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1.
Toshihiro Yoshitake Akira Takeda Kensaku Ohki Yuko Inoue Takanori Yamawaki Saori Otsuka Minekatsu Akimoto Mitsuru Nemoto Yasuhito Shimakura Akio Sato 《The Journal of dermatology》2015,42(7):735-738
Finasteride is standard medical treatment for androgenetic alopecia; however, no large studies with 5 years or more of follow up have been performed in Japan. The authors followed Japanese men with androgenetic alopecia treated with finasteride for 5 years to evaluate long‐term treatment efficacy. Of 903 men treated with finasteride (1 mg/day), 801 patients were evaluated over 5 years by modified global photographic assessment. Although the proportion of improvement was high (99.4%), modified global photographic assessment scores after 5 years of treatment were lower in patients with more advanced disease as measured by the modified Norwood–Hamilton scale. After separating patients into “sufficient” and “insufficient” efficacy groups according to the modified global photographic assessment score after 5 years (scores ≥6 and <6, respectively), multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors of insufficient efficacy were age at start of treatment of 40 years or more (P = 0.021) and classification on the modified Norwood–Hamilton scale (P < 0.001), whereas presence of stress at start of treatment was a negative predictor (P = 0.025). In conclusion, continuous finasteride treatment for 5 years improved androgenetic alopecia with sustained effect among Japanese. Younger age and less advanced disease at start of treatment were the key predictors of higher finasteride efficacy. 相似文献
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Sadahiro Hijikata Igen Hongo Shu-ichi Nakayama Tetsuo Yamaguchi Yoshiyuki Sekikawa Toshihiro Nozato Takashi Ashikaga 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2019,35(1):104.e9-104.e11
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Syphilitic aortitis might coexist in a dysfunctional aortic valve, but the etiology remains unclear, because microbiological diagnosis is difficult. A 62-year-old man with low-grade fever was diagnosed with aortitis and infective endocarditis, due to Treponema pallidum infection, using polymerase chain reaction analysis. This case suggests that syphilis might cause infective endocarditis. 相似文献
4.
Hiroki Koshimichi Yoshiyuki Tsuda Toru Ishibashi Toshihiro Wajima 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2019,108(5):1896-1904
Baloxavir marboxil, a prodrug that is metabolized to baloxavir acid, suppresses viral replication by inhibiting cap-dependent endonuclease. Our aim is to characterize its pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationships. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of the baloxavir acid was performed using 8310 plasma concentration data points from 1109 subjects. Exposure-response analyses were performed regarding the time to alleviation of symptoms and the reduction in the influenza virus titer. A 2-compartment model with first-order absorption and lag time well described the plasma concentration data for baloxavir acid, and body weight and race were found to be the most important factors influencing the clearance and distribution volume. A dose regimen based on the body weight (40 mg for patients weighing <80 kg and 80 mg for patients weighing ≥80 kg) could provide sufficient exposures for expecting efficacy irrespective of body weight or race; however, the exposures were dependent on the body weight and race. Exposure-response analyses suggested that the reduction in the influenza virus titer was greater in any exposure-based groups in baloxavir marboxil treatment than in the oseltamivir phosphate treatment and placebo groups. In conclusion, the population pharmacokinetic model and exposure-response relationships would be useful for understanding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of baloxavir acid. 相似文献
5.
Takaharu Negoro Kanami Orihara Tomoko Irahara Hiroshi Nishiyama Kanae Hagiwara Risa Nishida Hiroki Takagi Kazue Satoh Yoshiki Yamamoto Shunichi Shimizu Tamio Hagiwara Masakazu Ishii Toshihiro Tanioka Yasuko Nakano Ken Takeda Isao Yoshimura Yoji Iikura Takashi Tobe 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2006,17(8):583-590
Although many single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) studies have reported an association of atopy, allergic diseases and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, almost all of these studies sought risk factors for the onset of these allergic diseases. Furthermore, many studies have analyzed a single gene and hardly any have analyzed environmental factors. In these analyses, the results could be masked and the effects of other genes and environmental factors may be decreased. Here, we described the correlation between four genes [interleukin (IL)-4 (C-590T), IL-4 receptor (A1652G), FCER1B (G6842A) and STAT6 (G2964A)] in connection with IgE production; the role of IL-10 (C-627A) as a regulatory cytokine of allergy; and the severity of food allergy (FA) and atopic eczema (AE) in 220 Japanese allergic children. In addition to these SNPs, environmental factors, i.e., patient's attitude, indoor environment, and so on, were also investigated in this study. Our study was retrospective, and the correlation was analyzed by our defined clinical scores divided into three terms: worst symptoms, recent symptoms and general amelioration at the most recent examination during the disease course. Our results indicated that IL-10 AA, the genotype with lower IL-10 production, is associated with higher IgE levels in the serum (p < 0.0001, estimate; 0.912). Marginal liver abnormalities were observed in the subject group with both FA and AE (p < 0.1191, estimate; 0.1490). Our defined clinical scores enabled evaluation of various aspects of disease severity. Based on the scores, while no single SNP selected in this study determined severity, the combination of the SNP with laboratory data and environmental factors appeared to determine severity. 相似文献
6.
Hiroto Egawa Koichi Tanaka Mureo Kasahara Yasutsugu Takada Fumitaka Oike Kohei Ogawa Seisuke Sakamoto Koichi Kozaki Kaoru Taira Takashi Ito 《Liver transplantation》2006,12(10):1512-1518
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) involves technical difficulty. The aim of this research was to analyze their preoperative diagnosis of PVT, operative procedures, and postoperative courses of patients with preoperative PVT. Thirty-nine patients of 404 adult patients (9.7%) undergoing LDLT in our hospital from 1996 June to 2004 December had PVT at their transplantation. Twenty-nine patients had intractable ascites, 21 had gastrointestinal bleeding, and 18 had encephalopathy. The thrombus was located in the portal trunk in 23, in the portal trunk and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) in 7, and developed into the SMV and the splenic vein in 8. The occlusive grade was partial in 29, and complete in 10 patients. The thrombus was removed by a simple technique, and eversion and/or incision technique, or total removal of the portal vein (PV). The PV was reconstructed with the thrombectomized native PV, with an interposed vein graft, or porto-caval hemitransposition. Advanced PVT had a significant impact on blood loss and hospital mortality. Three out of 10 patients with residual PVT required radiological and/or surgical intervention after transplantation. In conclusion, thorough planning is essential for a successful LDLT outcome for patients with preexisting PVT. 相似文献
7.
Kazuhiko Yanai Tatsuo Ido Kiichi Ishiwata Jun Hatazawa Toshihiro Takahashi Ren Iwata Taiju Matsuzawa 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1986,12(3):141-146
The endogenous hallucinogen, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), was labeled with carbon-11 and its regional distribution in rat brain studied. [11C]DMT showed higher accumulation in the cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, and amygdaloid nuclei. Studies of the subcellular distribution of [11C]DMT revealed the specific localization in the fractions enriched with serotonin receptors only when a very low dose was injected into rats. The proportions of the radioactivity in receptor-rich fractions were greatly enhanced by pretreatment with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline. Specific binding of [11C]DMT to serotonin receptors in dog brain was demonstrated by a positron emission tomographic study in which 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine caused approximately 20% displacement of the radioligand from the receptors. 相似文献
8.
Met-RANTES ameliorates fibrous airway obliteration and decreases ERK expression in a murine model of bronchiolitis obliterans. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Osamu Uchida Naohiro Kajiwara Aeru Hayashi Kuniharu Miyajima Takayoshi Nagatsuka Hiroki Hayashi Masahiro Taira Masakazu Kimura Masahiro Tsuboi Harubumi Kato 《Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2007,13(2):82-86
OBJECTIVES: Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is the main cause of late mortality among long-term survivors of lung transplantation. Chemokine-chemokine receptor (CCR) interaction and subsequent recruitment of infiltrating cells to the graft are early events in the development of chronic rejection of transplanted lungs. The present study investigated whether blockade of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 with Met-regulated-on-activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), an amino-terminal modified derivative of RANTES/CCL5, affects the development of BO in murine model and we sought to determine the expression of RANTES/CCL5 and their relationship with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Materials and Methods: BALB/c mouse tracheas were heterotopically transplanted into C57Black6 recipients and treated for 21 days with either Met-RANTES at 20 microg/day or vehicle. Animals were killed at 21 days after transplantation for histologic examination of ERK expression. RESULTS: RANTES/CCL5 was highly expressed in allografts compare to isografts. Met-RANTES treatment ameliorated fibrous airway obliteration in a mouse model of BO and decreased ERK expression. CONCLUSION: Blockade of chemokine receptors by Met-RANTES ameliorated airway obliteration and decreased ERK expression. These findings suggest that chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 play significant roles in the development of chronic rejection and ERK may be a new molecular target for chronic rejection. 相似文献
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10.
Toshio Imai Miyuki Nishimura Toshihiro Nanki Hisanori Umehara 《Nihon Rinshō Men'eki Gakkai kaishi》2005,28(3):131-139
The migration of leukocytes into inflamed peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs involves a cascade of molecular events finely regulated by cell adhesion molecules and chemokines. Fractalkine/CX3CL1 is a membrane-bound chemokine that functions not only as a chemoattractant but also as an adhesion molecule, and is expressed on endothelial cells activated by proinflammatory cytokines. The fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1, is expressed on cytotoxic effector lymphocytes including NK cells and cytotoxic effector T cells (T(CE)), mature monocytes/macrophages, and mucosal dendritic cells, all of which play important roles in elimination of pathogens and cancer cells. Recently, accumulating evidence in both clinical studies and animal disease models has shown that fractalkine is also involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. This article reviews the unique functions of fractalkine and its pathophysiological roles in various clinical conditions. 相似文献