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1.
Contrast matching was performed with isoluminant red-green and s-cone gratings at spatial frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 8 c/deg. Contrast threshold curves were low-pass in shape, in agreement with previous findings. Contrast matching functions resembled threshold curves at low contrast levels, but became flat and independent of spatial frequency at high contrasts. Thus, isoluminant chromatic gratings exhibited contrast constancy at suprathreshold contrast levels in a similar manner as has been demonstrated for achromatic gratings. 相似文献
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Mikko A. I. Rantala Jari Ahlberg Tuija I. Suvinen Maunu Nissinen Harri Lindholm Aslak Savolainen 《Acta odontologica Scandinavica》2013,71(4):217-222
The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular joint related (TMJ) painless symptoms, orofacial pain, neck pain, and headache in a Finnish working population and to evaluate the association of the symptoms with psychosocial factors. A self-administered postal questionnaire concerning items on demographic background, employment details, perceived general state of health, medication, psychosocial status, and use of health-care services, was mailed to all employees with at least 5 years at their current job. The questionnaire was completed by 1339 subjects (75%). Frequent (often or continual) TMJ-related painless symptoms were found in 10%, orofacial pain in 7%, neck pain in 39%, and headache in 15% of subjects. Females reported all pain symptoms significantly more often than men (P < 0.001). Frequent pain and TMJ-related symptoms were significantly associated with self-reported stress, depression, and somatization (P < 0.001). Perceived poor general state of health (P < 0.001), health care visits (P < 0.001), overload at work (P < 0.001), life satisfaction (P < 0.05), and work satisfaction (P < 0.05) were also significantly associated with pain symptoms, but the work duty was not (P > 0.05). Our findings are in accordance with earlier studies and confirm the strong relationship between neck pain, headache, orofacial pain, TMJ-related painless symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Furthermore, TMJ-related symptoms and painful conditions seem to be more associated with work-related psychosocial factors than with type of work itself. 相似文献
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Benefits of repeated individual dietary counselling in long‐term weight control in women after delivery
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Johanna Jaakkola Erika Isolauri Tuija Poussa Kirsi Laitinen 《Maternal & child nutrition》2015,11(4):1041-1048
As pregnancy may trigger overweight in women, new means for its prevention are being sought. The aim here was to investigate the effect of individual dietary counselling during and after pregnancy on post‐partum weight and waist circumference up to 4 years post‐partum. A cohort of women (n = 256) were randomized to receive repeated individual dietary counselling by a nutritionist during and after pregnancy, or as controls not receiving dietary counselling, from the first trimester of pregnancy until 6 months after delivery. Counselling aimed to bring dietary intake into line with recommendations, with particular focus on the increase in the intake of unsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated. Pre‐pregnancy weight was taken from welfare clinic records. Weight and waist circumference were measured at 4 years after delivery. The proportion of overweight women increased from 26% prior to pregnancy to 30% at 4 years after delivery among women receiving dietary counselling, as against considerably more, from 32% to 57%, among controls. The prevalence of central adiposity was 31% in women receiving dietary counselling, 64% in controls. Likewise, both the risk of overweight (odds ratio: 0.23, 0.08–0.63, P = 0.005) and central adiposity (odds ratio: 0.18, 0.06–0.52, P = 0.002) were lower in women receiving dietary counselling compared with controls. Repeated dietary counselling initiated in early pregnancy can be beneficial in long‐term weight control after delivery. 相似文献
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Self‐Reported Hearing Status Is Associated with Lower Limb Physical Performance,Perceived Mobility,and Activities of Daily Living in Older Community‐Dwelling Men and Women
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Jari Tapio Ikonen Antti Ojala Juha-Pekka Salenius Jorma Mattila Heikki Riekkinen Tuija Wigren 《Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ》2013,47(4):228-233
Although DNA aneuploidy and high proliferative activity (S-phase fraction, SPF) of tumour cells, measured by flow cytometry, have proved to be indicators of poor prognosis in most solid tumours, there have been conflicting results in lung cancer studies. During a four-year period we studied the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and SPF in 99 surgically treated lung cancer patients. Flow cytometric analysis was done from archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour specimens. DNA index and SPF were determined, using MultiCycle software with sliced nuclear correction to compensate for debris. There were 61 DNA diploid and 38 DNA aneuploid tumours. The median SPF was 10.2%. Neither ploidy nor SPF was associated with previously known prognostic factors. Survival was poorer in patients with aneuploid tumours than in the other patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. DNA ploidy and SPF thus do not seem to be useful prognostic indicators in surgically treated lung cancer. 相似文献
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Tommi Pätilä Tuija Ikonen Esko Kankuri Aapo Ahonen Leena Krogerus Kirsi Lauerma 《Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ》2013,47(6):408-416
Objectives. We aimed to assess the spontaneous healing of myocardial function after occlusion of a chronically stenosed coronary vessel in a porcine model. Design. Ischemia and infarction was produced by Ameroid constrictor placement and a subsequent ligation of the left circumflex artery. Cardiac MRI and 18FDG-PET were performed one and five weeks later. Ki67 staining was used to identify proliferating cells. Results. Restoration of perfusion defect was detected by MRI (p=0.0065), reduced systolic function of the lateral segment spontaneously recovered (p=0.03). There was also a suggestive raise in impaired ejection fraction (p=0.06). Left ventricular early diastolic filling and peak filling rate were substantially improved (p=0.039 and p=0.0078). Scar size reduced (p=0.03). On the 18FDG-PET, deranged metabolism was alleviated (p=0.03). Cardiomyocytes with positive Ki-67 staining were located principally in the non-infarcted myocardium as compared to the infarction or border areas (p=0.037). Conclusions. We demonstrated spontaneous functional healing of ischemic and infarcted left ventricle, suggesting border zone perfusion recovery. Scar reduction was detected. Different pattern of myocyte proliferation between infarction and non-ischemic myocardium was seen. 相似文献
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Juho-Antti Junno Markus Paananen Jaro Karppinen Tuija Tammelin Jaakko Niinimäki Eveliina Lammentausta Markku Niskanen Miika T. Nieminen Marjo-Riitta Järvelin Jani Takatalo Osmo Tervonen Juha Tuukkanen 《The spine journal》2013,13(2):184-189
Background contextReduced vertebral strength is a clear risk factor for vertebral fractures. Men and women with vertebral fractures often have reduced vertebral size and bone mineral density (BMD). Vertebral strength is controlled by both genetic and developmental factors. Malnutrition and low levels of physical activity are commonly considered to result in reduced bone size during growth. Several studies have also demonstrated the general relationship between BMD and physical activity in the appendicular skeleton.PurposeIn this study, we wanted to clarify the role of physical activity on vertebral bodies. Vertebral dimensions appear to generally be less pliant than long bones when lifetime changes occur. We wanted to explore the association between physical activity during late adolescence and vertebral strength parameters such as cross-sectional size and BMD.Study designThe association between physical activity and vertebral strength was explored by measuring vertebral strength parameters and defining the level of physical activity during adolescence.Patient sampleThe study population consisted of 6,928 males and females who, at 15 to 16 and 19 years of age, responded to a mailed questionnaire inquiring about their physical activity. A total of 558 individuals at the mean age of 21 years underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.MethodsWe measured the dimensions of the fourth lumbar vertebra from the MRI scans of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 and performed T2* relaxation time mapping, reflective of BMD. Vertebral strength was based on these two parameters. We analyzed the association of physical activity on vertebral strength using the analysis of variance.Results and conclusionsWe observed no association between the level of physical activity during late adolescence and vertebral strength at 21 years. 相似文献