revealed no significant relationship between ATs'' sex and EB (= 0.0, P = 1.00) and job status and EB ( = 2.42, P = .120). No significant relationship existed between Daily Reference Intakes recommendations for all macronutrients and sex or job status.ConclusionsThese athletic trainers experienced negative EB, similar to other professionals in high-demand occupations. Regardless of sex or job status, ATs had a high ED risk and participated in unhealthy pathogenic behaviors. The physical and mental concerns associated with these findings indicate a need for interventions targeted at ATs'' health behaviors.     

Effect of ultrasound exposure on sonicated microbubbles stability

The study of intlavenous myocedal coneest echocedo~ (IVMCE) is a hot topic in the Pursuit ofcoronap healt disease, and much achievement has beenmade in ash ultheound etwpment development and cont. .[if ~t agent improvement. Most colltrsst opllts such asMiunex, Ophson etc. are pIDduced by sonication, andcan be used as echogenic bacers of blood flow in WMCE.SOme studies have suggested, however, that the ndcrobubbles exposed to ultrasound are Open to mpture[']. Ihan effort to detendne the o…     

5%声振人血白蛋白空气微球蛋白含量测定

采用高效液相凝胶色谱法（ＧＣ－ＨＰＬＣ）、醋酸纤维膜电泳和半微量定氮法测定５０％声振人血白蛋白空气微球制剂中球壁蛋白的含量。ＧＣ－ＨＰＬＣ确证了球壁蛋白主要成分为人血白蛋白;醋酸纤维膜电泳测定空气人血白蛋白微球制剂中人血白蛋白纯度＞９０％;半微量定氮法测出球壁蛋白含量平均值为３．５６％左右,９９％正常值范围为２．５２％－４．６０％。     

超声照射对声振微泡稳定性的影响

目的与方法造影剂微泡浓度、大小是影响心肌声学显影最重要因素。本研究采用２×２×４析因分析法分析不同超声照射条件对造影剂微泡浓度及直径的影响,即声波频率、能量以及照射时间对微泡浓度、大小的单独及交互作用。为临床行静脉心肌声学造影检查时选择适宜的超声照射条件提供参考。结果能量越大、照射时间越长,微泡破坏越多,平均直径越小：照射频率对微泡浓度影响不大,但影响微泡大小,频率越高,微泡越小。结论为减少超声照射对微泡的破坏,提高心肌声学造影效果,应尽可能选用低能量、低频率超声波,并减少不必要的照射时间。