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排序方式: 共有1044条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
K Hatakeyama M Aihara A Shimizu N Uchida T Inukai 《No to hattatsu. Brain and development》1991,23(1):76-80
Higher cerebral dysfunctions such as aphasia, apraxia and agnosia have seldom been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). 12 year-old right-handed boy felt unsteadiness of the body and headache for several days. Two months later, he had the same episode and complained of visual disturbance, and weakness and sensory disturbance on the face and the extremities. Additionally, he showed amnestic aphasia, acalculia, ideomotor apraxia, finger agnosia and right-left disorientation. Cerebrospinal fluid examinations revealed increases IgG, myelin basic protein and neuron specific enolase (11%, 25 ng/ml and 28.8 ng/ml, respectively). X-ray CT scan and MRI-CT examinations revealed sclerotic lesions on the left parietal white matter and the right mid-brain. The diagnosis was made as MS. He was treated with m-PSL (methyl-prednisolone) pulse therapy for three weeks and consecutively treated with PSL for four weeks. He recovered gradually, but visual disturbance and facial palsy remained. After seven months MRI-CT showed a high signal intensity on the left parietal white matter in spite of the disappearance of the lesion on X-ray CT scan. We suggest that these higher cerebral dysfunctions may result from the lesion of the left parietal white matter which produces a disconnection between each cortical area. 相似文献
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We report a 82-year-old woman who developed difficulty in standing and sitting in the morning. She had no other complaints and stayed in the bed. The next day, she was admitted to the hospital and neurological examination revealed that she was alert, with no other motor or sensory abnormalities. Finger to nose test, and knee to heel test were normal. No dysdiadochokinesia was seen. Astasia was the only observed abnormal finding. MRI showed a small infarction (14 x 8mm) in the posterolateral portion of the left thalamus (VPL-LP nucleus). During the following 15 days, her imbalance has gradually improved and then disappeared. We diagnosed the patient as astasia occurring from a small unilateral infarction in the thalamus. It is thought that thalamic astasia is caused by the disruption of afferent pathway from the vestibulocerebellum; however, this case is based on just clinical and MRI study, so physiological and pathological studies will be necessary in the future. 相似文献
4.
Takeda Atsushi Kikuchi Akio Matsuzaki-Kobayashi Michiko Sugeno Naoto Itoyama Yasuto 《Journal of neurology》2007,254(4):IV2-IV7
Journal of Neurology - Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been described for more than thirty years and known as one of the commonest non-motor symptoms in PD. Recently, it... 相似文献
5.
Benazepril (CGS 14824A HCl) is a new prodrug type angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The active form is considered to be benazeprilat, a diacid hydrolyzed compound. Benazepril and benazeprilat inhibited the contraction induced by exposure with angiotensin I, not angiotensin II, in the isolated rabbit aorta. The ACE inhibiting activity of benazeprilat was 1000 times more potent than that of benazepril in this experiment. Benazepril as well as benazeprilat and captopril exerted little influence on norepinephrine, serotonin and high K(+)-induced contraction or bradykinin-induced relaxation in isolated blood vessel preparations, thus angiotensin II synthesis inhibition seemed to be the main cause for its vasodilation. Benazepril, unlike benazeprilat or captopril showed considerable influence on prostaglandin (PG)-induced responses at higher concentrations. The vasocontraction induced by PGF2 alpha was competitively antagonized at 10(-5)-10(-4) mol/l, while vascular responses induced by PGE1, PGE2 or PGI2 was inhibited at 3 x 10(-4) mol/l of benazepril. Although these influences on PGs might not contribute much to its vasodilatory mechanism, the action seemed interesting in relation to cough induction, a known side effect of ACE inhibitors in the market. Benazepril has two asymmetric carbon atoms, thus four optical isomers are possible, SS (benazepril), SR (CGP 14'829A), RS (CGP 42'454A), RR (CGP 42'456A). The SS configuration was the most potent for antagonizing angiotensin I-induced vasocontraction, which seemed to be the best fitted for the ACE molecule. 相似文献
6.
Preconditioning of the brain with sublethal ischemia induces tolerance to subsequent lethal periods of ischemia (ischemic tolerance). In this study, we used NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry to investigate the postischemic changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the hippocampus in a rat model of cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance. Forebrain ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion for 3 min as an ischemic preconditioning. Three days after the preconditioning or sham operation, second ischemia was induced for 6 min. A transient increase in NADPH-diaphorase activity, beginning after 2 h and maximal after 1 day, was observed in CA1 pyramidal neurons of rats subjected to 3 min of preconditioning ischemia as well as 6 min of subsequent ischemia both with and without preconditioning. In addition, expression of NADPH-diaphorase activity was seen in reactive glial cells in the damaged CA1 region of animals subjected to 6 min of ischemia without preconditioning. Thus, direct involvement of increased NADPH-diaphorase activity in ischemic tolerance was not suggested because the increased NADPH-diaphorase activity preceded the induction of ischemic tolerance which takes place 1–7 days after preconditioning. However, the present findings suggest that the induction of neuronal NADPH-diaphorase activity occurs in response to cerebral ischemia. 相似文献
7.
8.
Terue Okamura Toshiko Kobashi Joji Kawabe Hironobu Ochi Yasuto Onoyama Seiji Yamagami 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》1994,12(Z1):S111-S116
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) accompanied by long-term hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure includes several forms
of disorders of mineral and skeletal metabolism such as osteitis fibrosa attributed to secondary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalasia
and adynamic bone disease. Bone scan is performed to detect of the mainly pathophysiology of ROD. We investigated bone scan
of 25 hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism diagnosed clinically before and after parathyroidectomy (PTX).
Before PTX an diffusely high accumulation of bone seeking agent in the whole skeleton especially skull in all patients (100%),
vertebra in 24 out of 25 (96%), patella in 24/25 (96%), limbs in 23/25 (92%), sternum in 19/25 (76%), sacrum in 18/25 (72%)
and costochondral junctions in 14/25 (56%) was noted in these patients. The radionuclide activity of the calvaria, maxilla
and mandible in the skull was prominently high. Fourteen patients had an equally high activity in the calvaria, maxilla and
mandible, 6 patients had higher activity in the maxilla and mandible than that of calvaria and 5 patients had higher in the
calvaria than that of maxilla and mandible. After PTX the changes in the skull were obvious in 19 patients who showed a more
markedly decreased in activity of the maxilla and mandible than that of the calvaria. In 3 patients showed a more markedly
decreased in activity of the calvaria than that of the maxilla and mandible. Another 3 demonstrated equally decreased in activity
in the calvaria, maxilla and mandible. It became clear that the highest activity of the skull was shown in all patients and
the therapeutic changes of the skull are the most pronounced in maxilla and mandible in this study. 相似文献
9.
Drs Hideo Tanaka Drs Tomohiko Hiyama Drs Hideaki Tsukuma Drs Yasuto Okubo Drs Hajime Yamano Drs Akira Kitada Drs Isaburo Fujimoto 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》1994,5(5):409-413
To clarify the demographic characteristics of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Osaka, Japan, where hepatocellular carcinoma is common, we investigated the screening data of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV, DAINABOTHCVPHA, second generation assay) in 197,600 voluntary blood donors residing in Osaka. The study found that age-standardized prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher than that of HBsAg (2.25cf 0.86 percent among males,P<0.001; 2.17cf 0.55 percent among females,P<0.001. It was much higher in the blood donors aged 55–64 years than in those aged 16–54 years (8.49cf 1.32 percent among males,P<10–5; 7.26cf 1.42 percent among females,P<10–5). The prevalence of anti-HCV among males was significantly higher than that of females in the younger (25–34 years) generations (1.02 to 1.49 percentcf 0.71 to 1.13 percent,P<0.05). A similar tendency was observed in the prevalence of high-titer (212) anti-HCV. The number of coinfection (both HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositive) was very small, and it was not statistically different from the expected number. 相似文献
10.
Dysadherin overexpression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reflects tumor aggressiveness: relationship to e-cadherin expression. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Takeshi Shimamura Michiie Sakamoto Yoshinori Ino Yasuto Sato Kazuaki Shimada Tomoo Kosuge Hisahiko Sekihara Setsuo Hirohashi 《Journal of clinical oncology》2003,21(4):659-667
PURPOSE: The E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion system is frequently inactivated by multiple mechanisms and is involved in tumor progression in many types of cancer. Recently, we reported the cloning and characterization of dysadherin and showed that it downregulated E-cadherin and promoted metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of dysadherin expression and the relationship between dysadherin expression and E-cadherin expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined dysadherin and E-cadherin expression in 125 surgically resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Dysadherin was expressed at the cell membrane of cancer cells, but not in nontumor duct and acinar cells. Its expression was stronger in infiltrative and poorly differentiated nests compared with well-differentiated nests. Although the correlation between the expression of dysadherin and E-cadherin was not significant, a group of patients showed reduced E-cadherin expression with dysadherin overexpression. Increased dysadherin expression was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (P =.047), high tumor grade (P =.006), positive tumor margins (P =.024), and infiltrative type of growth pattern (P =.014). A survival advantage was observed in patients with 0% to 20% dysadherin-positive cells compared with patients with 51% to 100% dysadherin-positive cells, independent of tumor-node-metastasis classification, and World Health Organization tumor grade (P =.019). A combination of increased dysadherin expression and reduced E-cadherin expression (< 90%) further worsened the prognosis. CONCLUSION: In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, dysadherin expression seems to reflect tumor aggressiveness and to be a positive marker of poor prognosis when considered both alone and in combination with downregulation of E-cadherin. 相似文献