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AMPK在妊娠期糖尿病发病机制中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶是一种重要的蛋白激酶,主要作用是协调代谢和能量平衡.腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶被激活后,在增加骨骼肌对葡萄糖摄取、增强胰岛素敏感性、增加脂肪酸氧化以及调节基因转录等方面发挥重要作用.已经证实脂联素有调节糖脂代谢的作用,但其作用机制尚不十分清楚,很可能是通过腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶介导,对脂联素信号转导通路的研究将成为进一步理解脂联素作用的关键所在.而脂联素又是妊娠期糖尿病的预测因子,所以腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶逐渐成为对妊娠期糖尿病研究中的焦点. 相似文献
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K M Outwater S T Treves P Lang A R Castaneda R K Crone 《Journal of clinical anesthesia》1990,2(4):253-257
The renal and hemodynamic effects of dopamine were measured during the immediate postoperative period in six infants following repair of congenital cardiac defects. Dopamine was infused at rates of 5, 10, and 15 micrograms/kg/min. Cardiac index (CI) increased significantly at a dopamine infusion rate of 15 micrograms/kg/min. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine output increased at dopamine infusion rates of 5 and 10 micrograms/kg/min and returned to baseline at 15 micrograms/kg/min. No significant changes occurred in right atrial pressure (RAP), left atrial pressure (LAP), systemic artery pressure, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), or pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Heart rate (HR) increased slightly at a dopamine infusion rate of 15 micrograms/kg/min. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) increased significantly in only one patient. These data demonstrate that infants require high doses of dopamine to produce the hemodynamic effects seen in adults and that these higher doses may be used without adverse renal effects. 相似文献
4.
Administered radiopharmaceutical doses in children: a survey of 13 pediatric hospitals in North America. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Universally applied standards for administering radiopharmaceutical doses in children do not presently exist. Hence, pediatric radiopharmaceutical dosimetry varies considerably from institution to institution and is generally based on the recommended adult dose adjusted for body mass. METHODS: We surveyed 13 pediatric hospitals in North America to obtain objective data on dosimetry practices for 16 pediatric nuclear medicine examinations, including the minimum total radiopharmaceutical administered dose per examination, the total administered dose based on body mass, and maximum total doses in children. RESULTS: The reported administered doses of radiopharmaceuticals to children vary over a relatively large range, especially with respect to minimum total administered doses. CONCLUSION: This survey has identified a broad range of administered doses directly leading to variability in radiation-absorbed doses to patients. The nuclear medicine community should develop pediatric standards for radiopharmaceutical administered doses and reduce radiation exposure in children, such as through the use of modern software reconstruction techniques. 相似文献
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The instability of membrane markers expressed by human monocytes and macrophages in culture 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Surface markers were tested on freshly isolated human monocytes and following their in vitro maturation to macrophages. The markers tested were HLA-DR antigens, receptors for the Fc of IgG and complement as well as membrane markers defined by monoclonal antibodies. The results revealed a dynamic expression of some of the markers on monocytes which was influenced by several variables. The expression of the markers was modulated by the presence of different sera, by treatment with lymphokines and interferon and following the in vitro maturation of monocytes to macrophages. The most unstable marker was found to be the HLA-DR, which was modulated by all these variables. The 63D3 was affected by different sera and culture supernatant, as well as following the maturation of monocytes to macrophages, but not by lymphokines and interferon. One of the markers, the Mac 120, was found to be relatively stable and did not change significantly following the maturation of monocytes to macrophages. The Fc and complement receptors were also stable in their expression under these conditions, but were probably partially blocked in the presence of human serum. These results indicated that at least some of the heterogeneity related to the monocyte population was probably not due to the occurrence of stable subsets of cells, but rather to reversible changes in marker expression. 相似文献
8.
A J Treves 《Critical reviews in immunology》1985,5(4):371-385
Human monocytes and macrophages are heterogeneous cell populations, with numerous functions and activities. In the present work we review some new in vitro studies which made possible the development and research of cloned populations of macrophages and functional cell lines. Peripheral blood monocytes were cloned in semisolid media and the cloned monocyte/macrophage populations were analyzed for the expression of various markers. Based on the analysis of cloned populations of monocytes and on additional studies of macrophage functions and markers, we suggest the possibility that the human monocytes represent a unique multifunctional population, expressing reversible changes in functions and markers. The occurrence of stable subsets of cells could not be demonstrated by these methods. Cultures of human monocytes and mature macrophages could be maintained in vitro for long periods of time, but only a few studies reported the continuous proliferation of monocytes in culture. We describe here an approach for immortalization of monocytes by heterologous somatic cell hybridization. This method yielded monocyte hybrid cell lines which preserved some macrophage characteristics. The hybrid cell lines could be used for the isolation and study of monokines and for cytogenetic analysis of macrophage markers and functions. 相似文献
9.
Interleukin 1 inhibitory activity secreted by a human myelomonocytic cell line (M20) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
V Barak A J Treves P Yanai M Halperin D Wasserman S Biran S Braun 《European journal of immunology》1986,16(11):1449-1452
Culture supernatants from a myelomonocytic cell line (M20) were found to inhibit interleukin 1 (IL 1) activity in vitro. The factor, isolated from these supernatants, inhibited augmentation of phytohemagglutinin response of mouse thymus cells induced by IL 1 derived from several established cell lines. Various IL 1-dependent activities such as lymphocyte and fibroblast proliferation in vitro were also inhibited by the factor. The factor did not inhibit IL 2-induced or other proliferative responses not related to IL 1. Preliminary biochemical characterization of the factor indicated that the activity resides in a protein with a molecular mass of 52 kDa. 相似文献
10.