Feasibility of treating hyperfibrinogenemia with intermittently administered batroxobin in patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack for secondary prevention.

This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of batroxobin in treating hyperfibrinogenemia for secondary stroke prevention. Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were measured for plasma fibrinogen levels. Selected participants had concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia (plasma fibrinogen > or = 3.0 g/l). Patients enrolled between 1 July 2003 and 31 December 2004 were treated with batroxobin; patients enrolled between 1 January 2002 and 30 June 2003 were treated without batroxobin. Batroxobin was administered intermittently via intravenous injection at 3-monthly intervals. Patients in both groups were followed for 1 year. Any cerebrovascular events and suspected adverse events were recorded. In total, 112 ischemic stroke/TIA patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia were enrolled, 52 being treated with batroxobin and 60 without batroxobin. Six patients (11.5%) with batroxobin and 16 patients (26.7%) without batroxobin had recurrent cerebral ischemic events during follow-up. Stroke/TIA recurrence in patients without batroxobin was higher than that in patients with batroxobin (P < 0.05). Two patients with batroxobin and two patients without batroxobin developed hemorrhagic stroke during follow-up. There were five deaths (9.6%) in the batroxobin group, and seven deaths (11.7%) in the nonbatroxobin group during follow-up (P > 0.05). Intermittent intravenous injection of batroxobin can efficiently reduce the risk for stroke/TIA recurrence in patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia.     

班级管理模式初探

分析各种类型班级管理模式的特点，严管死守型强调他律作用，自我管理型认可学生的自律作用。而综合管理型则是理想的管理模式。     

Combination of C‐reactive protein,procalcitonin, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis

BackgroundAlthough early diagnosis and management are critical for prognosis of pediatric sepsis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction, important stages of sepsis.MethodsWe enrolled 129 children with infection into three groups: non‐sepsis infection (33), Sepsis 1.0 (hyperinflammatory state, 67), and Sepsis 3.0 (organ dysfunction, 29). Another 32 children with no infections were included as controls. Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ were assessed to diagnose the two stages, and their diagnostic capacities were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We also examined whether combining biomarkers improved diagnostic efficiency.ResultsSignificantly higher CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 levels were detected in the Sepsis 1.0 than the non‐sepsis infection group (p < 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for diagnosing Sepsis 1.0 were 0.974 (CRP), 0.913 (PCT) and 0.919 (IL‐6). A combination of any two biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to ≥92.54% and specificity to 100.00%. Significantly higher PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10 levels were found in the Sepsis 3.0 than the Sepsis 1.0 group (p ≤ 0.01), with AUCs for diagnosing Sepsis 3.0 0.807 (PCT), 0.711 (IL‐8), and 0.860 (IL‐10). Combining these three biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to 96.55% and specificity to 94.03%.ConclusionIn pediatric sepsis, combining any two of CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 can accurately diagnose the hyperinflammatory state and increase diagnostic specificity. Early diagnosis of organ dysfunction requires a combination of PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10.     

Insight into biomass feedstock on formation of biochar-bound environmentally persistent free radicals under different pyrolysis temperatures

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in biochars have the ability of catalytic formation of reactive oxygen species, which may pose potential oxidative stresses to eco-environment and human health. Therefore, comprehending the formation and characteristics of EPFRs in biochars is important for their further applications. In this study, the woody lignocellulosic biomass (wood chips, pine needle and barks), non-woody lignocellulosic biomass (rice husk, corn stover, and duckweed), and non-lignocellulosic biomass (anaerobically digested sludge) were selected as biomass feedstock to prepare biochars under different pyrolysis temperatures (200–700 °C). The impact of biomass feedstock on formation of biochar-bound EPFRs was systematically compared. Elemental compositions and atomic ratios of H/C and O/C varied greatly among different biomass feedstocks and the subsequently resulting biochars. EPFRs in biochars derived from the studied lignocellulosic biomass have similar levels of spin concentrations (10¹⁸–10¹⁹ spins per g) except for lower EPFRs in biochars under 200 and 700 °C; however, sludge-based biochars, a typical non-lignocellulosic-biomass-based biochar, have much lower EPFRs (10¹⁶ spins per g) than lignocellulosic-biomass-based biochars under all the studied pyrolysis temperatures. Values of g factors ranged from 2.0025 to 2.0042 and line width was in the range of 2.15–11.3 for EPFRs in the resulting biochars. Spin concentrations of biochar-bound EPFRs increased with the increasing pyrolysis temperatures from 200 to 500 °C, and then decreased rapidly from 500 to 700 °C and oxygen-centered radicals shifted to carbon-centered radicals with the increasing pyrolysis temperatures from 200 to 700 °C for all the studied biomass feedstock. 300–500 °C was the appropriate pyrolysis temperature range for higher levels of spin concentrations of biochar-bound EPFRs. Moreover, EPFRs'' concentrations had significantly positive correlation with C contents and weak or none correlation with contents of transition metals. Overall, different types of biomass feedstock have significant impact on the formation of EPFRs in the resulting biochars.

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in biochars have the ability of catalytic formation of reactive oxygen species, which may pose potential oxidative stresses to eco-environment and human health.     

间充质干细胞治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的基础研究进展

间充质干细胞(MSCs)是一群具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的多能干细胞,已有多项研究证明其对结核分枝杆菌感染的治疗潜力。MSCs可通过抗菌肽与关键酶的分泌、细胞表面受体的表达,直接或间接地介导受宿主细胞由免疫抑制状态向激活状态转化,进而作为细胞治疗的一种手段,在足量抗菌药物覆盖的基础上,辅助杀灭以结核分枝杆菌为主的分枝杆菌感染,并抑制过度的炎症反应,减少不必要的组织损伤。本文就间充质干细胞治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的基础及临床前研究进展作一概述。     

10例原发性气管肿瘤的外科诊断及手术治疗

目的总结外科手术治疗原发性气管肿瘤的临床经验。方法回顾分析本院1993年10月～2010年1月收治的10例气管肿瘤的诊断和治疗经验。结果本组鳞癌3例,腺癌3例,腺鳞癌1例,良性肿瘤3例;临床治愈9例,术后3d死亡1例。本组3例鳞癌患者分别于手术后3年和8个月复发死亡;3例腺癌,1例术后1年出现肺转移,另2例存活10个月。结论手术切除是治疗气管肿瘤最有效的方法：（1）纤维支气管镜检查与多排CT增强三维成像对确定气管肿瘤范围有互补作用;（2）充分的术前呼吸道准备,是术中安全、术后顺利康复的保障;（3）手术者和麻醉医师密切配合,选择视野较宽的纤维支气管镜引导气管插管是麻醉安全的重要保障。     

ⅠA期肺腺癌胸腔镜肺叶切除与肺段切除预后分析

目的：对比胸腔镜肺叶切除与肺段切除在病理ⅠA期（T1aN0M0）肺腺癌中的肿瘤学疗效,同时寻找影响此类患者预后的独立危险因素。方法：回顾性分析自2012年12月—2014年1月连续就诊于南京医科大学第一附属医院的159例ⅠA期肺腺癌患者的临床、病理资料及生存状况。采用Kaplan-Meier法比较两种术式患者的短期疗效,Cox回归分析寻找影响预后的独立危险因素。结果：胸腔镜肺叶切除术3年总体生存率及无进展生存率为88%和85%,肺段切除为97%和96%（P＜0.05）。Cox回归分析结果显示,肿瘤大小、病理亚型均是肿瘤复发（RR=18.219,95％CI：2.484～133.652,P=0．004;RR=2.107,95％CI：1.403～3.163,P<0.001)和患者死亡（RR=12.765,95％CI：1.332～122.37,P=0．027;RR=2.223,95％CI：1.376～3.499,P=0．001)的独立危险因素。贴壁型、腺泡型、乳头型、微乳头及实性型肺腺癌患者3年总体生存率和3年无进展生存率分别为98%和97%、88%和88%、78%和78%、75%和58%（P<0．05）。结论：肿瘤大小及病理亚型对ⅠA期肺腺癌患者的预后有显著影响,在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下接受肺段切除手术的ⅠA期肺腺癌患者预后不亚于接受肺叶切除术者。     

Increased expression of carbonic anhydrase I in the synovium of patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Background  

One of the most distinctive features of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is new bone formation and bone resorption at sites of chronic inflammation. Previous studies have indicated that the hyperplasia and inflammation of synovial tissues are significantly related to the pathogenic process of AS. The present study used a proteomic approach to identify novel AS-specific proteins by simultaneously comparing the expression profiles of synovial membranes from patients with AS, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).     

阻断子宫动脉的腹腔镜筋膜内子宫切除术60例报告

目的探讨阻断子宫动脉的腹腔镜筋膜内子宫切除术(c lassic intrafasc ial supracervical hysterectomy,C ISH)的临床应用价值。方法子宫良性疾病60例在腹腔镜下分离出子宫动脉后钛夹夹闭,阻断子宫动脉后行筋膜内子宫切除术。结果手术均获成功,无中转开腹,无手术并发症。手术时间72~186 m in,(91.4±26.3)m in;术中出血量50~150 m l,(76.5±20.6)m l;术后肠功能恢复时间18~30 h;(22.7±5.8)h;24 h引流液50~160 m l,(80.5±31.8)m l。术后2例体温38.5℃,术后病率3.3%(2/60)。术后住院4~7 d。60例随访6~18个月,(10.6±4.2)月,3例在1~3个月阴道点滴出血,经抗感染、止血等治疗5~7 d治愈。结论阻断子宫动脉的腹腔镜筋膜内子宫切除术是C ISH的技术改进,并发症少,安全,效果好,值得临床推广。     

保留内置物清创联合真空负压封闭引流治疗早发性腰椎融合术后感染

目的回顾分析保留内置物清创联合真空负压封闭引流治疗早发性腰椎融合术后感染的疗效。方法785例腰椎后路融合病例中术后早发性深部伤口感染6例,均为术后30d内出现发热、疼痛加重等症状,并伴有炎性指标升高,均采用保留内置物,彻底清创后持续冲洗负压引流,抗炎治疗。结果清创术后腰痛即明显缓解,体温下降,2周左右伤口渗液停止,疼痛消失,血常规和C反应蛋白检查结果正常,血沉明显下降。随访平均35．3个月,末次随访时X线片提示腰椎植骨融合。JOA评分改善率为82．2％。结论对于早发性腰椎融合术后感染病例,进行积极清创手术,保留内置物联合真空负压封闭引流能够及时控制感染,是一种较为有效的处理。日服抗生素抑菌治疗可以降低清创术术后感染复发。