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AbstractBackground: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of inhaled prostacyclin or its analoguesversus nitric oxide (NO) in treating pulmonary hypertension (PH) after cardiac or pulmonary surgery remains unclear.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched for literature published prior to December 2019 using the following keywords: inhaled, nitric oxide, prostacyclin, iloprost, treprostinil, epoprostenol, Tyvaso, flolan, and pulmonary hypertension. Randomized controlled trials and multiple-armed prospective studies that evaluated inhaled NO versus prostacyclin (or analogues) in patients for perioperative and/or postoperative PH after either cardiac or pulmonary surgery were included. Retrospective studies, reviews, letters, comments, editorials, and case reports were excluded.Results: Seven studies with a total of 195 patients were included. No difference in the improvement of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (pooled difference in mean change= ?0.10, 95% CI: ?3.98 to 3.78, p?=?.959) or pulmonary vascular resistance (pooled standardized difference in mean change= ?0.27, 95% CI: ?0.60 to 0.05, p?=?.099) were found between the two treatments. Similarly, no difference was found in other outcomes between the two treatments or subgroup analysis.Conclusions: Inhaled prostacyclin (or analogues) was comparable to inhaled NO in treating PH after cardiac or pulmonary surgery.
- Key messages
This study compared the efficacy of inhaled prostacyclin or its analogues versus inhaled NO to treat PH after surgery. The two types of agent exhibited similar efficacy in managing MPAP, PVR, heart rate, and cardiac output was observed.
Inhaled prostacyclin may serve as an alternative treatment option for PH after cardiac or pulmonary surgery.
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Cardiotoxin, isolated from the venom of Naja naja atra, was found to cause rat hind-paw edema in a dose-dependent manner. This edematous response was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with diphenhydramine, methysergide or compound 48/80, which reduced the tissue histamine content. Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte infiltration appeared within 1 h and had accumulated markedly in the rat paw 3-6 h after subplantar injection of cardiotoxin. Methotrexate pretreatment significantly reduced not only the peripheral leukocyte count but also cardiotoxin-induced paw edema. Captopril, a kininase inhibitor, potentiated the edematous response caused by a low dose of cardiotoxin. The initial phase, occurring within 3 h, of paw edema induced by cardiotoxin was suppressed by trasylol, [Thi5,8,D-Phe7]bradykinin, or by cellulose sulfate pretreatment which greatly reduced plasma kininogen levels. Both mast cells and PMN leukocytes possess kinin-forming activities, but with different properties. The kinin-forming activity of mast cells but not of PMN leukocytes was inhibited by trasylol. In isolated mast cells, cardiotoxin caused a dose-dependent release of histamine, beta-glucuronidase, lactate dehydrogenase and kinin-forming activity. These observations suggest that mast cells and PMN leukocytes are involved in cardiotoxin-induced paw edema, and that inflammatory mediators such as histamine, serotonin and kinins were supplied directly or indirectly by mast cells, at least in the initial phase. 相似文献
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Chih-Ming Lin Pei-Chen Lee Sen-Wen Teng Tsung-Hsueh Lu I-Fang Mao Chung-Yi Li 《台湾医志》2004,103(4):297-301
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Birth certificates are a major source of population-based data often used in maternal and child health research, but their value depends upon the level of accuracy of the data. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the birth registry data in Taiwan. METHODS: Obstetric records of a total of 2779 infants born at a municipal hospital in Taipei between 1995 and 1997 were abstracted and linked to the Taiwan Birth Registry (TBR). Concordance was presented by agreement percentages for various birth characteristics including gender, birth order, birth weight, and gestational age. Concordance was further assessed using Cohen's k and sensitivity/specificity for both birth weight and gestational age, with both variables categorized according to their customary definitions. RESULTS: Missing data for specific items in the TBR ranged from 0% (gender) to 1.6% (birth order). The birth registry accurately reported all 4 selected items, with the highest and lowest concordance percentage noted for gender (99.0%) and gestational age (88.3%), respectively. The level of agreement indicated by the Cohen's k statistic ranged from 0.92 to 0.96 for birth weight and gestational age when both variables were treated as categorical variables. CONCLUSIONS: The TBR showed a low rate of missing information and high levels of validity for the elements frequently used in maternal and child health research in Taiwan. 相似文献
7.
Joen-Rong sheu Chao-Hsin Lin Jih-Luan chung Che-Ming Teng Tur-Fu Huang 《Thrombosis research》1992,66(6):679-691
Triflavin, an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide, purified from snake venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis, inhibits human platelet aggregation through the blockade of fibrinogen binding to fibrinogen receptors associated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. In this report, we examined the effect of triflavin on tumor cells (human hepatoma J-5)-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) of heparinized platelet-rich plasma (PRP). ADP-scavenger agents, apyrase (10 U/ml) and creatine phosphate (5 mM)/creatine phosphokinase (5 U/ml) did not inhibit TCIPA while hirudin (5u/ml) completely inhibited it. J-5 cells initially induced platelet aggregation, then blood coagulation occurred. J-5 cells concentration-dependently shortened the recalcification time of normal as well as Factor VIII, IX-deficient human plasmas, while it was inactive at shortening the recalcification time of Factor VII-deficient plasma, suggesting J-5 cells induced platelet aggregation through activation of extrinsic pathway, leading to thrombin formation as evidenced by the amidolytic activity on S-2238 by expressing tissue factor-like activity. Triflavin inhibited TCIPA in a dose-dependent manner (IC50, 0.02 μM). When compared on molar ratio, triflavin was approximately 30,000 times more potent than GRGDS (IC50,0.58 mM). On the other hand, GRGES showed no significant effect on TCIPA, even its concentration was raised to 4 mM. Additionally, the monoclonal antibodies, raised against glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex (i.e., 7E3 and 10 E5) inhibited J-5 TCIPA. In conclusion, we suggest the inhibitory effect of triflavin on J-5 TCIPA may be chiefly mediated by the binding of triflavin to the fibrinogen receptor associated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex on platelet surface membrane. 相似文献
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Two phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes, TMVPLA2 I and TMVPLA2 II, isolated from Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom induced rat hind-paw oedema. Recovered myeloperoxidase activity increased within 1 h and was greatly elevated in the rat paw 3-6 h after subplantar injection of these venom PLA2 enzymes. Methotrexate pretreatment significantly reduced not only the peripheral leucocyte count but also venom PLA2-induced paw oedema. In rat isolated PMN leucocyte suspension, venom PLA2 induced superoxide radical formation. Paw swelling caused by TMVPLA2 I or TMVPLA2 II was only slightly or not, respectively, reduced in the rats pretreated with anti-platelet plasma, which reduced peripheral blood platelet count by greater than 96%, suggesting platelets are not involved. In isolated platelet preparation, TMVPLA2 I induced platelet activation in a concentration-dependent manner, while TMVPLA2 II had no effect. Pretreatment with diphenhydramine/methysergide greatly suppressed the oedematous responses caused by the two venom PLA2 enzymes; the residual responses were significantly further depressed by aspirin. The oedematous responses caused by the enzymes were also suppressed by FPL 55712, BW 755C, dexamethasone, superoxide dismutase/catalase, isoprenaline and terbutaline. However, BN 52021 and L 652731, both platelet aggregating factor antagonists, were not effective on these responses. Thus, in addition to histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release by the mast cells in PLA2-induced paw oedema (Wang & Teng 1990), the results of this study indicate minor, but significant, roles for neutrophils and inflammatory mediators including prostaglandins, leukotrienes and superoxide radicals. 相似文献
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本文阐述了1990年-1993年间沈阳口岸入境人员传染病监测工作的基本情况,在对6503名归国人员和2146名外籍人员进行传染病监测体检中,发现HIV感染者41人、隐性梅毒患者1人、开放性肺结核患者1人。 相似文献
10.
复式脉冲低能量ESWL治疗肾结石769例报告 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨复式脉冲HB-V型低能量体外冲击波碎石机治疗肾结石的治疗效果.方法采用复式脉冲HB-ESWL-VG型低能量碎石机治疗直径<2.0 cm的各类肾结石769例,治疗工作电压3~9 kV,平均冲击次数2 300次.结果肾盏结石总粉碎率为97.4%,其中上中盏结石复打率为13.1%,术后3个月排净率为89.4%,下盏结石复打率为17.3%,排净率为81.5%;肾盂结石粉碎率为98.3%,复打率为6.1%,术后3个月排净率为93.0%.结论复式脉冲低能量ESWL治疗肾结石具有治疗成功率高、复打率低、无严重并发症、副作用少之优点. 相似文献