全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8834篇 |
免费 | 587篇 |
国内免费 | 28篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 67篇 |
儿科学 | 175篇 |
妇产科学 | 81篇 |
基础医学 | 1096篇 |
口腔科学 | 140篇 |
临床医学 | 881篇 |
内科学 | 2023篇 |
皮肤病学 | 141篇 |
神经病学 | 1021篇 |
特种医学 | 442篇 |
外科学 | 1522篇 |
综合类 | 88篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 345篇 |
眼科学 | 195篇 |
药学 | 556篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 666篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 93篇 |
2022年 | 212篇 |
2021年 | 487篇 |
2020年 | 229篇 |
2019年 | 366篇 |
2018年 | 409篇 |
2017年 | 300篇 |
2016年 | 311篇 |
2015年 | 355篇 |
2014年 | 448篇 |
2013年 | 560篇 |
2012年 | 829篇 |
2011年 | 823篇 |
2010年 | 457篇 |
2009年 | 396篇 |
2008年 | 499篇 |
2007年 | 471篇 |
2006年 | 392篇 |
2005年 | 395篇 |
2004年 | 331篇 |
2003年 | 248篇 |
2002年 | 199篇 |
2001年 | 62篇 |
2000年 | 42篇 |
1999年 | 41篇 |
1998年 | 37篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 27篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 25篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有9449条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Roberto V.P. Ribeiro Mitesh V. Badiwala Danny Ramzy Laura C. Tumiati Vivek Rao 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(2):615-625.e1
Objective
Hypertonic saline (HTS) has potent immune and vascular effects. We assessed recipient pretreatment with HTS on allograft function in a porcine model of heart transplantation and hypothesized that HTS infusion would limit endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following transplantation.Methods
Heart transplants were performed after 6 hours of cold ischemic storage. Recipient pigs were randomized to treatment with or without HTS (7.5% NaCl) before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Using a myograft apparatus, coronary artery endothelial-dependent (Edep) and -independent (Eind) relaxation was assessed. LV performance was determined using pressure-volume loop analysis. Pulmonary interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression was measured.Results
Weaning from CPB and LV performance after transplantation were improved in HTS-treated animals. Successful weaning from CPB was greater in the HTS-treated hearts (8 of 8 vs 2 of 8; P < .05). Mean LV functional recovery was improved in the HTS-treated animals, as assessed by preload recruitable stroke work (65 ± 10% vs 27 ± 10%; P < .001) and end-systolic elastance (55 ± 7% vs 37 ± 4%; P < .001). Treatment with HTS resulted in improved Edep (mean maximum elastance [Emax], 56 ± 5% vs 37 ± 7%; P < .001) and Eind (mean Emax%, 77 ± 6% vs 52 ± 4%; P < .001) vasorelaxation compared with control. Pulmonary expression of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α increased following transplantation, whereas HTS therapy attenuated IL production (P < .001). Transplantation increased plasma TNF-α levels and LV TNF-α expression, whereas HTS prevented this up-regulation (P < .001).Conclusions
Recipient HTS pretreatment preserves allograft vasomotor and LV function, and HTS therapy limits CPB-induced injury. HTS may be a novel recipient intervention to prevent graft dysfunction. 相似文献5.
Functional recovery, the goal of treatment, has long been overlooked in the assessment of effectiveness of pharmacological treatments. However, with the recent shift in paradigm, from syndromal–symptomatic recovery to functional recovery, there appears to be a new interest in the definition and evaluation of functional recovery. Since functional recovery lags symptomatic recovery, sometimes by months or years, the attainment of functional recovery will be determined by both efficacy and long-term compliance. Quetiapine, due to its efficacy in both mania and depression, and effect on cognition may lead to improved functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. 相似文献
6.
The aim of this pilot study was to examine the role of the striatum and cerebellum in the adaptation to a novel movement within a sequence of practiced movements using a motor learning paradigm. The performance of patients in the early or advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) and of patients with damage to the cerebellum (CE) was compared, respectively to a group of aged and young matched controls on an adapted version of the Mirror-Tracing Test. In this task, subjects were required to trace a series of complex figures in two conditions: (1) a Practiced condition, in which the figures were composed of the juxtaposition of three simple designs that were extensively practiced before; and (2) a Mixed condition in which triads were created by replacing the last simple figure of the triads in the Practiced condition by a new simple figure that had never been traced individually before. Results showed that all clinical groups were slower than controls at tracing the Practiced triads. Most interestingly, however, only patients in the advanced stages of PD showed increased completion time to trace the triads in the Mixed condition. This suggests that a bilateral striatal dysfunction affects the ability to adapt to a novel motion within a sequence of practiced movements. Although exploratory, these results support a functional dissociation between the striatum and cerebellum in acquiring visuomotor skilled behaviors. 相似文献
7.
Pratipal Singh Vivek Vijjan Manu Gupta Deepak Dubey Aneesh Srivastava 《International journal of urology》2007,14(6):558-560
Congenital thoracic ectopic kidney is a very rare developmental anomaly and the rarest form of all ectopic kidneys. It is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on routine chest radiography. Herein we reported the first case of staghorn stone in a thoracic kidney managed successfully by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 相似文献
8.
Julien Fey André Dietrich Anne Cosset T. Desprez L. Maréchal-Drouard 《Current genetics》1997,32(5):358-360
Two identical “chloroplast-like” tRNAAsn genes, trnN1 and trnN2, have been identified in the potato (Solanum tuberosum) mitochondrial genome. The flanking sequences of trnN1 are unrelated to the corresponding authentic potato chloroplast regions, whilst those of trnN2 are very similar to the chloroplast sequences. The trnN1 copy is present in the mitochondrial genome of various plants whereas the second copy, trnN2, is absent from all the other plant genomes studied so far. Interestingly, both trnN copies are expressed in potato mitochondria. Sequences flanking the chloroplast-like tRNAHis gene (trnH), present as a single copy in the potato mitochondrial DNA, are unrelated to the corresponding chloroplast sequences, whereas
chloroplast-derived sequences have been maintained in the vicinity of the maize chloroplast-like mitochondrial trnH gene. However, both the potato and the maize trnH are expressed in mitochondria.
Received: 10 April / 1 August 1997 相似文献
9.
Emmanuel Ellie Anne Vital Andreas Steck Jean-Michel Boiron Claude Vital Jean Julien 《Journal of neurology》1996,243(1):34-43
We studied 33 patients presenting with a peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) IgM monoclonal gammopathy (MG) in an attempt to delineate their clinical, immunological, electrophysiological and pathological characteristics; we also reviewed our experience concerning long-term follow-up and therapy. Peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-MAG IgM MG was observed mostly in males (sex ratio 7.2), and mean age at onset was 67 years (range 46–81). A predominantly sensory pattern was noted in more than 80% of cases, although some patients were affected by a predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy. Although disease progression was slow in most cases, 45% of patients suffered severe disability, and in 2 cases, the patient's death appeared to stem directly from the neuropathy. The electrophysiological findings were indicative of a demyelinating process in 90% of cases, and electron microscopic examination of nerve biopsy specimens demonstrated widening of the myelin lamellae in more than 95% of cases. Most of our patients showed a disappointing response to steroids and chemotherapy or plasma exchanges. Intravenous immune globulin, evaluated in 17 patients, had a transient, mostly subjective effect in 35% and led to a clear-cut improvement in 24% of cases. We did not observe any correlation between the severity of the clinical picture and the anti-sulphoglucuronyl paragloboside antibody titre; in individual cases, clinical improvement occurred without lowering of IgM levels. Although the severity and the rate of progression may greatly vary from patient to patient, the combination of clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features delineates a characteristic pattern in peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-MAG IgM MG. 相似文献
10.
Georgios Amoiridis Ludwig Gutmann Dennis E. Wilkins Raja Sawaya Alain Lagueny Roger Marthan Philippe Schuermans Philippe Le Collen Xavier Ferrer Jean Julien Reha Kuruoglu Shin J. Oh Brian Thompson A. Aggarwal L. Gutmann A. Gutierrez Okifumi Nakazato Russel Johnsen Philip Morling B. A. Kakulas 《Muscle & nerve》1994,17(2):245-253