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Mechanical properties of dilated human ascending aorta 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Okamoto RJ Wagenseil JE DeLong WR Peterson SJ Kouchoukos NT Sundt TM 《Annals of biomedical engineering》2002,30(5):624-635
Dilation of the ascending aorta, associated with Marfan Syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, or advanced age, may lead to aortic dissection and rupture. Mathematical models can be used to assess the relative importance of increased wall stresses and decreased strength in these mechanical failures. To obtain needed inputs for such models, mechanical properties of dilated human ascending aorta were measured in vitro. Specimens for opening angle, biaxial elastic, and uniaxial circumferential strength tests were cut from excised tissue obtained from 54 patients (age 18–81 years) undergoing elective aortic graft replacement surgery. Opening angle was significantly greater in patients older than 50 years (262°±76°, n=21) compared to younger patients (202°±70°, n=13 All biaxial elastic specimens n=40 exhibited nonlinear stress-strain behavior. Rapid increases in circumferential and axial stresses occurred at lower strains in the older patient group than in the younger. Mean strength was significantly lower in older patients (1.35±0.37 MPa, n=14) than younger (2.04 ± 0.46 MPa, n=11, age <50 years). These changes in mechanical properties suggest that age may influence the risk of aortic dissection or rupture of dilated ascending aorta. © 2002 Biomedical Engineering Society.
PAC2002: 8719Rr, 8719Hh 相似文献
3.
Hudson BI Wendt T Bucciarelli LG Rong LL Naka Y Yan SF Schmidt AM 《Antioxidants & redox signaling》2005,7(11-12):1588-1600
The major consequence of long-term diabetes is the increased incidence of disease of the vasculature. Of the underlying mechanisms leading to disease, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), resulting from the associated hyperglycemia, is the most convincing. Interaction of AGEs with their receptor, RAGE, activates numerous signaling pathways leading to activation of proinflammatory and procoagulatory genes. Studies in rodent models of macro- and microvascular disease have demonstrated that blockade of RAGE can prevent development of disease. These observations highlight RAGE as a therapeutic target for treatment of diabetic vascular disease. 相似文献
4.
Inhibition of the bacteriolytic effect of beta-lactam-antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus by the polyanionic drugs suramin and Evans Blue 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J Wecke M Franz P Giesbrecht 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》1990,98(1):71-81
The anionic polyelectrolytes suramin and Evans Blue inhibited different autolytic systems involved in wall growth and wall turnover of growing staphylococci and in wall autolysis of resting bacteria. Moreover, both substances lowered the beta-lactam-induced pre-lytic release of cytoplasmic constituents from staphylococci, and inhibited the beta-lactam-induced bacteriolysis as well as the loss of viability. The protective effects of these sulfonated drugs against bacteriolysis were also monitored by electron microscopy. Some medical implications of our results are discussed. 相似文献
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Qiang Liu Zhongbiao Xu Kaixuan Zhao W. Scott Hoge Xinyuan Zhang Yingjie Mei Qiqi Lu Thoralf Niendorf Yanqiu Feng 《NMR in biomedicine》2022,35(5):e4652
The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two-dimensional (2D) navigated, interleaved multishot echo-planar imaging (EPI) to enhance kidney diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in rats at 7.0 T. Fully sampled interleaved four-shot EPI with 2D navigators was tailored for kidney DWI (Sprague–Dawley rats, n = 7) on a 7.0-T small bore preclinical scanner. The image quality of four-shot EPI was compared with T2-weighted rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) (reference) and single-shot EPI (ss-EPI) without and with parallel imaging (PI). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was examined to assess the image quality for the EPI approaches. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were used for evaluation of image distortion. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated for renal cortex and medulla for all DWI approaches. The corticomedullary difference of MD and FA were assessed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Four-shot EPI showed the highest CNR among the three EPI variants and lowest geometric distortion versus T2-weighted RARE (mean Dice: 0.77 for ss-EPI without PI, 0.88 for ss-EPI with twofold undersampling, and 0.92 for four-shot EPI). The FA map derived from four-shot EPI clearly identified a highly anisotropic region corresponding to the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Four-shot EPI successfully discerned differences in both MD and FA between renal cortex and medulla. In conclusion, 2D navigated, interleaved multishot EPI facilitates high-quality rat kidney DWI with clearly depicted intralayer and interlayer structure and substantially reduced image distortion. This approach enables the anatomic integrity of DWI-MRI in small rodents and has the potential to benefit the characterization of renal microstructure in preclinical studies. 相似文献
8.
Sengupta PP Krishnamoorthy VK Abhayaratna WP Korinek J Belohlavek M Sundt TM Chandrasekaran K Seward JB Tajik AJ Khandheria BK 《The American journal of cardiology》2008,102(3):357-362
Brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) and tissue Doppler imaging may distinguish restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCMP) from idiopathic constrictive pericardial disease (CP). However, their comparative efficacy is unknown for patients with CP from secondary causes (e.g., surgery or radiotherapy). We compared the efficacy of tissue Doppler imaging and BNP for differentiation of RCMP (n = 15) and CP (n = 16) were compared. BNP was higher in patients with RCMP than CP (p = 0.008), but the groups overlapped, particularly for BNP <400 pg/ml. BNP was lower with idiopathic CP than secondary CP (139 +/- 50 vs 293 +/- 69 pg/ml; p <0.001) or RCMP (139 +/- 50 vs 595 +/- 499 pg/ml; p <0.001), but not significantly different between those with secondary CP and RCMP (293 +/- 69 vs 595 +/- 499 pg/ml; p = 0.1). Patients with CP and RCMP had less overlap in early diastolic and isovolumic contraction tissue Doppler imaging velocities compared with BNP, with clear separation of groups evident with mean early diastolic annular velocities (averaged from 4 walls). Early diastolic tissue Doppler imaging velocity was superior to BNP for differentiation of CP and RCMP (area under the curve 0.97 vs 0.76, respectively; p = 0.01). In conclusion, mean early diastolic mitral annular velocity correctly distinguished CP from RCMP even when there was a large overlap of BNP between the 2 groups. 相似文献
9.
William Froehlich Jip L. Tolenaar Kevin M. Harris Craig Strauss Thoralf M. Sundt Thomas T. Tsai Mark D. Peterson Arturo Evangelista Daniel G. Montgomery Eva Kline-Rogers Christoph A. Nienaber James B. Froehlich Eric M. Isselbacher Kim A. Eagle Santi Trimarchi 《The American journal of medicine》2018,131(3):300-306
Objectives
The purpose of this research is to analyze factors associated with delays to surgical management of Type A acute aortic dissection patients.Methods
Time from diagnosis to surgery and associated factors were evaluated in 1880 surgically managed Type A dissection patients enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection.Results
The majority of patients were transferred (75.7% vs 24.3%). Patients who were transferred had a median delay from diagnosis to surgery of 4.0 hours (interquartile range 2.5-7.2 hours), compared with 2.3 hours (interquartile range 1.1-4.2 hours; P < .001) in nontransferred patients. Among patients who were transferred, those with worst-ever, posterior, or tearing chest pain those with severe complications, and those receiving transthoracic echocardiogram prior to a transesophageal echocardiogram or as the only echocardiogram were treated more quickly. Those undergoing magnetic resonance imaging, or who had prior cardiac surgery, had longer delays to surgery. Among nontransferred patients, those with coma were treated more quickly. In both groups, patients presenting with emergent conditions such as cardiac tamponade, hypotension, or shock had more rapid treatment. Among transferred patients, surviving patients had longer delays (4.1 [2.6-7.8] hours vs 3.3 [2.0-6.0] hours, P = .001). Overall mortality did not differ between patients who were transferred vs not (19.3% vs 21.1%, P = .416).Conclusion
Simply being transferred added significantly to the delay to surgery for Type A acute aortic dissection patients, but a number of factors affected its extent. Overall, signs and symptoms leading to a definitive diagnosis or indicating immediate life threat reduced time to surgery, while factors suggesting other diagnoses correlated with delays. 相似文献10.